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Last updated on September 25, 2017. This conference program is tentative and subject to change
Technical Program for Wednesday July 12, 2017
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WeAT1 Minisymposium, Roentgen Hall |
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Recent Progress in Biosignal-Based Human-Computer Interaction |
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Chair: Im, Chang-Hwan | Hanyang Univ |
Co-Chair: Hwang, Han-Jeong | Kumoh National Inst. of Tech |
Organizer: Im, Chang-Hwan | Hanyang Univ |
Organizer: Hwang, Han-Jeong | Kumoh National Inst. of Tech |
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08:00-08:15, Paper WeAT1.1 | Add to My Program |
Face-Machine Interface (FMI) for Communication of Patients with Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) (I) |
Im, Chang-Hwan | Hanyang Univ |
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08:15-08:30, Paper WeAT1.2 | Add to My Program |
Recognition of Human Emotional Experiences Using Inter-Subject Neural Correlations (I) |
Hu, Xin | Department of Psychology, Tsinghua Univ |
Zhang, Dan | Tsinghua Univ |
Keywords: Signal pattern classification, Time-frequency and time-scale analysis - Empirical mode decomposition in biosignal analysis
Abstract: Although human emotional experience plays an important role in our daily lives, its quantitative measurement remains to be one of the most challenging problems in the field of affective sciences. In the present study, we proposed an EEG-based inter-subject neural correlation (ISNC) method to explore human emotional experience during complex and continuous audiovisual video presentation. Our results showed that the correlations between the ISNCs and the subjective emotional ratings were substantially higher than those between the classical power spectra and the ratings, for both the conventional arousal and valence dimensions, as well as the ten discrete positive emotion dimensions. Correspondingly, higher classification accuracies were obtained using ISNC in most cases. Our results suggest that the inter-subject neural correlation approach is a promising candidate for investigating human emotion experiences.
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08:30-08:45, Paper WeAT1.3 | Add to My Program |
EMG-Based Prosthesis Control for Upper Limb Amputation (I) |
Hwang, Han-Jeong | Kumoh National Inst. of Tech |
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08:45-09:00, Paper WeAT1.4 | Add to My Program |
Towards Brain-Computer Interfaces Outside the Lab: New Measuring Devices and Machine Learning Challenges (I) |
Brandl, Stephanie | Berlin Inst. of Tech |
von Lühmann, Alexander | Machine Learning Department and Neurotechnology, Tech. Univ |
Müller, Klaus-Robert | Berlin Inst. of Tech |
Keywords: Signal pattern classification, Physiological systems modeling - Multivariate signal processing
Abstract: Brain-computer interface research evolves towards applications in real-life environments. Developing both novel acquisition technology and novel machine learning algorithms mark a crucial step in this process. In this talk, we discuss recent progress in multimodal wireless measurement technology and new machine learning approaches tackling challenges such as feature shifts and severe data contamination.
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WeAT2 Minisymposium, Cho Room |
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Recent Advances on Image-Guided Devices and Therapies |
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Chair: Xu, Lisa Xuemin | Shanghai Jiaotong Univ |
Co-Chair: Fowlkes, Brian | Univ. of Michigan |
Organizer: Xu, Lisa Xuemin | Shanghai Jiaotong Univ |
Organizer: Fowlkes, Brian | Univ. of Michigan |
Organizer: Sun, Jianqi | Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ |
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08:00-08:15, Paper WeAT2.1 | Add to My Program |
Minimal Invasive Multi-Mode Therapy of Metastatic Cancer (I) |
Xu, Lisa Xuemin | Shanghai Jiaotong Univ |
Keywords: Ablation, Image-guided devices - RF and microwave ablation
Abstract: Cancer remains as one of the leading causes to human death, though medical technology has been much advanced lately. An effective treatment protocol should include the following attributes: (1) directly damaging the cancer cells and their vascular network; (2) destroying the tumor immune-suppression environment and restoring normal immune system surveillance within the body; and (3) stimulating immune response against tumor. In light of this, a new strategy for cancer therapy should synergize the external intervention with a patient’s immune response. Over the past few years, a novel thermo-immune therapy was developed in our Bio-heat and Mass Transfer Laboratory. In this presentation, both the treatment system and clinical studies will be reported, including the protocol, surgical planning and the treatment outcome.
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08:15-08:30, Paper WeAT2.2 | Add to My Program |
Efficient Energy Delivery for Image-Guided HIFU with Phased Arrays (I) |
Li, Ke | Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ |
Ji, Xiang | Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ |
bai, jingfeng | Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ |
Chen, Yazhu | Shanghai Jiaotong Univ |
Keywords: Image-guided devices - HIFU, Therapeutic ultrasound, Ablation
Abstract: Efficient energy delivery is increasingly required for clinical HIFU ablation. One typical such approach is volumetric ablation, in which the target volume is divided into different concentric circles (also referred to treatment cells). The focal spots spread uniformly on the circles and each focus is sonicated with the same short time interval. The single-focus and dual-focus patterns were considered to ablate treatment cells with different sizes in simulations. Results show that dual-focus pattern is more suitable for small treatment cells (e.g., 4 mm), while the single-focus pattern is superior for larger cells. Compared with the single-focus pattern, the combination of both patterns can decrease sonication time for volumetric ablation.
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08:30-08:45, Paper WeAT2.3 | Add to My Program |
“Seeing” HIFU Lesions with Ultrasound (I) |
Cleveland, Robin | Univ. of Oxford |
Adams, Matthew T | Bose Consumer Electronics |
Raymond, Jason L | Univ. of Oxford |
Roy, Ronald A | Univ. of Oxford |
Keywords: Therapeutic ultrasound, Image-guided devices - HIFU
Abstract: Tissue undergoes changes in optical properties after ablation but “seeing” those changes at depth in tissue is challenging as light becomes diffuse after propagating a few millimetres resulting in insufficient resolution to see thermal lesions. In acousto-optic (AO) sensing a focused ultrasound beam is used to modulate photons that pass through a small region and by detecting the modulated photons the optical properties from a localised area can be determined. During high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) the ultrasound can be used to modulate the diffuse light during treatment and so the interaction volume coincides with the treatment volume and light modulation can be measured in real-time. A full numerical model captures these effects and can be used to determine the optimal sensing geometry and most appropriate tissues.
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WeAT3 Minisymposium, Park Room |
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Next Generation Intravascular Imaging - I |
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Chair: Yoo, Hongki | Hanyang Univ |
Co-Chair: Ha, Jinyong | Sejong Univ |
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08:00-08:15, Paper WeAT3.1 | Add to My Program |
Intravascular Photoacoustic/ultrasound Catheter (I) |
Kim, Chulhong | Pohang Univ. of Science and Tech |
Keywords: Ultrasound imaging - Interventional
Abstract: Vulnerable plaques are pointed out as a major cause of cardiovascular disease. However, they are difficult to detect it with conventional intravascular imaging technique due to the devices’ unique limitations. In this article, we develop an intravascular photoacoustic/ultrasound (IVPA-US) catheter and system for arterial structure imaging with lipid identification in plaque based on chemical specificity. We successfully obtained US/PA images of an intravascular metal stent using an IVPA-US catheter.
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08:30-08:45, Paper WeAT3.3 | Add to My Program |
Recent Advances in Intravascular OCT Technology (I) |
Lim, Jaeyeong | Sejong Univ |
Song, Choong Seok | Sejong Univ |
Lee, seungwan | Sejong Univ |
Ha, Jinyong | Sejong Univ |
Keywords: Optical imaging - Coherence tomography, Optical imaging and microscopy - Optical vascular imaging
Abstract: Intravascular optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a catheter-based invasive imaging system. To determine whether coronary revascularization is appropriate and to perform stent evaluation in a catheterization laboratory, OCT examinations are carried out. In this talk, we present the on-going clinical studies to find benefits of OCT-guided stenting using a contour plot and briefly report computational OCT-derived fractional flow reserve in patients. Finally, we discuss the recent developments in a high speed, low noise optical rotary junction and an extended depth-of-focus optical probe.
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09:00-09:15, Paper WeAT3.5 | Add to My Program |
Quantitative Intravascular Fluorescence-Ultrasound Imaging in Vivo (I) |
Ntziachristos, Vasilis | Tech. Univ. München & Helmholtz Zentrum München |
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WeAT4 Oral Session, Min Room |
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Novel Sensing Methods I |
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Chair: Chon, Ki | Univ. of Connecticut |
Co-Chair: Posada-Quintero, Hugo Fernando | Univ. of Connecticut |
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08:00-08:15, Paper WeAT4.1 | Add to My Program |
Wearable Health Monitoring Using Capacitive Voltage-Mode Human Body Communication |
Maity, Shovan | Purdue Univ |
Das, Debayan | Purdue Univ |
Sen, Shreyas | Purdue Univ |
Keywords: Physiological monitoring - Novel methods, Wearable low power, wireless sensing methods, Wearable body sensor networks and telemetric systems
Abstract: Rapid miniaturization and cost reduction of computing, along with the availability of wearable and implantable physiological sensors have led to the growth of human Body Area Network (BAN) formed by a network of such sensors and computing devices. One promising application of such a network is wearable health monitoring where the collected data from the sensors would be transmitted and analyzed to assess the health of a person. Typically, the devices in a BAN are connected through wireless (WBAN), which suffers from energy inefficiency due to the high-energy consumption of wireless transmission. Human Body Communication (HBC) uses the relatively low loss human body as the communication medium to connect these devices, promising order(s) of magnitude better energy-efficiency and built-in security compared to WBAN. In this paper, we demonstrate a health monitoring device and system built using Commercial-Off-The-Shelf (COTS) sensors and components, that can collect data from physiological sensors and transmit it through a) intra-body HBC to another device (hub) worn on the body or b) upload health data through HBC-based human-machine interaction to an HBC capable machine. The system design constraints and signal transfer characteristics for the implemented HBC-based wearable health monitoring system are measured and analyzed, showing a very reliable connectivity with >8x power savings compared to Bluetooth low-energy (BTLE).
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08:15-08:30, Paper WeAT4.2 | Add to My Program |
A Self-Powered Glucose Biosensor Based on Pyrolloquinoline Quinone Glucose Dehydrogenase and Bilirubin Oxidase Operating under Physiological Conditions |
Kulkarni, Tanmay | Univ. of Maryland Baltimore County |
Slaughter, Gymama | Univ. of Maryland Baltimore County |
Keywords: Bio-electric sensors - Sensor systems, Bio-electric sensors - Sensing methods, Chemo/bio-sensing - Chemical sensors and systems
Abstract: A novel biosensing system capable of simultaneously sensing glucose and powering portable electronic devices such as a digital glucometer is described. The biosensing system consists of enzymatic glucose biofuel cell bioelectrodes functionalized with pyrolloquinoline quinone glucose dehydrogenase (PQQ-GDH) and bilirubin oxidase (BOD) at the bioanode and biocathode, respectively. A dual-stage power amplification circuit is integrated with the single biofuel cell to amplify the electrical power generated. In addition, a capacitor circuit was incorporated to serve as the transducer for sensing glucose. The open circuit voltage of the optimized biofuel cell reached 0.55 V, and the maximum power density achieved was 0.23 mW/ cm2 at 0.29 V. The biofuel cell exhibited a sensitivity of 0.312 mW/mM.cm2 with a linear dynamic range of 3 mM – 20 mM glucose. The overall self-powered glucose biosensor is capable of selectively screening against common interfering species, such as ascorbate and urate and exhibited an operational stability of over 53 days, while maintaining 90 % of its activity. These results demonstrate the system’s potential to replace the current glucose monitoring devices that rely on external power supply, such as a battery.
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08:30-08:45, Paper WeAT4.3 | Add to My Program |
Detection of Needle to Nerve Contact Based on Electric Bioimpedance and Machine Learning Methods |
Kalvøy, Håvard | Rikshospitalet, Oslo Univ. Hospital, Oslo, Norway |
Tronstad, Christian | Oslo Univ. Hospital |
Ullensvang, Kyrre | Div. of Emergencies and Critical Care, Department of Anaesth |
Steinfeldt, Torsten | Philipps Univ. of Marburg, Marburg an Der Lahn, Hesse, Germ |
Sauter, Axel R. | Department of Res. and Development, Div. of Emergencies |
Keywords: Bio-electric sensors - Sensing methods, Physiological monitoring - Modeling and analysis, Physiological monitoring - Instrumentation
Abstract: In an ongoing project for electrical impedance-based needle guidance we have previously showed in an animal model that intraneural needle positions can be detected with bioimpedance measurement. To enhance the power of this method we in this study have investigated whether an early detection of the needle only touching the nerve also is feasible. Measurement of complex impedance during needle to nerve contact was compared with needle positions in surrounding tissues in a volunteer study on 32 subjects. Classification analysis using Support-Vector Machines demonstrated that discrimination is possible, but that the sensitivity and specificity for the nerve touch algorithm not is at the same level of performance as for intra-neuralintraneural detection.
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08:45-09:00, Paper WeAT4.4 | Add to My Program |
Testing the Need for Carbon in Salt/Adhesive Electrodes for Surface Electromyography Measurements: Preliminary Results |
Posada-Quintero, Hugo Fernando | Univ. of Connecticut |
Rood, Ryan | Univ. of Connecticut |
Ye, Xiang | Univ. of Connecticut |
Pias, Matthew | Univ. of Connecticut |
Burnham, Ken | FLEXcon Company, Inc |
Pennace, John | FLEXcon Company, Inc |
Chon, Ki | Univ. of Connecticut |
Keywords: Bio-electric sensors - Sensing methods
Abstract: We compared previously carbon/salt/adhesive (CSA) electrodes with Ag/AgCl electrodes for surface electromyography (sEMG) signals collection. We found no differences in amplitude, but CSA electrodes exhibited a significantly better response to noise and motion artifacts. However, the carbon component may not be needed, and the salt/adhesive (SA) mixture might be as good as CSA for such a task. Either CSA or SA mixtures have the potential to provide the unique advantages of having longer (theoretically infinite) shelf life and potentially lower cost, compared to the gold standard Ag/AgCl hydrogel electrodes. In order to determine if carbon contribution is necessary for effective sEMG measuring capabilities the mixture, the functionality of SA electrodes utilizing different levels of salt concentration were compared to the capabilities of CSA electrodes. The levels consisted of 10%, 15%, and 25% salt concentration. Six subjects have been recruited so far to collect simultaneous recordings of sEMG signals using CSA and SA electrodes, side-by-side on triceps brachii, tibial anterior muscles, biceps brachii and quadriceps femoris. For all three levels of salt concentration in the SA electrodes, high correlation was found to the CSA electrodes on the estimated linear envelopes, RMS envelope and power spectrum density. Furthermore, no significant differences in amplitude, compared to CSA electrodes, were found for the three concentrations. Based on signal-to-noise and signal-to-motion measures on the preliminary data set, it seems like adding carbon to the mixture improves the response to motion, but impairs the noise corruption of the sEMG signals.
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09:00-09:15, Paper WeAT4.5 | Add to My Program |
A Rapid Quantitative Determination Method of Luteinizing Hormone with Gold Immunochromatographic Strip |
Liu, juntao | Inst. of Electronics, Chinese Acad. of Sciences |
Kong, Zhuang | Tate Key Lab. of Transducer Tech. Inst. of Elect |
Wang, Yang | 112596 Fan Yan the State Key Lab. of Transducer Tech |
Fan, Yan | The State Key Lab. of Transducer Tech. Inst. Of |
luo, jinping | Inst. of Electronics, Chinese Acad. of Sciences |
xu, shengwei | Inst. of Electronics, Chinese Acad. of Science |
Jin, Hongyan | Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, First Hospital Peking Univ |
cai, xinxia | Inst. of Electronics, Chinese Acad. of Sciences |
Keywords: Bio-electric sensors - Sensor systems, Portable miniaturized systems, Physical sensors and sensor systems - Optical and photonic Sensors and systems
Abstract: Measurement of Luteinizing hormone (LH) levels is of great importance in guidance for pregnancy, diagnosis of ovarian diseases and evaluation of clinical effect. Gold immuno- chromatographic strip(GICS) assay is a rapid, simple, single- copy and on-site method. Quantitative interpretation of GICS can provide more information than the traditional qualitative or semi-quantitative strip assay. This paper aims to develop a quantitative determination method for GICS based on smart-phone. First, smart-phone was used to acquire GICS image. Then, we applied the canny edge detection operator to extract reading window of GICS, and the fuzzy c-means (FCM) clustering algorithm to extract the test and control lines in the reading window. In order to reduce environmental interference,luminance-compensation based on color constancy algorithms was applied. Finally, the property of the developed quantitative method is demonstrated by the detection of LH sample and clinical serum sample. Experimental results revealed that this method could achieve a low detection limit of 1.0 mIU/mL in a linear range from 1.0 to 125.0 mIU/mL. Furthermore, the proposed method could be used for the determination of clinical serum samples and its corresponding correlation coefficients were 0.964. Results showed that this novel method could be an effective tool for the rapid quantitative determination of LH.
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09:15-09:30, Paper WeAT4.6 | Add to My Program |
Integration of Piezo-Capacitive and Piezo-Electric Nanoweb Based Pressure Sensors for Imaging of Static and Dynamic Pressure Distribution |
Jeong, You Jeong | Kyung Hee Univ |
OH, TONG IN | Kyunghee Univ |
Woo, Eung Je | Kyung Hee Univ |
Kim, Kap Jin | Kyung Hee Univ |
Keywords: Bio-electric sensors - Sensing methods, Bio-electric sensors - Sensor systems
Abstract: Recently, highly flexible and soft pressure distribution imaging sensor is in great demand for tactile sensing, gait analysis, ubiquitous life-care based on activity recognition, and therapeutics. In this study, we integrate the piezo-capacitive and piezo-electric nanowebs with the conductive fabric sheets for detecting static and dynamic pressure distributions on a large sensing area. Electrical impedance tomography (EIT) and electric source imaging are applied for reconstructing pressure distribution images from measured current-voltage data on the boundary of the hybrid fabric sensor. We evaluated the piezo-capacitive nanoweb sensor, piezo-electric nanoweb sensor, and hybrid fabric sensor. The results show the feasibility of static and dynamic pressure distribution imaging from the boundary measurements of the fabric sensors.
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WeAT5 Oral Session, Lee Room |
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EMBS Student Paper Competition I |
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Chair: Zhang, Yingchun | Univ. of Houston |
Co-Chair: Byun, Kyung Min | Kyung Hee Univ |
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08:00-08:15, Paper WeAT5.1 | Add to My Program |
A Novel Hidden Markov Model-Based Pattern Discrimination Method with the Anomaly Detection for EMG Signals |
Mukaeda, Takayuki | Graduate School of Engineering, Yokohama National Univ |
Shima, Keisuke | Yokohama National Univ |
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08:15-08:30, Paper WeAT5.2 | Add to My Program |
Segmentation of Gait Sequences Using Inertial Sensor Data in Hereditary Spastic Paraplegia |
Martindale, Christine F | Friedrich-Alexander-Univ. Erlangen-Nürnberg |
Strauss, Martin | Friedrich-Alexander-Univ. Erlangen-Nürnberg |
Gaßner, Heiko | Univ. Erlangen, Department of Molecular Neurology |
List, Julia | Univ. Erlangen, Department of Molecular Neurology |
Müller, Meinard | International Audio Lab. Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany |
Klucken, Jochen | Univ. Hospital Erlangen |
Kohl, Zacharias | Univ. Erlangen, Department of Molecular Neurology |
Eskofier, Bjoern M | Friedrich-Alexander-Univ. Erlangen-Nürnberg |
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08:30-08:45, Paper WeAT5.3 | Add to My Program |
Galvanic Vestibular Stimulation (GVS) Effects on Impaired Interhemispheric Connectivity in Parkinson’s Disease |
Lee, Soojin | The Univ. of British Columbia |
Kim, Diana | The Univ. of British Columbia |
McKeown, Martin | Univ. of British Columbia |
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08:45-09:00, Paper WeAT5.4 | Add to My Program |
Design of Contact Zone Topography for Implantable High-Channel Electrical Connectors |
Koch, Julia | Univ. of Freiburg |
Schuettler, Martin | Univ. of Freiburg |
Stieglitz, Thomas | Univ. of Freiburg |
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09:00-09:15, Paper WeAT5.5 | Add to My Program |
EEG-Guided Robotic Mirror Therapy System for Lower LimbRehabilitation |
Marghi, Yeganeh M. | Northeastern Univ. |
Farjadian, Amir Bahador | Northeastern Univ. |
Yen, Sheng-che | Northeastern Univ. |
Erdogmus, Deniz | Northeastern Univ. |
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WeAT7 Oral Session, Herrick Room |
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Novel Approaches to BME Education |
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Chair: Kant Kumar, Dinesh | RMIT Univ |
Co-Chair: Esterer, Benjamin | Univ. of Applied Sciences Upper Austria |
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08:00-08:15, Paper WeAT7.1 | Add to My Program |
Problem Based Learning for Engineering |
Radcliffe, Pj | RMIT Univ |
Kant Kumar, Dinesh | RMIT Univ |
Keywords: Teaching design, Instruction and learning, Novel approaches to BME education
Abstract: The role of Problem Based Learning (PBL) is relative clear in domains such as medicine but its efficacy in bio-medical engineering and engineering in general is as yet less certain. To clarify the role of PBL in engineering, a 3 day workshop was conducted for senior Brazilian engineering academics where they were given the theory and then an immersive PBL experience. One major purpose for running this workshop was for them to identify suitable courses where PBL could be considered. During this workshop, they were split in teams and given a diverse range of problems. At the conclusion of the workshop, a quantifiable survey was conducted and the results show that PBL can deliver superior educational outcomes providing the student group is drawn from the top 5% of the year 12 students, and that significantly higher resources are made available. Thus, any proposed PBL program in engineering must be able to demonstrate that it can meet these requirements before it can move forward to implementation.
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08:15-08:30, Paper WeAT7.2 | Add to My Program |
A Course in Prosthetics for the Developing World: Merging Education, Research, and Industry to Teach Biomedical Design for Social Impact |
Ranger, Bryan | Massachusetts Inst. of Tech |
Mantzavinou, Aikaterini | Massachusetts Inst. of Tech |
Keywords: BME and global health, Biomedical engineering curricula, BME undergraduate research
Abstract: Under the auspices of the MIT D-Lab, a team of graduate students has instructed a course since 2008 that centers around teaching low-cost prosthetic design for resource-constrained environments. Recently, the course has evolved into a fully immersive design experience that pairs student teams with real-life international stakeholders and industry partners. Following this structure, projects initiated as part of the course have been tested at field sites around the world, stimulated further research, advanced student careers, raised additional grant money, and generated peer-reviewed publications and intellectual property.
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08:30-08:45, Paper WeAT7.3 | Add to My Program |
The Role of a Creative “joint Assignment” Project in Biomedical Engineering Bachelor Degree Education |
jiang, jiehui | Shanghai Univ |
Zhang, Yuting | Shanghai Univ |
Zhou, Mi | Shanghai Univ |
Zheng, Xiaosong | Shanghai Univ |
Yan, Zhuangzhi | Shanghai Univ |
Keywords: Novel approaches to BME education, Teaching design
Abstract: Biomedical Engineering (BME) bachelor education aims to train qualified engineers who devote themselves to addressing biological and medical problems by integrating the technological, medical and biological knowledge. Design thinking and teamwork with other disciplines are necessary for biomedical engineers. In the current biomedical engineering education system of Shanghai University (SHU), however, such design thinking and teamwork through a practical project is lacking. This paper describes a creative “joint assignment” project in Shanghai University, China, which has provided BME bachelor students a two-year practical experience to work with students from multidisciplinary departments including sociology, mechanics, computer sciences, business and art, etc. To test the feasibility of this project, a twenty-month pilot project has been carried out from May 2015 to December 2016. The results showed that this pilot project obviously enhanced competitive power of BME students in Shanghai University, both in the capabilities of design thinking and teamwork.
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08:45-09:00, Paper WeAT7.4 | Add to My Program |
Design and Development of an Intelligent Nursing Bed a Pilot Project of “joint Assignment” |
jiang, jiehui | Shanghai Univ |
Liu, TingWei | ShangHai Univ |
Zhang, Yuting | Shanghai Univ |
Song, Wolf | Delft Univ. of Tech |
Zhou, Mi | Shanghai Univ |
Zheng, Xiaosong | Shanghai Univ |
Yan, Zhuangzhi | Shanghai Univ |
Keywords: Novel approaches to BME education, Teaching design
Abstract: The “joint assignment” is a creative bachelor education project for Biomedical Engineering (BME) in Shanghai University (SHU), China. The objective of this project is to improve students’ capabilities in design thinking and teamwork through practices in the process of the design and development of complex medical product. As the first step, a pilot project “design and development of intelligent nursing bed” was set up in May 2015. This paper describes details of how project organization and management, various teaching methods and scientific evaluation approaches were achieved in this pilot project. For example, a method containing one main line and four branches is taken to manage the project and “prototyping model” was used as the main research approach. As a result a multi-win situation was achieved. The results showed, firstly 62 bachelor students, including 16 BME students were well trained. They improved themselves in use of practical tools, communication skills and scientific writing; Secondly commercial companies received a nice product design on intelligent nursing bed, and have been working on industrializing it; Thirdly the university and associated schools obtained an excellent practical education experience to supplement traditional class education; Fourthly and most importantly, requirements from end-users will be met. The results also showed that the “joint assignment” task could be one significant component in BME bachelor education.
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09:00-09:15, Paper WeAT7.5 | Add to My Program |
A Hybrid, Low-Cost Tissue-Like Epidural Needle Insertion Simulator |
Esterer, Benjamin | Univ. of Applied Sciences Upper Austria |
Gabauer, Stefan | Res. Group for Surgical Simulators Linz, Upper Austria Univ |
Pichler, Robert | Johannes Kepler Univ. Linz |
Wirthl, Daniela | Johannes Kepler Univ. Linz |
Drack, Michael | Johannes Kepler Univ. Linz |
Hollensteiner, Marianne | Upper Austria Univ. of Applied Sciences |
Kettlgruber, Gerald | Johannes Kepler Univ. Linz |
Kaltenbrunner, Martin | Johannes Kepler Univ. Linz |
Bauer, Siegfried | Johannes Kepler Univ |
Fuerst, David | Upper Austria Univ. of Applied Sciences |
Merwa, Robert | Univ. of Applied Sciences Upper Austria |
Meier, Jens | Kepler Univ. Linz |
Augat, Peter | Inst. for Biomechanics, BGU Murnau |
Schrempf, Andreas | Upper Austria Univ. of Applied Sciences |
Keywords: Novel approaches to BME education, Instruction and learning, Teaching design
Abstract: Abstract--- Epidural and spinal anesthesia are mostly performed “blind” without any medical imaging. Currently, training of these procedures is performed on human specimens, virtual reality systems, manikins and mostly in clinical practice supervised by a professional. In this study a novel hybrid, low-cost patient simulator for the training of needle insertion into the epidural space was designed. The patient phantom provides a realistic force feedback comparable with biological tissue and enables sensing of the needle tip position during insertion. A display delivers the trainee a real-time feedback of the needle tip position.
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09:15-09:30, Paper WeAT7.6 | Add to My Program |
Novel Synthetic Vertebrae Provide Realistic Haptics for Pedicle Screw Placement |
Hollensteiner, Marianne | Upper Austria Univ. of Applied Sciences |
Augat, Peter | Inst. for Biomechanics, BGU Murnau |
Fuerst, David | Upper Austria Univ. of Applied Sciences |
Esterer, Benjamin | Univ. of Applied Sciences Upper Austria |
Gabauer, Stefan | Res. Group for Surgical Simulators Linz, Upper Austria Univ |
Püschel, Klaus | Univ. of Hamburg |
Schroedl, Falk | Paracelsus Medical Univ |
Schrempf, Andreas | Upper Austria Univ. of Applied Sciences |
Keywords: Novel approaches to BME education, Teaching design, Instruction and learning
Abstract: During vertebral surgery, misplaced pedicle screws can harm vital neural and vascular structures. Haptic distinction between cortical and cancellous bone structures is therefore essential for correct screw placement. This tactile experience during pedicle screw placement can be obtained by training on human or animal specimens albeit expensive or ethically questionable. In this study, novel synthetic vertebrae were evaluated within a hybrid simulator to provide realistic haptics for the training of spine surgeries. Synthetic vertebrae made of calcium powder-based composites and imitating both, cancellous and cortical bone, were custom made. Mechanical properties of synthetic surrogates were validated for pedicle screw placement and cement augmentation and were compared with those obtained on human vertebrae and insertion torques were analyzed. In human vertebrae pedicle screw torque measurements resulted in mean torque slopes of 82pm33Nm/m. Calcium carbonate-based materials achieved lower torques than the human bone whereas calcium phosphate-based bone surrogates showed comparable results. A further differentiation of the calcium phosphate-based vertebrae revealed, that synthetic vertebrae with lower amounts of blowing agent, achieved suitable torques (83 pm 28Nm/m) in comparison to the human reference (p = 0.387). Cement application and subsequent fluoroscopy images confirmed, that the cancellous core of the synthetic vertebrae enabled cement augmentation. In conclusion, our findings suggest, that the artificial bone samples mimic the properties of human bone during pedicle screw placement and cement augmentation and are therefore suitable as synthetic vertebrae in a hybrid surgical simulator.
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WeAT8 Oral Session, Schwan Room |
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Neuromuscular Systems I |
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Chair: Finley, James | Univ. of Southern California |
Co-Chair: Kim, Hyungmin | Korea Inst. of Science and Tech |
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08:15-08:30, Paper WeAT8.2 | Add to My Program |
Early Prediction of Future Hand Movements Using Semg Data |
Koch, Philipp | Univ. of Luebeck |
Phan, Huy | Univ. of Lübeck |
Maaß, Marco | Univ. of Lübeck |
Katzberg, Fabrice | Univ. of Luebeck |
Mertins, Alfred | Univ. of Lübeck |
Keywords: Neuromuscular systems - EMG processing and applications, Neuromuscular systems - Computational modeling, Neuromuscular systems - Learning and adaption
Abstract: We study in this work the feasibility of early prediction of hand movement based on sEMG signals to overcome the time delay issue of the conventional classification. Opposed to the classification task, the objective of early prediction is to predict a hand movement that is going to occur in the future given the information up to the current time point. The ability of early prediction may allow a hand prosthesis control system to compensate for the time delay and, as a result, improve the usability. Experimental results on the Ninapro database show that we can predict up to 300 ms ahead in the future while the prediction accuracy remains very close to that of the standard classification, i.e. it is just marginally lower. Furthermore, historical data prior the current time window is shown to be very important to improve performance, not only for the prediction but also the classification task.
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08:30-08:45, Paper WeAT8.3 | Add to My Program |
Muscle Contractions in Cyclic Movements: Optimization of CIMAP Algorithm |
Rosati, Samanta | Pol. Di Torino |
CASTAGNERI, CRISTINA | Pol. DI TORINO |
Agostini, Valentina | Pol. Di Torino |
Knaflitz, Marco | Pol. Di Torino |
Balestra, Gabriella | Pol. Di Torino |
Keywords: Neuromuscular systems - EMG processing and applications, Neuromuscular systems - Locomotion, Human performance - Gait
Abstract: During cyclic movements, the number of muscle activations and their timing are different from cycle to cycle. In a previous study, the CIMAP algorithm was proposed for grouping cycles showing similar EMG activation intervals, using dendrogram clustering. Even if the algorithm demonstrated good performances on a healthy population, the intra-cluster variability decreased when applied to datasets from pathological subjects. In this work we propose an optimized version of the CIMAP, comparing the performances of 8 different combinations of parameters used for the dendrogram construction. The cut-off point is also modified. The new and the original version of the algorithm are compared, in terms of intra-cluster variability, considering a population of 60 subjects, both healthy and pathological. The results show that the new CIMAP allows for obtaining clusters with lower variability with respect to the original version of the algorithm (p < 0.001).
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08:45-09:00, Paper WeAT8.4 | Add to My Program |
Simple Space-Domain Features for Low-Resolution EMG Pattern Recognition |
Donovan, Ian | San Francisco State Univ |
Puchin, Juris | San Francisco State Univ |
Okada, Kazunori | San Francisco State Univ |
Zhang, Xiaorong | San Francisco State Univ |
Keywords: Neuromuscular systems - EMG processing and applications
Abstract: In recent years, low-cost, low-power myoelectric control systems such as the Myo armband from Thalmic Labs have become available and unlocked tremendous possibilities for myoelectric controlled applications. However, due to the embedded system constraints, such sEMG control devices typically samples sEMG signals at a lower frequency. It is in doubt whether existing sEMG feature extraction methods are still valid on such low-resolution sEMG data. In addition, the feature extraction algorithms implemented on embedded devices must have low computational complexity in order to meet the real-time requirement. This paper aims to investigate effective features for low-resolution EMG pattern recognition. In particular, a set of novel computational efficient space-domain (SD) features (referred to as simple SD (SSD) features) have been developed to exploit the spatial relationships of sEMG signals recorded from the sensor array on the Myo armband. The proposed SSD feature set was evaluated with a linear discriminant analysis (LDA)-based classifier on a 9-gesture dataset. The experimental results indicate that using the SSD features increased the classification accuracy by 5% compared to using Hudgins’ time-domain features.
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09:00-09:15, Paper WeAT8.5 | Add to My Program |
Movement Augmentation to Evaluate Human Control of Locomotor Stability |
Brown, Geoffrey | Northwestern Univ |
Wu, Mengnan/Mary | Northwestern Univ |
Huang, Felix | Rehabilitation Inst. of Chicago |
Gordon, Keith | Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern Univ |
Keywords: Neuromuscular systems - Learning and adaption, Human performance - Gait, Neuromuscular systems - Postural and balance
Abstract: Controlling center of mass (COM) position and velocity within a dynamic base of support is essential for gait stability. This skill is often compromised following neurologic injury creating a need to develop effective interventions to enhance gait stability. A movement augmentation paradigm applied to walking could potentially be used to improve control of COM dynamics. We have developed a cable robot system, the Agility Trainer, to apply continuous frontal-plane forces to the pelvis during treadmill walking. This cable robot system uses a set of series elastic actuators powered by linear motors to create bilateral forces. Here we use the Agility Trainer to create a negative viscosity force field proportional to the subject’s lateral velocity. Two healthy young subjects performed two 10-minute walking trials, Baseline and Negative Viscosity. During the first minute of walking in the Negative Viscosity field participants’ lateral COM motion became irregular when compared to the rhythmic sinusoidal motion observed during Baseline walking. By the 10th minute of walking in the Negative Viscosity field the participants had adapted their gait patterns, decreasing their variation in peak lateral COM speed each stride. These results demonstrate that it is feasible to use the Agility Trainer to safely apply a movement augmentation paradigm to human walking.
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09:15-09:30, Paper WeAT8.6 | Add to My Program |
Ankle Intrinsic Stiffness Is Modulated by Postural Sway |
Amiri, Pouya | PhD Candidate, the Department of Biomedical Engineering, McGill |
Kearney, Robert Edward | McGill Univ |
Keywords: Neuromuscular systems - Postural and balance, Mechanics of locomotion and balance, Joint biomechanics
Abstract: Dynamic ankle stiffness, which defines the relationship between joint position and the torque acting about it, determines the joint resistance to external perturbations. The contribution of joint stiffness to stance control is usually assumed to be constant; however, the stiffness may be modulated due to the ongoing sway during stance. This paper describes the results of the direct estimation of ankle intrinsic stiffness and its modulation with background torque during stance. Three subjects stood on a standing apparatus, while subjected to pulse perturbations of ankle position. The angle of center of mass, and ankle torque and angle were measured and individual torque responses to each position perturbation were analyzed. Each response lasted 90 milliseconds, where the mean of the torque record in the first 25 milliseconds was considered as its background torque. Ensemble of the responses with similar background torques were used to estimate the joint intrinsic stiffness. The estimated parameters showed that elastic element of the ankle intrinsic stiffness varied significantly (by a factor of 3) with background torque, i.e. the higher the background torque, the higher the stiffness. Thus ankle stiffness is not constant but varies greatly with postural sway.
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WeAT9 Minisymposium, Plonsey Room |
Add to My Program |
Recent Advances in Neural Stimulation for Cortical Neural Interfaces |
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Chair: Fried, Shelley | Massachusetts General Hospital / Harvard Medical School |
Organizer: Fried, Shelley | Massachusetts General Hospital / Harvard Medical School |
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08:00-08:15, Paper WeAT9.1 | Add to My Program |
Development of Implantable Microcoils for Precise Activation of Cortex (I) |
Lee, Seung Woo | Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School |
Fried, Shelley | Massachusetts General Hospital / Harvard Medical School |
Keywords: Neural interfaces - Implantable systems, Neural stimulation, Sensory neuroprostheses
Abstract: Electrode-based neural prosthetic implants that target the neocortex have the potential to treat a wide range of neurological and psychiatric disorders. However, their effectiveness has been limited due to their inability to selectively activate specific sub-populations of cortical neurons as well as the complex biological reactions that diminish the viability of electrodes over time. Magnetic stimulation is thought to overcome many of these limitations but coils small enough to be cortically implanted were not thought capable of neuronal activation. Here, we describe a new micro-coil designed for cortical implantation and demonstrate its effectiveness via a series of in vitro and in vivo experiments. A 50 x 100 µm sized micro-coil was designed and fabricated using silicon micro-fabrication technologies. In vitro experiments revealed that cortical pyramidal neurons in mouse brain slices could be strongly activated by the micro-coil stimulation without simultaneously activating passing axons. In vivo animal experiments showed that the micro-coils could be safely implanted into mouse cortex and could drive neural circuits in living animals. These results suggest that micro-coil implants may be an effective and reliable alternative to the existing electrode-based cortical implants.
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08:15-08:30, Paper WeAT9.2 | Add to My Program |
The Gennaris Cortical Bionic Vision Implant: Progress towards a First-In-Human Trial (I) |
Rosenfeld, Jeffrey V. | Monash Univ |
Lowery, Arthur James | Monash Univ |
Mohan, Anand | Monash Univ |
Li, Wai-ho | Apple |
Brunton, Emma Kate | Newcastle Univ |
Yan, Edwin | Monash Univ |
Rajan, Raman | Monash Univ |
Rosa, Marcello | Monash Univ |
Pritchard, Jeanette | Monash Vision Group |
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08:30-08:45, Paper WeAT9.3 | Add to My Program |
Long Term Stimulation of Human Somatosensory Cortex (I) |
Gaunt, Robert | Univ. of Pittsburgh |
Flesher, Sharlene N | Univ. of Pittsburgh |
Weiss, Jeffrey | Univ. of Pittsburgh |
Collinger, Jennifer | Univ. of Pittsburgh |
Boninger, Michael | Univ. of Pittsburgh |
Keywords: Sensory neuroprostheses - Somatosensory, Brain-computer/machine interface, Neural stimulation
Abstract: Intracortical microstimulation of the somatosensory cortex offers the potential for creating a sensory neuroprosthesis to restore tactile sensations. We recently demonstrated that microstimulation within the hand area of somatosensory cortex of a person with long-term spinal cord injury evokes tactile sensations perceived as originating from various locations on his own hand. A key issue for developing a reliable neuroprosthesis using this approach is percept stability. Here we measure the number of electrodes that elicit responses during a standardized survey of electrode function over 20 months. We found that the number of electrodes that were detected and described increased significantly, suggesting that this approach might be viable for long-term sensory restoration.
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WeAT10 Oral Session, Schmitt Room |
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Models for Clinical Decision Support |
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Chair: Dokos, Socrates | Univ. of New South Wales |
Co-Chair: Sen, Shreyas | Purdue Univ |
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08:00-08:15, Paper WeAT10.1 | Add to My Program |
Predicting the Outcome for Patients in a Heart Transplantation Queue Using Deep Learning |
Medved, Dennis | Lund Univ |
Nilsson, Johan | Dept. Clinical Sciences Lund, CardioThoracic Surgery, Lund Univ |
Nugues, Pierre | Lund Univ |
Keywords: Systems modeling - Clinical applications of biological networks, Systems modeling - Decision making
Abstract: Heart transplantation has enabled to extend the median survival rate to 12 years for patients with end-stage heart diseases. This operation is unfortunately limited by the availability of donor organs and patients have to wait on average about 200 days in a waiting list before being operated. This waiting time varies considerably across the patients. In this paper, we studied the outcome for patients entering a transplantation waiting list using deep learning techniques. We implemented a model in the form of two-layer neural networks and we predicted the outcome as: still waiting, transplanted, or dead in the waiting list at three different time points: 180 days, 365 days, and 730 days. As data source, we used the United Network for Organ Sharing (UNOS) registry, where we extracted adult patients (> 17 years) from January 2000 to December 2011. We trained our model using the Keras framework and we report F1 macro scores of respectively 0.674, 0.680, and 0.680 compared to a baseline of 0.271. We also applied a backward elimination procedure, using our neural network, to extract the 10 most significant parameters predicting the patient status for the three different time points.
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08:15-08:30, Paper WeAT10.2 | Add to My Program |
Staged Inference Using Conditional Deep Learning for Energy Efficient Real-Time Smart Diagnosis |
Parsa, Maryam | Purdue Univ |
Panda, Priyadarshini | Purdue Univ |
Sen, Shreyas | Purdue Univ |
Roy, Kaushik | Purdue Univ |
Keywords: Data-driven modeling
Abstract: Recent progress in biosensor technology and wearable devices has created a formidable opportunity for remote healthcare monitoring systems as well as real-time diagnosis and disease prevention. The use of data mining techniques is indispensable for analysis of the large pool of data generated by the wearable devices. Deep learning is among the promising methods for analyzing such data for healthcare applications and disease diagnosis. However, the conventional deep neural networks are computationally intensive and it is impractical to use them in real-time diagnosis with low-powered on-body devices. We propose Staged Inference using Conditional Deep Learning (SICDL), as an energy efficient approach for creating healthcare monitoring systems. For smart diagnostics, we observe that all diagnoses are not equally challenging. The proposed approach thus decomposes the diagnoses into preliminary analysis (such as healthy vs unhealthy) and detailed analysis (such as identifying the specific type of cardio disease). The preliminary diagnosis is conducted real-time with a low complexity neural network realized on the resource-constrained on-body device. The detailed diagnosis requires a larger network that is implemented remotely in cloud and is conditionally activated only for detailed diagnosis (unhealthy individuals). We evaluated the proposed approach using available physiological sensor data from Physionet databases, and achieved 38% energy reduction in comparison to the conventional deep learning approach.
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08:30-08:45, Paper WeAT10.3 | Add to My Program |
Classifying Osteosarcoma Patients Using Machine Learning Approaches |
Li, Zhi | Univ. of Michigan |
Soroushmehr, S.M.Reza | Univ. of Michigan, Ann Arbor |
Hua, Yingqi | Shanghai Bone Tumor Inst. Shanghai General Hospital, Shangh |
Mao, Min | Shanghai Bone Tumor Inst. Shanghai General Hospital, Shangh |
Qiu, Yunping | Albert Einstein Coll. of Medicine |
Najarian, Kayvan | Univ. of Michigan - Ann Arbor |
Keywords: Systems modeling - Patient stratification, Systems modeling - Decision making
Abstract: Metabolomic data analysis presents a unique opportunity to advance our understanding of osteosarcoma, a common bone malignancy for which genomic and proteomic studies have enjoyed limited success. One of the major goals of metabolomic studies is to classify osteosarcoma in early stages, which is required for metastasectomy treatment. In this paper we subject our metabolomic data on osteosarcoma patients collected by the SJTU team to three classification methods: logistic regression, support vector machine (SVM) and random forest (RF). The performances are evaluated and compared using receiver operating characteristic curves. All three classifiers are successful in distinguishing between healthy control and tumor cases, with random forest outperforming the other two for cross-validation in training set (accuracy rate for logistic regression, support vector machine and random forest are 88%, 90% and 97% respectively). Random forest achieved overall accuracy rate of 95% with 0.99 AUC on testing set.
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08:45-09:00, Paper WeAT10.4 | Add to My Program |
Development of a Three Dimensional, Multiscale Agent-Based Model of Ductal Carcinoma in Situ |
Butner, Joseph | Univ. of New Mexico |
Cristini, Vittorio | Univ. of New Mexico |
Wang, Zhihui | Univ. of Texas Health Science Center at Houston McGovern Me |
Keywords: Data-driven modeling, Modeling of cell, tissue, and regenerative medicine - Cell movement, cell migration, cell motility, Modeling of cell, tissue, and regenerative medicine - Tissue formation
Abstract: Ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) is the most commonly diagnosed form of non-invasive breast cancer, constituting 20% of all new breast cancer cases in the United States. Although non-invasive, DCIS is usually treated surgically through resection. Interestingly, long-term survival studies have shown that patient survival rates are not significantly impacted by the type or resection, indicating that increased breast conservation through minimized surgical resection may indeed be possible. This requires a greater understanding of disease development, so that clinicians may more accurately determine surgical margins which minimize patient impact while maintaining survival rates. To this end, we have developed a three-dimensional, lattice-free multiscale agent based model of DCIS designed to help quantify ductal invasion rates, in order to allow clinicians to better estimate disease age and extent of invasion, and to predict surgical margins based on parameters obtainable from non-invasive testing (i.e., mammography). Here, we present the model development to date, and discuss some preliminary results.
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09:00-09:15, Paper WeAT10.5 | Add to My Program |
Elucidating the Biophysical Processes Responsible for the Chromatic Attributes of Peripheral Cyanosis |
Baranoski, Gladimir Valerio Guimaraes | Univ. of Waterloo |
Van Leeuwen, Spencer Richard | Univ. of Waterloo |
Chen, Tenn Francis | Univ. of Waterloo |
Keywords: Translational biomedical informatics - Knowledge modeling, Computational modeling - Biological networks, Systems modeling - Clinical applications of biological networks
Abstract: The purple or blue coloration of hands and feet, known as peripheral cyanosis, can represent one of the initial signs of potentially life threatening medical conditions. Consequently, procedures aimed at its early detection and interpretation can help health-care professionals to select the appropriate treatment for these conditions. The effectiveness of such procedures, in turn, depends on the correct assessment of the biophysical processes responsible for eliciting this abnormal skin appearance. However, despite the diverse body of existing clinical research involving cyanosis, the interplay between physiological changes and the optical phenomena leading to cyanotic responses remains not fully understood. In this paper, we methodically examine this interplay through controlled in silico experiments. Among other relevant aspects, the results of our experiments demonstrate that Rayleigh scattering, a light attenuation phenomenon overlooked by previous studies on peripheral cyanosis, plays a pivotal role in the manifestation of cyanotic chromatic attributes. We believe that the insights derived from our experiments can contribute to the development of more effective protocols for the screening of medical conditions associated with peripheral cyanosis etiology.
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09:15-09:30, Paper WeAT10.6 | Add to My Program |
SMARTool: A Tool for Clinical Decision Support for the Management of Patients with Coronary Artery Disease Based on Modeling of Atherosclerotic Plaque Process |
Sakellarios, Antonis | Unit of Medical Tech. and Application Systems, Dept of Mate |
Rigas, Georgios | Univ. of Ioannina |
Kigka, Vassiliki | Univ. of Ioannina |
Siogkas, Panagiotis | FORTH-IMBB |
Tsompou, Panagiota | Unit of Medical Tech. and Intelligent Information Systems, |
Karanasiou, Georgia | Univ. of Ioannina, Department of Materials Science, Unit Of |
Exarchos, Themis P. | Unit of Medical Tech. & Intelligent Info |
Andrikos, Ioannis | Univ. of Ioannina |
Tachos, Nikolaos | Unit of Medical Tech. and Intelligent Information Systems, |
Pelosi, Gualtiero | Inst. of Clinical Physiology, National Res. Council, 561 |
Parodi, Oberdan | CNR Clinical Physiology Inst. - Milan |
Fotiadis, Dimitrios I. | Univ. of Ioannina |
Keywords: Organs and medical devices - Multiscale modeling and the physiome, Models of organs and medical devices - Inverse problems in biology, Computational modeling - Analysis of high-throughput systems biology data
Abstract: SMARTool aims to the development of a clinical decision support system (CDSS) for the management and stratification of patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). This will be achieved by performing computational modeling of the main processes of atherosclerotic plaque growth. More specifically, computed tomography coronary angiography (CTCA) is acquired and 3-dimensional (3D) reconstruction is performed for the arterial trees. Then, blood flow and plaque growth modeling is employed simulating the major processes of atherosclerosis, such as the estimation of endothelial shear stress (ESS), the lipids transportation, low density lipoprotein (LDL) oxidation, macrophages migration and plaque development. The plaque growth model integrates information from genetic and biological data of the patients. The SMARTool system enables also the calculation of the virtual functional assessment index (vFAI), an index equivalent to the invasively measured fractional flow reserve (FFR), to provide decision support for patients with stenosed arteries. Finally, it integrates modeling of stent deployment. In this work preliminary results are presented. More specifically, the reconstruction methodology has mean value of Dice Coefficient and Hausdorff Distance is 0.749 and 1.746, respectively, while low ESS and high LDL concentration can predict plaque progression.
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WeAT11 Oral Session, Greatbatch Room |
Add to My Program |
PPG Signal Analysis |
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Chair: Holmes, David | Mayo Clinic |
Co-Chair: de Chazal, Philip | Univ. of Sydney |
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08:00-08:15, Paper WeAT11.1 | Add to My Program |
Coronary Artery Disease Detection Using Photoplethysmography |
PARADKAR, NEERAJ | INTERNATIONAL Inst. OF INFORMATION Tech |
Roy Chowdhury, Shubhajit | Indian Inst. of Tech. Mandi |
Keywords: Coronary artery disease, Cardiovascular regulation - Heart rate variability, Coronary blood flow
Abstract: This paper presents a technique for coronary artery disease (CAD) detection through photoplethysmography (PPG). This work is aimed at developing a non-invasive, inexpensive screening technique suitable for home monitoring. Time domain analysis of PPG signal and its second derivative has been carried out to extract distinguishing features. Support Vector Machine based classifier has been used to classify CAD patients. ICU patient data from MIMIC-II dataset has been used for performance evaluation. Sensitivity of 85% and specificity of 78% has been achieved for the analysed data.
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08:15-08:30, Paper WeAT11.2 | Add to My Program |
Computationally Efficient Algorithm for Photoplethysmography-Based Atrial Fibrillation Detection Using Smartphones |
Schäck, Tim | Tech. Univ. Darmstadt |
Safi Harb, Yosef | Happitech |
Muma, Michael | Tech. Univ. Darmstadt |
de Jong, Jonas S. S. G. | OLVG Hospital |
Zoubir, Abdelhak M. | Signal Processing Group, Inst. of Telecommunications, Tech |
Keywords: Cardiovascular and respiratory signal processing - Cardiovascular signal processing
Abstract: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is one of the major causes of stroke, heart failure, sudden death, and cardiovascular morbidity and the most common type of arrhythmia. Its diagnosis and the initiation of treatment, however, currently requires electrocardiogram (ECG)-based heart rhythm monitoring. The photoplethysmogram (PPG) offers an alternative method, which is convenient in terms of its recording and allows for self-monitoring, thus relieving clinical staff and enabling early AF diagnosis. We introduce a PPG-based AF detection algorithm using smartphones that has a low computational cost and low memory requirements. In particular, we propose a modified PPG signal acquisition, explore new statistical discriminating features and propose simple classification equations by using sequential forward selection (SFS) and support vector machines (SVM). The algorithm is applied to clinical data and evaluated in terms of receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and statistical measures. The combination of Shannon entropy and the median of the peak rise height achieves perfect detection of AF on the recorded data, highlighting the potential of PPG for reliable AF detection.
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08:30-08:45, Paper WeAT11.3 | Add to My Program |
A Novel Method for Accurate Estimation of HRV from Smartwatch PPG Signals |
Bhowmik, Tanmoy | Samsung Res. Inst |
Dey, Jishnu | Samsung R&D Inst. India, Bangalore |
Tiwari, Vijay Narayan | Samsung Res. India, Banglore |
Keywords: Cardiovascular and respiratory signal processing - Cardiovascular signal processing, Cardiovascular and respiratory signal processing - Heart Rate and Blood Pressure Variability, Cardiovascular regulation - Heart rate variability
Abstract: Photoplethysmography(PPG) as a non-invasive tool for monitoring various cardiovascular parameters, has become popular due to the ease of wearable integration and pervasive nature. Due to unobtrusive nature of sensor placement at wrist, smartwatches and wrist based fitness bands have gained popularity. However, any movement of the wrist along with frequent loose contacts significantly corrupts the PPG signal. Reliable peak detection from the corrupted PPG signal is essential for any further processing, as many physiological quantities such as heart rate variability (HRV) depends on the peak-to-peak distances in the PPG signal, known as the RR Series. This paper attempts to provide a robust algorithm for peak detection in noise & motion artefact corrupted PPG signals. The algorithm consists of steps to remove the baseline drift in the PPG signal using wavelet filtering and trend removal and subsequent peak detection using autcorrelation for each pseudo-periodic segment of the signal. The validation of the method is done by comparing the PPG peaks detected by the algorithm with RR series extracted from simultaneously captured ECG signal.
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08:45-09:00, Paper WeAT11.4 | Add to My Program |
Cardiac Arrhythmia Detection Using Photoplethysmography |
PARADKAR, NEERAJ | INTERNATIONAL Inst. OF INFORMATION Tech |
Roy Chowdhury, Shubhajit | Indian Inst. of Tech. Mandi |
Keywords: Cardiovascular and respiratory signal processing - Heart Rate and Blood Pressure Variability, Cardiovascular and respiratory signal processing - Cardiovascular signal processing
Abstract: Cardiovascular Diseases (CVDs) cause a very large number of casualties around the world every year and cardiac arrhythmias contribute to significant proportion of CVD related deaths. Bedside cardiac activity monitors in hospitals are based on electrocardiogram (ECG) processing and are known to produce too many false alarms. Moving beyond bedside care, ECG is not very suitable for use in wearable devices. Photoplethysmography (PPG) on the other hand provides an inexpensive and more wearable device-friendly alternative. This work presents a technique to detect life threatening arrhythmias using only PPG waveforms. PhysioNet Challenge 2015 data is used to detect five types of arrhythmias namely, tachycardia, bradycardia, asystole, ventricular tachycardia and ventricular fibrillation. Novel technique is employed to assign pulse quality index to every PPG pulse and highest quality portion of the signal is used for detection. Results indicate that PPG provides a viable alternative for conventional ECG based detection. An overall true positive rate (TPR) of 93% was achieved with true negative rate (TNR) of 53.78% suggesting that PPG is a viable option for arrhythmia detection.
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09:00-09:15, Paper WeAT11.5 | Add to My Program |
Photoplethysmography Beat Detection and Pulse Morphology Quality Assessment for Signal Reliability Estimation |
Papini, Gabriele | Eindhoven Univ. of Tech |
Fonseca, Pedro | Philips Res. and Eindhoven Univ. of Tech |
Aubert, Xavier | Philips Res. Lab. Europe |
Overeem, Sebastiaan | Kempenhaeghe Foundation, Sleep Medicine Centre |
Bergmans, Johannes Wilhelmus Maria | Eindhoven Univ. of Tech |
Vullings, Rik | Eindhoven Univ. of Tech |
Keywords: Cardiovascular and respiratory signal processing - Cardiovascular signal processing
Abstract: Photoplethysmography (PPG) is one of the key technologies for unobtrusive physiological monitoring, with ongoing attempts to use it in several medical fields, ranging from night to night sleep analysis to continuous cardiac arrhythmia monitoring. However, the PPG signals are susceptible to be corrupted by noise and artifacts, caused, e.g., by limb or sensor movement. These artifacts affect the morphology of PPG waves and prevent the accurate detection and localization of beats and subsequent cardiovascular feature extraction. In this paper a new algorithm for beat detection and pulse quality assessment is described. The algorithm segments the PPG signal in pulses, localizes each beat and grades each segment with a quality index. The obtained index results from a comparison between each pulse and a template derived from the surrounding pulses, by mean of dynamic time warping barycenter averaging. The quality index is used to discard corrupted pulse beats. The algorithm is evaluated by comparing the detected beats with annotated PPG signals and the results are published over the same data. The described method achieves an improved sensitivity and a higher predictive value.
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09:15-09:30, Paper WeAT11.6 | Add to My Program |
Enhanced Detection of Sleep Apnoea Using Heart-Rate, Respiration Effort and Oxygen Saturation Derived from a Photoplethysmography Sensor |
Jayawardhana, Madhuka | Univ. of Sydney |
de Chazal, Philip | Univ. of Sydney |
Keywords: Sleep - Obstructive sleep apnea, Cardiovascular and respiratory signal processing - Complexity in cardiovascular or respiratory signals
Abstract: This paper presents a study on identifying sleep apnea using the photoplethysmography (PPG) measurements, which is obtained from a low-cost, non-invasive and a convenient-to-use sensor. Using a database of polysomnogram records of 52 patients, the heart rate and breathing effort information is derived from the PPG measurements and then features are extracted and applied to a classification model to detect sleep apnea. The apnea classification is carried out for each one-minute segment of the signal. Pulse oximetry (SpO2) measurements from the same database are also used in the classification process for comparison and in combination with the PPG results. The results show that both the heart rate and respiratory effort information derived from the PPG signal were able to detect apneic segments with some success. The best apnea classification performance was obtained when we combined the SpO2 features and the PPG features.
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WeAT12 Oral Session, Geddes Room |
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Clinical Applications of Mobility Assessment |
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Chair: Tamura, Toshiyo | Waseda Univ |
Co-Chair: Henriques, Jorge | Univ. of Coimbra - NIF 501617582 |
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08:00-08:15, Paper WeAT12.1 | Add to My Program |
An Elderly Fall Detection Using a Wrist-Worn Accelerometer and Barometer |
Jatesiktat, Prayook | NTU |
Ang, Wei Tech | Nanyang Tech. Univ |
Keywords: Wearable sensor systems - User centered design and applications, Physiological monitoring - Novel methods
Abstract: As the world population is growing toward an aging society, elderly fall becomes a serious problem. Automatic fall detection and alert systems could shorten their waiting time after a fall and mitigate its physical and mental negative consequences. This work proposes a method that integrates a 3-axis accelerometer and a barometer on a wrist-worn device for the fall detection task. The method focuses on the use of noisy signals from a barometer in both pre-processing steps and feature extractions. A use of free falling events to address the lack of training data in a learning process is also explored. An evaluation using simulated falls and various activities shows a high classification performance except for a few false alarms occurring when sitting on the floor from a standing pose.
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08:15-08:30, Paper WeAT12.2 | Add to My Program |
Using Measurements from Wearable Sensors for Automatic Scoring of Parkinson’s Disease Motor States: Results from 7 Patients |
Thomas, Ilias | Dalarna Univ |
Bergquist, Filip | Gothenburg Univ |
Constantinescu, Radu | Gothenburg Univ |
Nyholm, Dag | Uppsala Univ |
Senek, Marina | Uppsala Univ |
Memedi, Mevludin | Dalarna Univ |
Keywords: Physiological monitoring - Modeling and analysis, Wearable wireless sensors, motes and systems
Abstract: The objective of this study was to investigate the validity of an objective gait measure for assessment of different motor states of advanced Parkinson’s disease (PD) patients. Seven PD patients performed a gait task up to 15 times while wearing sensors on their upper and lower limbs. Each task was performed at specific points during a test day, following a single dose of levodopa-carbidopa. At the time of the tasks the patients were video recorded and three movement disorder experts rated their motor function on three clinical scales: a treatment response scale (TRS) that ranged from -3 (very bradykinetic) to 0 (on) to +3 (very dyskinetic), a dyskinesia score that ranged from 0 (no dyskinesia) to 4 (extreme dyskinesia), and a bradykinesia score that ranged from 0 (no bradykinesia) to 4 (extreme bradykinesia). Raw accelerometer and gyroscope data of the sensors were processed and analyzed with time series analysis methods to extract features. The utilized features quantified separate limb movements as well as movement symmetries between the limbs. The features were processed with principal component analysis and the components were used as predictors for separate support vector machine (SVM) models for each of the three scales. The performance of each model was evaluated in a leave-one-patient out setting where the observations of a single patient were used as the testing set and the observations of the other 6 patients as the training set. Root mean square error (RMSE) and correlation coefficients for the predictions showed a good ability of the models to map the sensor data into the rating scales. There were strong correlations between the SVM models and the mean ratings of TRS (0.79; RMSE=0.70), bradykinesia score (0.79; RMSE=0.47), and bradykinesia score (0.78; RMSE=0.46). The results presented in this paper indicate that the use of wearable sensors when performing gait tasks can generate measurements that have a good correlation to subjective expert assessments
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08:30-08:45, Paper WeAT12.3 | Add to My Program |
Artifact Detection in Accelerometer Signals Acquired from the Carotid |
Muehlsteff, Jens | Philips |
Santos de Oliveira e Silva, Bernardo Jose' | Univ. of Coimbra |
Couceiro, Ricardo | Univ. of Coimbra |
Henriques, Jorge | Univ. of Coimbra - NIF 501617582 |
de Carvalho, Paulo | Univ. of Coimbra - NIF: 501617582 |
Keywords: Wearable low power, wireless sensing methods, Physiological monitoring - Instrumentation, Physical sensors and sensor systems - New sensing techniques
Abstract: Manual pulse palpation is the common procedure to assess pulse in unconscious patients. This is an error prone procedure during cardiopulmonary resuscitation and therefore automatic pulse detection techniques are being investigated. Accelerometry is an interesting sensing modality for this type of applications. However, accelerometers are highly prone to movement artifacts. Hence, one challenge in designing a solution using accelerometers is to handle motion artifacts properly. In this paper we investigate computationally simple features and classifier to capture movement artifacts in accelerometer signals acquired from the carotid. In particular, based on data obtained from health subjects we show that it is possible to use simple features to achieve an artifact detection sensitivity and specificity higher than 90%.
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08:45-09:00, Paper WeAT12.4 | Add to My Program |
Development of a Wearable Plantar Force Measurement Device for Gait Analysis in Remote Conditions |
Hamid, Rawnak | Biomedical Integrated Circuits and Sensors Lab. Electric |
Yuce, Mehmet | Monash Univ |
Redouté, Jean-Michel | Monash Univ |
McMillan, Lachlan | Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash He |
Scott, David | Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash He |
Wijesundara, Suharshani | The Dept. of Electrical and Computer Systems Engineering, Monash |
Ebeling, Peter R | Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash He |
Keywords: Portable miniaturized systems, Wearable body sensor networks and telemetric systems, Wearable sensor systems - User centered design and applications
Abstract: The pressure field that exists between the foot and the supporting surface is identified as the foot plantar pressure. The information obtained from foot plantar pressure measurements has useful applications that include diagnosis of gait disturbances, optimization of footwear design, sport biomechanics and prevention of injury. Using wearable technology to measure foot plantar pressure continuously allows the collection of comprehensive real-life data sets while interfering minimally with the subject’s daily activities. This paper presents the design of a wearable device to measure foot plantar pressure. Mechanical and electrical design considerations as well as data analysis are discussed. A pilot study involving 20 physically fit volunteers (15 males and 5 females, ageing from 20 – 45) performing a variety of physical activities (such as standing, walking, jumping and climbing up and down stairs) illustrate the potential of the device in terms of its wearability, and suitability for unobtrusive long-term monitoring.
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09:00-09:15, Paper WeAT12.5 | Add to My Program |
Weakly-Supervised Learning for Parkinson's Disease Tremor Detection |
Zhang, Ada | Carnegie Mellon Univ |
Cebulla, Alexander | ETH Zurich |
Panev, Stanislav | Carnegie Mellon Univ |
Hodgins, Jessica | Carnegie Mellon Univ |
Torre, Fernando De la | Carnegie Mellon Univ |
Keywords: Physiological monitoring - Modeling and analysis, Wearable wireless sensors, motes and systems
Abstract: Continuous, automated monitoring of Parkinson’s Disease (PD) symptoms would provide clinicians with more information to understand their patients' disease progression and adjust treatment protocols, thereby improving care. Collecting precisely labeled data for Parkinson's symptoms, such as tremor, is difficult. Therefore, algorithms for monitoring should only require weakly-labeled training data. In this paper, we evaluate five standard weakly-supervised algorithms and propose a ``stratified'' version of three of the algorithms, which take advantage of knowing the approximate amount of tremor within each segment. We analyze PD tremor detection performance as training segments increase in length from 30 seconds to 10 minutes, and labels thereby become less precise. As segment length increases to 10 minutes, standard algorithms are not able to discriminate tremor from non-tremor. However, our stratified algorithms, which make use of more nuanced labels, show little decrease in performance as segment length increases.
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09:15-09:30, Paper WeAT12.6 | Add to My Program |
Real-Time Gait Analysis with Accelerometer-Based Smart Shoes |
Delgado-Gonzalo, Ricard | CSEM |
Hubbard, Jeremy | ICON Health & Fitness |
Renevey, Philippe | CSEM |
Lemkaddem, Alia | CSEM |
Vellinga, Quinn | Ifit |
Ashby, Darren | ICON Health & Fitness Inc |
Jared, Willardson | ICON Health & Fitness Inc |
Bertschi, Mattia | CSEM |
Keywords: Wearable sensor systems - User centered design and applications, Wearable low power, wireless sensing methods, Integrated sensor systems
Abstract: In this paper, we present the evaluation of a new smart shoe capable of performing gait analysis in real time. The system is exclusively based on accelerometers which minimizes the power consumption. The estimated parameters are activity class (rest/walk/run), step cadence, ground contact time, foot impact (zone, strength, and balance), forward distance, and speed. The different parameters have been validated with a customized database of 26 subjects on a treadmill and video data labeled manually. Key measures for running analysis such as the cadence is retrieved with a maximum error of 2%, and the ground contact time with an average error of 3.25%. The classification of the foot impact zone achieves a precision between 72% and 91% depending of the running style. The presented algorithm has been licensed to ICON Health & Fitness Inc. for their line of wearables under the brand iFit.
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WeAT13 Invited Session, Dunn Room |
Add to My Program |
Pharmaceutical Engineering for Smart Drug Delivery Systems |
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Chair: Cai, Lintao | Shenzhen Inst. of Advanced Tech. Chinese Acad. of Sciences |
Co-Chair: GONG, SHAOQIN | Univ. of Wisconsin-Madison |
Organizer: Cai, Lintao | Shenzhen Inst. of Advanced Tech. Chinese Acad. of Sciences |
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08:00-08:15, Paper WeAT13.1 | Add to My Program |
Liquid-Metal Nanomedicine for Combination Anticancer Therapy (I) |
Lu, Yue | UNC at Chapel Hill / NC State |
Quanyin, Hu | UNC at Chapel Hill / NC State |
Gu, Zhen | UNC at Chapel Hill / NC State |
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08:15-08:30, Paper WeAT13.2 | Add to My Program |
Cancer Cell Membrane-Functionalized Oxygen-Nanocarrier for Breaking Hypoxia-Induced Chemoresistance (I) |
Cai, Lintao | Shenzhen Inst. of Advanced Tech. Chinese Acad. of S |
Zheng, Mingbin | Shenzhen Inst. of Advanced Tech |
Tian, Hao | Shenzhen Inst. of Advanced Tech |
Keywords: Micro and Nano formulation - Nanotechnology/Nanoparticles, Drug delivery systems and carriers - Liposomes/Lipid-based drug delivery, Pharmaceutical engineering
Abstract: Abstract—The rapid growth of cancer cells as well as the distorted blood vessels cause low oxygen content in solid tumors. Tumor hypoxia can bring about the chemotherapeutics resistance. To overcome hypoxia-induced chemoresistance, we introduced a cancer cell membrane-modified smart nanosystem with a polymeric core encapsulated natural hemoglobin (Hb) and anti-cancer drug doxorubicin (DOX) for efficient chemotherapy. The well-defined DOX/Hb-loaded and cancer cell membrane-coated nanoparticles (DHCNPs) were constructed from two components, the first is a DOX/Hb-loaded polymeric NPs prepared by single-step assembly. The second is a cancer cell membrane shell extracted from MCF-7 cancer cells and further coated onto pre-formed polymeric NPs by extrusion. The DHCNPs availably retained the cancer cell adhesion molecules (e.g., EpCAM, N-cadherin, and galectin-3) and reserved the oxygen-carrying capacity of Hb [1,2]. Benefited from the homologous targeting of adhesion molecules [3], DHCNPs significantly promoted the DOX endocytosis of MCF-7 breast cancer cells, and enhanced homologous-targeting tumor accumulation. Meanwhile, the oxygen intervention of DHCNPS noticeably downregulated the HIF-1α expression and eventually reduced exocytosis of DOX by the decreased expression of p-glycoprotein. The in vitro MTS assay showed that hypoxic MCF-7 cancer cells treated with DHCNPs caused about 80% cell death, which was 3.2 fold than that of treated with free DOX. DHCNPs treated mice achieved 100.0% survival rate in the in vivo therapeutic experiment. By the interactions of homologous target recognition and oxygen adjustment, the DHCNPs showed highly effective chemotherapy in vitro and in vivo. The biomimetic DHCNPs exhibited the attractive prospects in drug-resistant cancer therapy.
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08:30-08:45, Paper WeAT13.3 | Add to My Program |
Multifunctional Unimolecular Micelles for Targeted Triple Negative Breast Cancer Therapy (I) |
GONG, SHAOQIN | Univ. of Wisconsin-Madison |
Wang, Yuyuan | Univ. of Wisconsin-Madison |
Chen, Guojun | Univ. of Wisconsin-Madison |
Zhou, Zhiyang | Emory Univ |
Yang, Lily | Emory Univ |
Keywords: Micro and Nano formulation - Nanotechnology/Nanoparticles, Drug formulaion - Polymers, Drug release and solubility - Controlled/Sustained/Modified release
Abstract: Unimolecular micelles, formed by single/individual multi-arm star amphiphilic block copolymers, possess outstanding in vivo stability due to their covalent nature. Thus, they are a desirable drug nanocarrier for targeted cancer therapy. We have previously demonstrated that unimolecular micelles conjugated with tumor-targeting ligands can greatly enhance the tumor accumulation and anticancer efficacy of nanoparticles in regular xenograft mouse models. Recently, we have engineered a new type of unimolecular micelle conjugated with anti-EGFR nanobody (Nb) exhibiting excellent tumor accumulation in a chemoresistant triple negative breast cancer patient derived xenograft (PDX) mouse model.
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WeAT14 Minisymposium, Schaldach Room |
Add to My Program |
Emerging Methods in Medical Image Analysis |
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Chair: Fujita, Hiroshi | Gifu Univ |
Co-Chair: Lee, Gobert | Flinders Univ |
Organizer: Fujita, Hiroshi | Gifu Univ |
Organizer: Lee, Gobert | Flinders Univ |
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08:00-08:15, Paper WeAT14.1 | Add to My Program |
Computer-Aided Analysis of Diffuse Lung Diseases on Chest Radiographs: Feature Extraction Based Method versus Non-Feature Extraction Based Method (I) |
Kido, Shoji | Graduate School of Science and Tech. for Innovation, Yamagu |
Hashimoto, Noriaki | Yamaguchi Univ |
Hirano, Yasushi | Yamaguchi Univ |
Keywords: Image classification, Image feature extraction, X-ray imaging applications
Abstract: To compare the performances of two kinds of computer-aided analysis algorithms of diffuse lung diseases on chest radiographs. One is a feature extraction based method using speeded up robust features (SURF) and a bag-of-features, and the other is a non-feature extraction based method using convolutional neural network (CNN).
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08:15-08:30, Paper WeAT14.2 | Add to My Program |
Deep Convolutional Neural Network for Forensic Odontology (I) |
Muramatsu, Chisako | Gifu Univ |
Miki, Yuma | Gifu Univ |
Yanashita, Yudai | Gifu Univ |
Hayashi, Tatsuro | Media |
Hara, Takeshi | Gifu Univ. Graduate Sch of Medicine |
Katsumata, Akitoshi | Asahi Univ |
Fujita, Hiroshi | Gifu Univ |
Keywords: Image classification, Image segmentation, X-ray imaging applications
Abstract: This minisymposia presentation introduces image analysis methods for obtaining characteristic information from dental x-ray images for dental forensic identification. Unlike previous methods, our proposed methods using deep convolutional neural networks can classify tooth types and tooth conditions without precise segmentation of individual teeth. Such systems have a potential for assisting in systematic filing of antemortem dental information and reducing psychological burden in postmortem examination in large scale disasters.
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08:30-08:45, Paper WeAT14.3 | Add to My Program |
Characterizing Complex Shape in Biomedical Images (I) |
Bottema, Murk Jan | Flinders Univ |
Gontar, Amelia | Flinders Univ |
Keywords: Image feature extraction
Abstract: Structure primitives and clustering are used to automatically learn prevalent structure patterns in complex and irregular shaped objects. The method is inspired by textons for texture analysis and is used here to characterize marbling patterns in beef.
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08:45-09:00, Paper WeAT14.4 | Add to My Program |
Statistical Region Merging and Segmentation in Abdominal CT (I) |
Lee, Gobert | Flinders Univ |
Keywords: Image segmentation, X-ray CT imaging
Abstract: Abstract— This paper aims to describe an emerging method, the 3D statistical region merging method in medical image analysis. The method is a 3D generalization of the Statistical Region Merging method proposed by Nock and Nielsen in 2004. The 3D generalized statistical region merging method take into consideration of the group assignments of 3D neighboring voxels in a sequence of images such as CT images. The superiority of the 3D statistical region merging method is demonstrated in abdominal CT segmentation in this paper.
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WeAT15 Invited Session, Webster Room |
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Modeling and Estimation of the Respiratory System for Clinical Applications |
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Chair: Chbat, Nicolas W. | Center of Excellence in Critical Care Innovation |
Co-Chair: Heldt, Thomas | Massachusetts Inst. of Tech |
Organizer: Chbat, Nicolas W. | Center of Excellence in Critical Care Innovation |
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08:00-08:15, Paper WeAT15.1 | Add to My Program |
Modeling of Cardiac Oscillations and Gaseous Mixing in Deadspace During Apnea (I) |
Laviola, Marianna | Univ. of Nottingham |
Das, Anup | Univ. of Warwick |
Chikhani, Marc | Univ. of Nottingham |
Bates, Declan Gerard | Univ. of Warwick |
Hardman, Jonathan G. | Univ. of Nottingham |
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08:15-08:30, Paper WeAT15.2 | Add to My Program |
End-Inspiratory Occlusion in the Presence of Intrinsic PEEP |
Albanese, Antonio | Philips Res. North America |
Vicario, Francesco | Philips Res. North America |
Buizza, Roberto | Philips Res. North America |
Keywords: Pulmonary and critical care - Bioengineering applications in Intensive care, Pulmonary and critical care - Pulmonary disease, Pulmonary and critical care - Ventilatory Assist Devices
Abstract: Typical modern mechanical ventilators offer the clinician the possibility of automatically performing end-inspiratory occlusion maneuvers. The static conditions induced by such maneuvers are indeed favorable to estimating patient's respiratory mechanics in terms of total resistance (R) and elastance (E). These are parameters of wide clinical interest. However, in the presence of intrinsic PEEP, the standard formula used to compute E via the occlusion maneuver is known to be inaccurate. In this paper we propose an alternative method for the estimation of E via the occlusion maneuver that eliminates the bias by leveraging concepts derived from physiological modeling of the respiratory system dynamics. The proposed method is also capable of accounting for respiratory efforts triggering the breath, and hence can be applied in both passive and spontaneously breathing conditions.
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08:30-08:45, Paper WeAT15.3 | Add to My Program |
Two-Parameter Leak Estimation in Non-Invasive Ventilation |
Vicario, Francesco | Philips Res. North America |
Alkhairy, Samiya | MIT |
Buizza, Roberto | Philips Res. North America |
Truschel, William | Philips Res |
Keywords: Pulmonary and critical care - Ventilatory Assist Devices, Pulmonary and critical care - Pulmonary disease
Abstract: In this paper we present an algorithm for the estimation of leaks in non-invasive ventilation. Accurate estimation of leaks is a key component of a ventilator, since it determines the ventilator performance in terms of patient-ventilator synchrony and air volume delivery. In particular, in non-invasive ventilation, the patient flow is significantly different from the flow measured at the ventilator outlet. This is mostly due to the vent orifice along the tube that is used for exhalation, but also to the non-intentional leaks that occur elsewhere in the circuit (e.g., at the mask). Such leaks are traditionally quantified via a model with two parameters, but only one of them is continually updated – the other is fixed. The new algorithm allows for breath-by-breath update of both parameters. This was made possible by leveraging a model describing the patient respiratory mechanics.
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08:45-09:00, Paper WeAT15.4 | Add to My Program |
Modeling Pediatric ARDS Patients (I) |
Saffaran, Sina | The Univ. of Warwick |
Das, Anup | Univ. of Warwick |
Hardman, Jonathan G. | Univ. of Nottingham |
Yehya, Nadir | Children's Hospital of Philadelphia |
Bates, Declan Gerard | Univ. of Warwick |
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09:00-09:15, Paper WeAT15.5 | Add to My Program |
Mathematical Modeling of Respiratory Drive in Patients on Pressure Support Ventilation (I) |
Thomsen, Lars Pilegaard | Aalborg Univ |
Karbing, Dan Stieper | Aalborg Univ |
Rees, Stephen Edward | Aalborg Univ |
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09:15-09:30, Paper WeAT15.6 | Add to My Program |
Clinical Applications of Respiratory Modeling Via Quantitative Capnography (I) |
Heldt, Thomas | Massachusetts Inst. of Tech |
Mieloszyk, Rebecca | Philips Healthcare, Univ. of Washington |
Abid, Abubakar | Massachusetts Inst. of Tech |
Verghese, George | Massachusetts Inst. of Tech |
Krauss, Baruch | Harvard Medical School |
Keywords: Pulmonary and critical care - Pulmonary disease, Pulmonary and critical care - Pulmonary function testing & instrumentation, Cardiovascular and respiratory system modeling - Compartmental modeling
Abstract: Time-based capnography measures the partial pressure of carbon dioxide in exhaled air as a function of time. It is the standard of care in a variety of patient settings in the United States and Canada, including emergency care, perioperative care, and even in ambulance settings. In current clinical practice, the resultant waveform signal, or capnogram, is used merely to establish the presence of respiration or to determine the respiratory rate or end-tidal CO2 concentration. However, the capnogram shape also has diagnostic value, but is only assessed qualitatively, by visual inspection. Here, we review mechanistic and data-driven model-based approaches to quantitative analysis of the capnogram to aid diagnosis and screening in a variety of patient conditions.
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WeAT16 Minisymposium, Rushmer Room |
Add to My Program |
Bioimpedance in Biomedical Applications and Research: Concepts |
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Chair: Bertemes-filho, Pedro | The State Univ. of Santa Catarina |
Organizer: Bertemes-filho, Pedro | The State Univ. of Santa Catarina |
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08:00-08:15, Paper WeAT16.1 | Add to My Program |
Numerical Simulations of Bioimpedance Phenomena (I) |
Krizaj, Dejan | Univ. of Ljubljana, Faculty of Electrical Engineering |
Keywords: Muscle stimulation
Abstract: Numerical simulations can give better insight into current conduction inside the tissues and can lead to new or improved usage of the bioimpedance measurement method. For this purpose an understanding of basic mathematical concepts is necessary in particular knowledge of the differential equations derived from Maxwells’ equations describing electromagnetic phenomena together with their limitations. Electrical properties of tissues are strongly frequency dependent and well covered in the relevant literature. Several computer tools can facilitate numerical simulations of bioimpedance ranging from professional to free and open-source ones.
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08:15-08:30, Paper WeAT16.2 | Add to My Program |
The Information within and the Interpretation of the Bioimpedance Measurement (I) |
Tronstad, Christian | Oslo Univ. Hospital |
Kalvoy, Haavard | Rikshospitalet |
Martinsen, Ørjan G | Univ. of Oslo |
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08:45-09:00, Paper WeAT16.4 | Add to My Program |
Electrical Properties of Phantoms for Mimicking Breast Tissue |
Grando Sirtoli, Vinicius | Univ. Do Estado De Santa Catarina |
Morcelles, Kaue Felipe | Univ. Do Estado De Santa Catarina |
Bertemes-filho, Pedro | The State Univ. of Santa Catarina |
Keywords: Bio-electric sensors - Sensor systems, Physiological monitoring - Modeling and analysis, Physiological monitoring - Novel methods
Abstract: In order to test and calibrate an EIT (Electrical Impedance Tomography) system, many researchers rely on phantoms mimicking breast tissues. These phantoms are usually made of saline solutions, agar and/or vegetables, allowing the user to set the conductivity of the material by changing the salt concentration. Due to that fact that the dispersion behavior in the vicinity of megahertz is fundamental to detect carcinoma, this work aims to propose a phantom composed by a mixture of agar and gelatin (emulating the normal tissue) and a piece of carrot (emulating the carcinoma). It also investigates the frequency dependence from 1 to 10,000 kHz. The proposed phantom showed capability to mimic some absolute and relative electrical parameters used to detect cancer according to the literature. The differences in the impedance modulus were found to be more dispersive in the mimic carcinoma tissue type than the normal mimic one. It is simple to prepare, low cost, has similar electrical properties to the ones that have been used in the literature, better mechanical properties and longer life time. It can be concluded that gelatin-agar gel may have a high potential to be used as a breast tissue phantom.
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09:00-09:15, Paper WeAT16.5 | Add to My Program |
Designing Electrical Bioimpedance Circuits for Clinical Instrument (I) |
Bertemes-filho, Pedro | The State Univ. of Santa Catarina |
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WeKBT5 Oral Session, Lee Room |
Add to My Program |
EMBS Student Paper Competition II |
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Chair: Zhang, Yingchun | Univ. of Houston |
Co-Chair: Byun, Kyung Min | Kyung Hee Univ |
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13:20-14:10, Paper WeKBT5.1 | Add to My Program |
Assessing Rtms Effects in MdDS: Cross-Modal Comparison between Resting State EEG and Fmri Connectivity |
Chen, Yafen | Univ. of Oklahoma |
Li, Chuang | Univ. of Oklahoma |
Shou, Guofa | Univ. of Oklahoma |
Urbano, Diamond | Laureate Inst. for Brain Res. |
Cha, Yoon-Hee | Laureate Inst. of Brain Res. |
Ding, Lei | Univ. of Oklahoma |
Yuan, Han | Univ. of Oklahoma |
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13:20-14:10, Paper WeKBT5.2 | Add to My Program |
An IC-Based Controllable Stimulator for Respiratory Muscle Stimulation Investigations |
Castelli, Jonathan | Univ. of Bordeaux |
Kolbl, Florian | Univ. of Bordeaux |
Siu, Ricardo | Florida International Univ. |
N'Kaoua, Gilles | CNRS, IMS UMR 5218 |
Bornat, Yannick | IMS Lab. |
Mangalore, Ashwin | Univ. of Bordeaux, IMS, CNRS UMR 5218 |
Hillen, Brian | Florida International Univ. |
Abbas, James | Arizona State Univ. |
Renaud, Sylvie | Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS |
Jung, Ranu | Florida International Univ. |
Lewis, Noëlle | Univ. of Bordeaux 1, IPB, IMS, CNRS UMR 5218 |
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13:20-14:10, Paper WeKBT5.3 | Add to My Program |
Implantable Bladder Volume Sensor Based on Resistor Ladder Network Composed of Conductive Hydrogel Composite |
Kim, Mi Kyung | Korea Advanced Inst. of Science and Tech. (KAIST) |
Kim, Hyojung | Korea Advanced Inst. of Science and Tech. |
Jung, Yeon Su | KAIST |
AlAdem, Kenana | Khalifa Univ. |
BAWAZIR, SARAH | Khalifa Univ. |
Stefanini, Cesare | Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna |
Lee, Hyunjoo Jenny | Korea Advanced Inst. of Science and Tech. (KAIST) |
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13:20-14:10, Paper WeKBT5.4 | Add to My Program |
Effects of Septum and Pericardium on Heart-Lung Interactions in a Cardiopulmonary Simulation Model |
Karamolegkos, Nikolaos | Columbia Univ. |
Albanese, Antonio | Philips Res. North America |
Chbat, Nicolas W. | Center of Excellence in Critical Care Innovation |
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13:20-14:10, Paper WeKBT5.5 | Add to My Program |
Effect of Catheter Positions on Hemodynamics and Coil Formation after Coil Embolization |
Fujimura, Soichiro | Tokyo Univ. of Science |
Takao, Hiroyuki | Jikei Univ. School of Medicine |
Suzuki, Takashi | Tokyo Univ. of Science |
Dahmani, Chiheb | Tech. Univ. of Munich |
Mamori, Hiroya | Tokyo Univ. of science |
Fukushima, Naoya | Tokyo Univ. of Science |
Yamamoto, Makoto | Tokyo Univ. of Science |
Murayama, Yuichi | Jikei Univ. School of Medicine |
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WeBT1 Minisymposium, Roentgen Hall |
Add to My Program |
Brain Signal Processing for Brain-Computer Interfaces (BCIs) |
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Chair: Kim, Sung-Phil | Ulsan National Inst. of Science and Tech |
Co-Chair: Sohn, Jeong-woo | Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation |
Organizer: Kim, Sung-Phil | Ulsan National Inst. of Science and Tech |
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14:20-14:35, Paper WeBT1.1 | Add to My Program |
Signal Characterization for a Musical Rhythm BCI (I) |
Herff, Steffen | Western Sydney Univ |
Johnson, Garett | Old Dominion Univ |
Milne, Andrew | Western Sydney Univ |
Herff, Christian | Univ. of Bremen |
Kim, Jinsoo | UNIST |
Shih, Jerry | Mayo Clinic |
Krusienski, Dean | Old Dominion Univ |
Keywords: Signal pattern classification, Data mining and processing in biosignals, Connectivity measurements
Abstract: As brain-computer interface technology continues to advance toward practical applications, it can be extended to decoding and synthesizing music from mental imagery. Such a brain-actuated music synthesizer is envisioned to serve as a music composition and performance tool for musicians and non-musicians, as well as a potential communication and rehabilitation tool for the disabled. In order to decode brain activity during music listening, let alone generate new compositions directly from brain activity, a much more detailed knowledge of neural activations and pathways must be developed. To accomplish this, brain recordings with sufficient spatio-temporal resolution must be examined. This work presents preliminary results of signal characterization of electrocorticographic (ECoG) activity during perception of simple musical rhythms.
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14:35-14:50, Paper WeBT1.2 | Add to My Program |
The Network Properties of Motor Cortical Neural Activities (I) |
Sohn, Jeong-woo | Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation |
Kang, Bong-Keun | Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation |
Choi, Jong-ryul | Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation (DGMIF) |
Keywords: Connectivity measurements, Partial and total coherence
Abstract: We applied graph theory analyses to neuronal data from motor cortices of monkey. The result showed that existence of community structures and their differences in tuning properties for arm movements. This result suggests that brain computer interface (BCI) algorithms to incorporate network properties might improve performance of BCI system.
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14:50-15:05, Paper WeBT1.3 | Add to My Program |
Decoding Analysis of Spatio-Temporal Ensemble Activity in Anterior Lateral Motor Cortical Neurons (I) |
Chae, Soyoung | Ulsan National Inst. of Science and Tech. (UNIST) |
Kim, Sung-Phil | Ulsan National Inst. of Science and Tech |
Keywords: Neural networks and support vector machines in biosignal processing and classification
Abstract: The present study aims to develop models to decode spatio-temporal neuronal ensemble firing activities in anterior lateral motor (ALM) cortical neurons into one of the two licking movements (left vs. right). Using the linear discriminant analysis (LDA) classifier and the neuronal selection scheme, we could decode movement direction from ALM neural activity during the delay period after a tactile cue as well as during the movement period with accuracy of as high as 85.46%.
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15:05-15:20, Paper WeBT1.4 | Add to My Program |
Modelling Abrupt Alteration in Neuron Tuning Preference from Point Process Observation (I) |
Chen, Junjun | Zhejiang Univ |
Xu, Kai | Zhejiang Univ |
Wang, Yiwen | Hong Kong Univ. of Science and Tech |
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WeBT2 Invited Session, Cho Room |
Add to My Program |
Frontiers in Perinatal and Pediatric Imaging |
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Chair: Grisan, Enrico | Univ. of Padova |
Co-Chair: Linguraru, Marius George | Children's National Health System |
Organizer: Grisan, Enrico | Univ. of Padova |
Organizer: Linguraru, Marius George | Children's National Health System |
Organizer: Lepore, Natasha | Univ. of Southern California / Children's Hospital Los Angeles |
Organizer: Wang, Yalin | Arizona State Univ |
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14:50-15:05, Paper WeBT2.3 | Add to My Program |
Applying Sparse Coding on Putamen of Discriminating Premature Newborns (I) |
Zhang, Jie | Arizona State Univ |
Wang, Yalin | Arizona State Univ |
Shi, Jie | School of Computing, Informatics, and Decision Systems Engineeri |
Ceschin, Rafeal | Univ. of Pittsburgh Medical Center |
Nelson, Marvin | Univ. of Southern California and Keck School of Medicine, C |
Panigraphy, Ashok | Children’s Hospital Los Angeles |
Lepore, Natasha | Univ. of Southern California / Children's Hospital Los Ange |
Keywords: Image classification, Multivariate image analysis, Brain image analysis
Abstract: Many children born preterm exhibit frontal executive dysfunction, behavioral problems including attentional deficit hyperactivity disorder and attention related learning disabilities. Anomalies in regional specificity of cortico-striato-thalamo-cortical circuits may underlie deficits in these disorders. Here, we applied a recently developed multivariate tensor-based morphometry (mTBM) method to extract features from the surface anatomy of the striatum (putamen and globus pallidus) between 17 preterm and 19 term-born neonates scanned at term-equivalent age. For such surface-based features, the feature dimension is usually much larger than the number of subjects. We used dictionary learning and sparse coding to effectively reduce the feature dimensions. With the new features, an Adaboost classifier was employed for binary group classification. The new framework outperformed several standard imaging measures in classification, and achieved 86% accuracy, 83% sensitivity and 89% specificity. The new approach combines the efficiency of sparse coding with the sensitivity of surface mTBM, and boosts classification performance.
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15:20-15:35, Paper WeBT2.5 | Add to My Program |
Does Speech Rely on Right Anterior Putamen? (I) |
Vlasova, Roza | CIBORG Lab, Department of Radiology, Children's Hospital Los Ang |
Wang, Yalin | Arizona State Univ |
Dicks, Adrienne | Geneva Foundation |
Dean, Douglas | Univ. of Wisconsin-Madison |
O’Muircheartaigh, Jonathan | Brown Univ |
Gonzalez, Sara | CIBORG Lab, Department of Radiology, Children's Hospital Los Ang |
Nguyen, Binh Kien | CIBORG Lab, Department of Radiology, Children's Hospital Los Ang |
Nelson, Marvin | Univ. of Southern California and Keck School of Medicine, C |
Deoni, Sean | Univ. of Colorado |
Lepore, Natasha | Univ. of Southern California / Children's Hospital Los Ange |
Keywords: Magnetic resonance imaging - MR neuroimaging
Abstract: In our previous study, we suggested that the difference between tensor-based metrics in the anterior part of the right putamen between 21 and 18 months age groups associated with speech development during this ages. Here we used a correlational analysis between verbal scores and determinant of the Jacobian matrix to confirm our hypothesis. Significant correlations in anterior part of the right putamen between verbal scores and surface metric were revealed in the 18 and 21 age groups.
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15:35-15:50, Paper WeBT2.6 | Add to My Program |
Central Sulcus Development in Early Childhood |
Gajawelli, Niharika | USC |
Deoni, Sean | Univ. of Colorado |
Dirks, Holly | Brown Univ |
Dean, Douglas | Univ. of Wisconsin-Madison |
O’Muircheartaigh, Jonathan | Brown Univ |
Wang, Yalin | Arizona State Univ |
Nelson, Marvin | Univ. of Southern California and Keck School of Medicine, C |
Coulon, Olivier | Aix-Marseille Univ |
Lepore, Natasha | Univ. of Southern California / Children's Hospital Los Ange |
Keywords: Brain image analysis, Magnetic resonance imaging - MR neuroimaging
Abstract: Mapping out the development of the brain in early childhood is a critical part of understanding neurological disorders. The brain grows rapidly in early life, reaching 95% of the final volume by age 6. A normative atlas containing structural parameters that indicate development would be a powerful tool in understanding the progression of neurological diseases. Although some studies have begun exploring cortical development in pediatric imaging, sulci have not been examined extensively. Here, we study the changes in the Central Sulcus (CS), which is one of the earliest sulci to develop from the fetal stage, at early developmental age 1-3 years old using high resolution magnetic resonance images. Parameterization of the central sulcus was performed and results show us that the CS change corresponds to the development of the mouth and tongue regions.
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15:35-15:50, Paper WeBT2.7 | Add to My Program |
Design of Patient-Specific Concentric Tube Robots Using Path Planning from 3D Ultrasound |
Morimoto, Tania | Stanford Univ |
CERROLAZA, JUAN J. | Imperial Coll. London |
Hsieh, Michael | Stanford Univ |
Cleary, Kevin | Children's National Medical Center |
Okamura, Allison | Stanford Univ |
Linguraru, Marius George | Children's National Health System |
Keywords: Planning and execution in surgical robotics, Surgical robotics, New technologies and methodologies in medical robotics
Abstract: Percutaneous techniques and robot-assisted surgical systems have enabled minimally invasive procedures that offer reduced scarring, recovery time, and complications compared to traditional open surgeries. Despite these improvements, access to diseased sites using the standard, straight needle-based percutaneous techniques is still limited for certain procedures due to intervening tissues. These limitations can be further exacerbated in specific patient groups, particularly pediatric patients, whose anatomy does not fit the traditional tools and systems. We therefore propose a patient-specific paradigm to design and fabricate dexterous, robotic tools based on the patient's preoperative images. In this paper, we present the main steps of our proposed paradigm -- image-based path planning, robot design, and fabrication -- along with an example case that focuses on a class of dexterous, snake-like tools called concentric tube robots. We demonstrate planning a safe path using a patient's preoperative ultrasound images. We then determine the concentric tube robot parameters needed to achieve this path, and finally, we use 3-D printing to fabricate the patient-specific robot.
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15:35-15:50, Paper WeBT2.8 | Add to My Program |
Cranial Ultrasound-Based Prediction of Post Hemorrhagic Hydrocephalus Outcome in Premature Neonates with Intraventricular Hemorrhage |
Roshanitabrizi, Pooneh | Children's National Health System |
Obeid, Rawad | Children's National Health System |
Mansoor, Awais | Children's National Health System |
ensel, scott | Children’s National Medical Center |
CERROLAZA, JUAN J. | Imperial Coll. London |
penn, anna | Children’s National Medical Center |
Linguraru, Marius George | Children's National Health System |
Keywords: Ultrasound imaging - Other organs, Brain image analysis, Image feature extraction
Abstract: Premature neonates with intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) followed by post hemorrhagic hydrocephalus (PHH) are at high risk for brain injury. Cranial ultrasound (CUS) is used for monitoring of premature neonates during the first weeks after birth to identify IVH and follow the progression to PHH. However, the lack of a standardized method for CUS evaluation has led to significant variability in decision making regarding treatment. We propose a quantitative imaging tool for the evaluation of PHH on CUS for premature neonates based on morphological features of the cerebral ventricles. We retrospectively studied 64 extremely premature neonates born less than 29 weeks gestational age, less than 1,500 grams weight at birth, admitted to our center within two weeks of life, and diagnosed with different grades of IVH. We extracted morphological features of the lateral ventricles from CUS imaging using image analysis techniques to compare neonates who needed a temporizing intervention to treat PHH to the ones who did not. From the original set of features, an optimal ranking was obtained based on linear support vector machine. A subset of features was subsequently selected that maximizes the overall accuracy level. Regarding whether or not there was a need for temporizing intervention, we predicted the outcome of PHH with an improved accuracy level of 84%, compared to the 76% rate obtained by linear manual measurement. The proposed imaging tool allowed us to establish a quantitative method for PHH evaluation on CUS in extremely premature neonates with IVH. Further studies will help standardize the evaluation of CUS in those neonates to institute treatments earlier and improve outcomes.
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WeBT3 Minisymposium, Park Room |
Add to My Program |
Next Generation Intravascular Imaging - II |
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Chair: Yoo, Hongki | Hanyang Univ |
Co-Chair: van Soest, Gijs | Erasmus MC |
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14:20-14:35, Paper WeBT3.1 | Add to My Program |
Guiding Coronary Interventions with Light and Sound (I) |
van Soest, Gijs | Erasmus MC |
Keywords: Optical imaging - Coherence tomography, Ultrasound imaging - Vascular imaging, Optical imaging and microscopy - Near infra-red spectroscopy
Abstract: A large majority of patients presenting with acute coronary syndrome is treated by stent implantation, in a procedure called percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Such interventions have a high acute success rate, but see a persistent 10-15% repeat revascularization rate due to stent failure or symptoms arising from different sites in the coronary circulation. Intravascular imaging guidance brings a marked improvement in outcome measures (including reduced reintervention). In Europe and the US, however, intravascular imaging is used in only a small fraction of PCIs, due to factors like cost, time, increased X-ray and contrast use, and the required operator expertise. In this overview, I will discuss how these perceived limitations of catheter-based interventional imaging can be ameliorated or overcome with technical improvements to the imaging technologies we apply. Highlighting developments in intravascular optical coherence tomography and photoacoustic imaging, I will focus on how advanced acquisition strategies can improve imaging speed and image contrast, with the aim to make intravascular imaging easier to use and interpret.
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14:50-15:05, Paper WeBT3.3 | Add to My Program |
Dual-Modality Fluorescence Lifetime and Intravascular Ultrasound for Intravascular Coronary Imaging (I) |
Marcu, Laura | Univ. of California Davis |
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15:20-15:35, Paper WeBT3.5 | Add to My Program |
Looking into Coronary Plaque Biology: Intravascular Multimodal Optical Molecular Imaging Strategy (I) |
Kim, Jin Won | Korea Univ. Guro Hospital |
Keywords: Multimodal molecular imaging, Optical molecular imaging, Cardiac imaging and image analysis
Abstract: Cardiovascular imaging in recent years has focused on the biological aspects of coronary atherosclerosis, aiming to evaluate its natural course of the plaque and to predict future coronary events. Multi-modal biological imaging combined with intravascular OCT, albeit still in its early stage, is expected to shed a light in the precise diagnosis of coronary atherosclerosis.
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WeBT4 Oral Session, Min Room |
Add to My Program |
Novel Sensing Methods II |
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Chair: Kim, Kyung Sook | Kyung Hee Univ |
Co-Chair: Dong, Tao | Univ. Coll. of Southeast Norway |
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14:20-14:35, Paper WeBT4.1 | Add to My Program |
A Low Power Flash-FPGA Based Brain Implant Micro-System of PID Control |
xia, lijuan | Electrical Engineering Coll |
Fattah, Nabeel | Newcastle Univ |
Soltan, Ahmed | Newcastle Univ. School of Electrical, Electronic and Compu |
Jackson, Andrew | Newcastle Univ |
Chester, Eric Graeme | Newcastle Univ |
Degenaar, Patrick | Newcastle Univ |
Keywords: Integrated wearable and portable systems, Portable miniaturized systems, Wearable body-compliant, flexible and printed electronics
Abstract: In this paper, we demonstrate that a low power flash FPGA based micro-system can provide a low power programmable interface for closed loop brain implant interface.The proposed micro-system receives recording local field potential (LFP) signals from an implanted probe, performs closed loop control using a first order control system, then converts the signal into a stimulus patter. Stimulus is achieved through optoelectronic optogenetic means on the probe. The long-term target is for both fundamental neuroscience applications and for clinical use in treating epilepsy. Utilizing our device the closed loop processing consumes only 14nJ of power per PID cycle compared to 1.52J per cycle for a micro-controller implementation which is comparable to the power consumption of the optoelectrode probe.
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14:35-14:50, Paper WeBT4.2 | Add to My Program |
Smart Mat System with Pressure Sensor Array for Unobtrusive Sleep Monitoring |
Li, Wei | Fudan Univ |
Sun, Chenglu | Fudan Univ |
Yuan, Wei | Printable Electronics Res. Centre, Suzhou Inst. of Nanot |
Gu, Weibing | Printable Electronics Res. Centre, Suzhou Inst. of Nanot |
Cui, Zheng | Printable Electronics Res. Centre, Suzhou Inst. of Nanot |
Chen, Wei | Fudan Univ |
Keywords: Integrated sensor systems, Wearable body-compliant, flexible and printed electronics, Physiological monitoring - Novel methods
Abstract: To improve the unobtrusiveness and comfortableness of sleep monitoring, we proposed the design and implementation of a smart mat which utilized flexible pressure sensor array and printed electrodes to monitor physiological and behavioral data during sleep. With the proposed novel soft seven-layer structure, the smart mat system can measure pressure distribution images and calculate respiratory rate of subjects. The function of this system was realized with pressure acquisition circuit controlled by Arduino processor. Experiments for pressure distribution tests and respiratory rate measurements were carried out to validate the performance of the proposed system. The experimental results demonstrated that the smart mat could be a viable option for unobtrusive sleep monitoring in the future.
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14:50-15:05, Paper WeBT4.3 | Add to My Program |
Design of a Microfluidic Paper-Based Device for Analysis of Biomarkers from Urine Samples on Diapers |
Couto, Adriana | Univ. of Minho |
Dong, Tao | Univ. Coll. of Southeast Norway |
Keywords: Chemo/bio-sensing - Biological sensors and systems, Portable miniaturized systems
Abstract: Among all infections, urinary tract infections (UTI) are one of the most common. Nowadays the procedures to analyze urine and consequently detect UTI are often painful and time-consuming. Recent studies about microfluidic paper based devices have developed the interest of researchers due their outstanding characteristics. In this paper is presented a novel design for a microfluidic paper-based device for screening and analysis of multiple biomarkers from urine samples on diapers. The device consists on a set of eight layers. It was designed based on the previous attempts to improve and overcome some problems detected as the continuous entrance of fluids, the possibility of contamination and the invalidity of results due to communication between different reagent pads. One approach was create a “self-locking” mechanism that closes the sample inlet in approximately four minutes solving the first two problems. Furthermore, is important that comfort is guaranteed, hence a device with a total thickness of 5,3 mm is presented. This device can keep the results for eight hours and can be used as a low-cost and more effective alternative than conventional methods being a strategy with potential for the diagnostic and analysis of biological samples in the future improving healthcare
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15:05-15:20, Paper WeBT4.4 | Add to My Program |
Stability of Colorimetric Results in the Detection of Urine Biomarkers Using a Paper-Based Analytical Device |
Bertão, Ana | Høgskolen I Sørøst-Norge Avd Vestfold |
Dong, Tao | Univ. Coll. of Southeast Norway |
Keywords: Chemo/bio-sensing - Biological sensors and systems, Integrated wearable and portable systems
Abstract: Urinalysis allows obtaining information about many of the body’s functions. Normally, urine is a very easily collected specimen, but in some cases, it can be an uncomfortable process. Moreover, standard methods such as microscopic examination or urine culturing represent time-consuming procedures. In this regard, this work explores the design of a device that combines disposable diapers, as a platform for sample collection, with part of the dipsticks method. Even though this is a desirable combination for a faster and comfortable approach, it is also convenient to extend the prescribed time, provided by the dipstick manufacturer, to read the results. This allows the stability and validity of the results for longer, preferably until the moment of the diaper changing, and it was also considered in the design. The desired conditions were reproduced for the reagent pads of glucose and nitrite. The results show that the RGB profile, obtained in glucose detection, varied after approximately 60 min. However, when the developed colors are visually compared with the reference colors, the results suggest that there were not significant variations. In the nitrite assay, by analyzing the RGB profile or by visual comparison with the reference colors, the color does not appear to change over time, but the results were not the expected. It seems that the proposed design is promising regarding results stability, but more experiments need to be done to check if the variations are constant for more biomarkers in the conditions provided by the device.
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15:20-15:35, Paper WeBT4.5 | Add to My Program |
Injection Moulded Microneedle Sensor for Real-Time Wireless Ph Monitoring |
Mirza, Khalid | Imperial Coll. London |
Zuliani, Claudio | Imperial Coll. London |
Hou, Benjamin | Imperial Coll. London |
Ng, Fu Siong | Imperial Coll. London |
Peters, Nicholas | Imperial Coll. London |
Toumazou, Christofer | Imperial Coll. London |
Keywords: Chemo/bio-sensing - Chemical sensors and systems, Wearable low power, wireless sensing methods, Portable miniaturized systems
Abstract: This paper describes the development of an array of individually addressable pH sensitive microneedles using injection moulding and their integration within a portable device for real-time wireless recording of pH distributions in biological samples. The fabricated microneedles are subjected to gold pat- terning followed by electrodeposition of iridium oxide to sensitize them to 0.07 units of pH change. Miniaturised electronics suitable for the sensors readout, analog-to-digital conversion and wireless transmission of the potentiometric data are embodied within the device, enabling it to measure real-time pH of soft biological samples such as muscles. In this paper, real-time recording of the cardiac pH distribution, during ischemia followed by reperfusion cycles in cardiac muscles of male Wistar rats has been demonstrated by using the microneedle array.
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15:35-15:50, Paper WeBT4.6 | Add to My Program |
Carbon Nanospikes for Biosensing Applications |
Shanta, Aysha Siddique | THE Univ. OF TENNESSEE |
mamun, khandaker | Univ. of Tennessee |
hensley, dale | Oak Ridge National Lab |
lavrik, nickolay | Oak Ridge National Lab |
islam, syed kamrul | Univ. of Tennessee |
mcfarlane, nicole | Univ. of Tennessee |
Keywords: Integrated wearable and portable systems, Integrated sensor systems, Implantable sensors
Abstract: In this paper, we discuss the structure and characteristics of carbon nanospikes. We also compare carbon nanospikes with previously grown carbon nanostructures known as vertically aligned carbon nanofibers (VACNF). Plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) is used to fabricate both the nanospikes and VACNF. However, carbon nanospikes do not require a catalyst for the growth process, whereas VACNF requires a catalyst in the growth process. This facilitates batch fabrication with greater reproducibility. Scanning electron microscope images and Raman spectroscopy show that carbon nanospikes fabricated on silver wires will show superior performance.
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WeBT5 Oral Session, Lee Room |
Add to My Program |
EMBS Student Paper Competition III |
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Chair: Zhang, Yingchun | Univ. of Houston |
Co-Chair: Byun, Kyung Min | Kyung Hee Univ |
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14:20-14:35, Paper WeBT5.1 | Add to My Program |
ARFI Variance of Acceleration (VoA) for Noninvasive Characterization of Human Carotid Plaques in Vivo |
Torres, Gabriela | Univ. of North Carolina at Chapel Hill |
Czernuszewicz, Tomasz | Univ. of North Carolina at Chapel Hill |
Homeister, Jonathon | Univ. of North Carolina at Chapel Hill |
Farber, Mark | Univ. of North Carolina at Chapel Hill |
Gallippi, Caterina | The Univ. of North Carolina at Chapel Hill |
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14:35-14:50, Paper WeBT5.2 | Add to My Program |
Student Award Paper Nomination - Nominates Submission 324 for Student Award Paper (Takumi Kodama*, Shoji Makino, Convolutional Neural Network Architecture and Input Volume Matrix Design for ERP Classifications in a Tactile P300--Based Brain--Computer Inter |
Kodama, Takumi | Univ. of Tsukuba |
Makino, Shoji | Univ. of Tsukuba |
Keywords:
Abstract:
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14:50-15:05, Paper WeBT5.3 | Add to My Program |
Self-Regulation of Primary Motor Cortex Activity with Motor Imagery Induces Functional Connectivity Modulation: A Real-Time Fmri Neurofeedback Study |
Makary, Meena M. | Kyung Hee Univ. |
Eun, Seulgi | Kyung Hee Uinversity |
Park, Kyungmo | Kyung Hee Univ. |
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15:05-15:20, Paper WeBT5.4 | Add to My Program |
Wireless Wearable User Interface Cursor-Controller (UIC-C) |
Marjanovic, Nicholas | Univ. of Illinois at Chicago |
Kerr, Kevin | Univ. of Illinois-Chicago |
Aranda, Ricardo | Univ. of Illinois at Chicago |
Hickey, Richard | Univ. of Illinois at Chicago |
Esmailbeigi, Hananeh | Univ. of Illinois at Chicago (UIC) |
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15:20-15:35, Paper WeBT5.5 | Add to My Program |
Elucidating Age-Specific Patterns from Background Electroencephalogram Pediatric Data Sets Via PARAFAC |
Kinney-Lang, Eli | Univ. of Edinburgh |
Spyrou, Loukianos | Univ. of Edinburgh |
Ebied, Ahmed | Univ. of Edinburgh |
Chin, Richard | The Univ. of Edinburgh |
Escudero, Javier | Univ. of Edinburgh |
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WeBT6 Invited Session, Zworykin Room |
Add to My Program |
Cellular and Tissue Engineering for Clinical Applications |
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Chair: Lee, Soo-Hong | CHA Univ |
Co-Chair: Park, In-Kyu | Chonnam National Univ. Medical School |
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14:20-14:35, Paper WeBT6.1 | Add to My Program |
Smart Nanofiber Technology Holds Promise for Future Medicine (I) |
Ebara, Mitsuhiro | National Inst. for Materials Science (NIMS) |
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14:35-14:50, Paper WeBT6.2 | Add to My Program |
Fluorescence Turn on Nanocarrier for Tumor Targeting (I) |
Lee, Kangwon | Graduate School of Convergence Science and Tech. Seoul National Univ. |
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14:50-15:05, Paper WeBT6.3 | Add to My Program |
Nanoscale Phase Behavior in Copolymers Improve Potency of Patient-Derived Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells (I) |
Sung, Hak joon | Yonsei Univ. |
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15:05-15:20, Paper WeBT6.4 | Add to My Program |
Tissue Engineered Tracheal Regeneration Using Ips, Bioreactors, and 3D Printed Scaffold (I) |
Kwon, Seong Keun | Seoul National Univ. Hospital |
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WeBT8 Oral Session, Schwan Room |
Add to My Program |
Motor Neuroprostheses |
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Chair: Wang, Zhigong | Southeast Univ |
Co-Chair: Kim, Hyungmin | Korea Inst. of Science and Tech |
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14:20-14:35, Paper WeBT8.1 | Add to My Program |
Multiscale Decoding for Reliable Brain-Machine Interface Performance Over Time |
Hsieh, Han-Lin | Univ. of Southern California |
Wong, Yan Tat | New York Univ |
Pesaran, Bijan | New York Univ |
Shanechi, Maryam | Univ. of Southern California |
Keywords: Motor neuroprostheses, Brain-computer/machine interface, Brain physiology and modeling - Neural dynamics and computation
Abstract: Recordings from invasive implants can degrade over time, resulting in a loss of spiking activity for some electrodes. For brain-machine interfaces (BMI), such a signal degradation lowers control performance. Achieving reliable performance over time is critical for BMI clinical viability. One approach to improve BMI longevity is to simultaneously use spikes and other recording modalities such as local field potentials (LFP), which are more robust to signal degradation over time. We have developed a multiscale decoder that can simultaneously model the different statistical profiles of multiscale spike/LFP activity (discrete spikes vs. continuous LFP). This decoder can also run at multiple time-scales (millisecond for spikes vs. tens of milliseconds for LFP). Here, we validate the multiscale decoder for estimating the movement of 7 major upper-arm joint angles in a non-human primate (NHP) during a 3D reach-to-grasp task. The multiscale decoder uses motor cortical spike/LFP recordings as its input. We show that the multiscale decoder can improve decoding accuracy by adding information from LFP to spikes, while running at the fast millisecond time-scale of the spiking activity. Moreover, this improvement is achieved using relatively few LFP channels, demonstrating the robustness of the approach. These results suggest that using multiscale decoders has the potential to improve the reliability and longevity of BMIs.
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14:35-14:50, Paper WeBT8.2 | Add to My Program |
An Unsupervised Learning Algorithm for Multiscale Neural Activity |
Abbaspourazad, Hamidreza | Univ. of Southern California |
Shanechi, Maryam | Univ. of Southern California |
Keywords: Motor neuroprostheses, Brain-computer/machine interface, Brain physiology and modeling - Neural dynamics and computation
Abstract: Technological advances have enabled the simultaneous recording of multiscale neural activity consisting of spikes, local field potential (LFP), and electrocorticogram (ECoG). Developing models that describe the encoding of behavior within multiscale activity is essential both for understanding neural mechanisms and for various neurotechnologies such as brain-machine interfaces (BMI). Multiscale recordings consist of signals with different statistical profiles and time-scales. While encoding models have been developed for each scale of activity alone, developing statistical models that simultaneously characterize discrete spike and continuous LFP/ECoG recordings and their various time-scales is a major challenge. To address this challenge, we have recently proposed a multiscale state-space encoding model for combined spike/LFP/ECoG recordings. However, methods to learn these state-space models from data are still lacking. Here, we develop an unsupervised learning algorithm for multiscale state-space models. Given a multiscale dataset, our algorithm finds the maximum-likelihood estimate of the state-space model parameters using a new expectation-maximization (EM) technique. We show that the new algorithm can learn the encoding model accurately from simulated multiscale data. We also show that the learned model can be used to decode arm movement trajectories from simulated multiscale activity. These multiscale models have the potential to improve the performance and robustness of various neurotechnologies.
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14:50-15:05, Paper WeBT8.3 | Add to My Program |
Electromyographic Bridge—A Multi-Movement Volitional Control Method for Functional Electrical Stimulation: Prototype System Design and Experimental Validation |
Zhou, Yuxuan | School of Basic Medical Science, Nanjing Medical Univ |
Wang, Haipeng | Southeast Univ. Inst. of RF & OE-ICs |
Cao, Xiaopeng | Southeast Univ |
Bi, zhengyang | Southeast Univ. Key Lab of Bioelectronics |
Gao, Yujie | Southeast Univ |
Chen, XiaoBin | Southeast Univ |
Lü, Xiaoying | Southeast Univ |
Wang, Zhigong | Southeast Univ |
Keywords: Motor neuroprostheses - Neuromuscular stimulation
Abstract: The voluntary participation of the paralyzed patients is crucial for the functional electrical stimulation (FES) therapy. In this study, we developed a strategy called “EMG Bridge” (EMGB) for volitional control of multiple movements using FES technique. The surface electromyography (sEMG) signals of the agonist muscles were transformed to stimulation pulses with various pulse width and frequency to stimulate the target paralyzed muscles using MAV/NSS co-modulation (MNDC) algorithm we proposed recently. Motion pattern classification based on linear discriminant analysis (LDA) was included to recognize the motion status and mapping the sEMG detection channel to the corresponding stimulation channel. A prototype EMGB system was built for real-time control of four hand movements. The test results showed that the movements can be reproduced with a successful rate of 92.5±3.5%. The angle trajectory of wrist joint and metacarpal-phalangeal joint can be mimicked with a maximum cross-correlation coefficient > 0.84 and a latency less than 300 ms.
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15:05-15:20, Paper WeBT8.4 | Add to My Program |
Low-Intensity Focused Ultrasound Stimulator Using Focal Depth Controller for Improved Targeting in Neuromuscular Rehabilitation |
Oh, Sungjin | Korea Inst. of Science and Tech |
Kim, DongHwee | Korea Inst. of Science and Tech |
Youn, Inchan | Korea Inst. of Science and Tech |
Keywords: Motor neuroprostheses - Neuromuscular stimulation, Neurorehabilitation, Neural interfaces - Regeneration
Abstract: Low-intensity ultrasound can be used for noninvasive neuromuscular stimulation to enhance the recovery of injured peripheral nerves and muscles. In order to improve the stimulation efficiency, focused ultrasound (FUS) with a high energy density should be used. Because the FUS is concentrated at a miniaturized focal area, deliberate targeting with focal depth control is required to achieve the accurate stimulation. In this study, a low-intensity focused ultrasound (LIFU) stimulator with a focal depth controller is presented as an effective ultrasound stimulation system for the neuromuscular rehabilitation. In the developed stimulator, the target depth is adjusted by the focal depth controller with the brief structure. The experimental results show that the developed stimulator can generate the high quality LIFU stimulation with the spatial average-pulse average intensity (ISAPA) of 496 mW/cm2, which is sufficient to improve the rehabilitation of injured peripheral nerves and muscles. In the in vivo experiment, a rat’s sciatic nerve was successfully targeted by the developed stimulator. These results indicate that the developed stimulator can be used to improve the quality of the ultrasound stimulation for neuromuscular rehabilitation by targeting a specific area.
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15:20-15:35, Paper WeBT8.5 | Add to My Program |
Towards a Wearable Hand Exoskeleton with Embedded Synergies |
Burns, Martin | Stevens Inst. of Tech |
Van Orden, Katie | Stevens Inst. of Tech |
Patel, Vrajeshri | Stevens Inst. of Tech |
Vinjamuri, Ramana | Stevens Inst. of Tech |
Keywords: Motor neuroprostheses - Prostheses, Motor neuroprostheses - Robotics, Brain-computer/machine interface
Abstract: Numerous hand exoskeletons have been proposed in the literature with the aim of assisting or rehabilitating victims of stroke, brain/spinal cord injury, or other causes of hand paralysis. In this paper a new 3D printed soft hand exoskeleton, HEXOES (Hand Exoskeleton with Embedded Synergies), is introduced and mechanically characterized. MCP and PIP joints had measured maximum flexion angles of 53.7 ± 16.9° and 39.9 ± 13.4°, respectively; and maximum MCP and PIP angular velocities of 94.5 ± 41.9 degrees/s and 74.6 ± 67.3 degrees/s, respectively. These estimates indicate that the mechanical design has range of motion and angular velocity characteristics that meet the requirements for synergy-based control. When coupled with the proposed control loop, HEXOES can be used in the future as a test-bed for synergy-based clinical hand rehabilitation.
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WeBT9 Oral Session, Plonsey Room |
Add to My Program |
Neural Interfaces I |
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Chair: Kim, Keehoon | Korea Inst. of Science and Tech |
Co-Chair: Koch, Julia | Univ. of Freiburg |
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14:20-14:35, Paper WeBT9.1 | Add to My Program |
An Integrated Multichannel Neural Recording Analog Front-End ASIC with Area-Efficient Driven Right Leg Circuit |
Tang, Tao | Ntu |
goh, wang ling | Nanyang Tech. Univ |
Yao, Lei | Inst. of Microelectronics, Singapore |
Cheong, Jia Hao | Inst. of Microelectronics |
Gao, Yuan | Inst. of Microelectronics, Singapore |
Keywords: Neural interfaces - Bioelectric sensors, Neural interfaces - Implantable systems, Neural interfaces - Body interfaces
Abstract: This paper describes an integrated multichannel neural recording analog front end (AFE) with a novel area-efficient driven right leg (DRL) circuit to improve the system common mode rejection ratio (CMRR). The proposed AFE consists of an AC-coupled low-noise programmable-gain amplifier, an area-efficient DRL block and a 10-bit SAR ADC. Compared to conventional DRL circuit, the proposed capacitor-less DRL design consumes 90% less chip area with comparable CMRR performance, making it ideal for multichannel biomedical recording applications. The AFE circuit has been designed in a standard 0.18-µm CMOS process. Post-layout simulation results show that the AFE provides two gain settings of 54dB/60dB while consuming 1 µA per channel under a supply voltage of 1 V. The input-referred noise of the CCIA amplifier integrated from 1 Hz to 10k Hz is only 4 µVrms and the system CMRR is 110 dB.
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14:35-14:50, Paper WeBT9.2 | Add to My Program |
Rodent Wearable Ultrasound System for Wireless Neural Recording |
Piech, David | Univ. of California - Berkeley |
Kay, Joshua | Univ. of California - Berkeley |
Boser, Bernhard | UC Berkeley |
Maharbiz, Michel | Univ. of California, Berkeley |
Keywords: Neural interfaces - Bioelectric sensors, Neural interfaces - Implantable systems, Brain-computer/machine interface
Abstract: Advances in minimally-invasive, distributed biological interface nodes enable possibilities for networks of sensors and actuators to connect the brain with external devices. The recent development of the neural dust sensor mote has shown that utilizing ultrasound backscatter communication enables untethered sub-mm neural recording devices. These implanted sensor motes require a wearable external ultrasound interrogation device to enable in-vivo, freely-behaving neural interface experiments. However, minimizing the complexity and size of the implanted sensors shifts the power and processing burden to the external interrogator. In this paper, we present an ultrasound backscatter interrogator that supports realtime backscatter processing in a rodent-wearable, completely wireless device. We demonstrate a generic digital encoding scheme which is intended for transmitting neural information. The system integrates a front-end ultrasonic interface ASIC with off-the-shelf components to enable a highly compact ultrasound interrogation device intended for rodent neural interface experiments but applicable to other model systems.
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14:50-15:05, Paper WeBT9.3 | Add to My Program |
A Handheld Device for Magnetically Inserting a Neural Interface into a Peripheral Nervous System |
Yim, Sehyuk | Korea Inst. of Science and Tech |
Hwang, Donghyun | Korea Inst. of Science and Tech |
Ihn, Yong Seok | Korea Inst. of Science and Tech |
Jeong, Jinwoo | Sungkyunkwan Univ |
OH, SANG-ROK | KOREA Inst. OF SCIENCE AND Tech |
Kim, Keehoon | Korea Inst. of Science and Tech |
Keywords: Neural interfaces - Implantable systems, Neural interfaces - Tissue-electrode interface, Motor neuroprostheses - Prostheses
Abstract: This paper proposes a compact handheld device for magnetically inserting a neural interface into a peripheral nervous system (PNS). Users can pull and hold a flexible peripheral nerve (e.g., sciatic nerve) at the front of the device for the accurate and stable targeting process. The device automatically inserts a neural interface using magnetic impacts that are generated by a miniature motor and a pair of magnets. We investigate the characteristics of the employed mechanism, and present the preliminary experimental results.
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15:05-15:20, Paper WeBT9.4 | Add to My Program |
Unidirectional Ephaptic Stimulation between Two Myelinated Axons |
Capllonch Juan, Miguel | Univ. of Essex |
Kolbl, Florian | Univ. of Bordeaux |
Sepulveda, Francisco | Univ. of Essex |
Keywords: Neural interfaces - Implantable systems, Sensory neuroprostheses - Somatosensory, Neuromuscular systems - Computational modeling
Abstract: Providing realistic sensory feedback for prosthetic devices strongly relies on an accurate modelling of machine-nerve interfaces. Models of these interfaces in the peripheral nervous system usually neglect the effects that ephaptic coupling can have on the selectivity of stimulating electrodes. In this contribution, we study the ephaptic stimulation between myelinated axons and show its relation with the separation between fibers and the conductivity of the medium that surrounds them.
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15:20-15:35, Paper WeBT9.5 | Add to My Program |
Novel Integration and Packaging Concepts of Highly Miniaturized Inductively Powered Neural Implants |
Khalifa, Adam | Johns Hopkins Univ |
Karimi, Yasha | Stony Brook Univ |
Stanacevic, Milutin | Stony Brook Univ |
Etienne-Cummings, Ralph | Johns Hopkins Univ |
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15:35-15:50, Paper WeBT9.6 | Add to My Program |
Design of Contact Zone Topography for Implantable High-Channel Electrical Connectors |
Koch, Julia | Univ. of Freiburg |
Schuettler, Martin | Univ. of Freiburg |
Stieglitz, Thomas | Univ. of Freiburg |
Keywords: Neural interfaces - Implantable systems, Neural interfaces - Microelectrode technology, Brain-computer/machine interface
Abstract: Detachable high-channel electrical connections pose a bottleneck on the path to active implants with higher numbers of electrode contacts and miniaturized geometries. Not only low-resistance, reproducible and reliable contacts have to be realized but also seals that ensure electrical insulation in the harsh body environment. Using planar contact arrangements one can resort to laser microprocessing leading to minimal size connectors. However, this poses the need to carefully design the topographies within the contact zone. In this study, we assess different methods to design the topography of planar contact pad arrays. Using topographical analysis and evaluation of electrical functionality, influential mechanisms were identified and two functional ones have been selected.
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WeBT10 Invited Session, Schmitt Room |
Add to My Program |
Voice Frequency Analysis: Expectation for the Convenient but Powerful
Diagnostic Tool for Neuropsychiatric Disorders |
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Chair: Morimoto, Yuji | National Defense Medical Coll |
Co-Chair: Tokuno, Shinichi | The Univ. of Tokyo |
Organizer: Morimoto, Yuji | National Defense Medical Coll |
Organizer: Tokuno, Shinichi | The Univ. of Tokyo |
Organizer: Mitsuyoshi, Shunji | Dept. of Verbal Analysis of Pathophysiology Graduate School of Medicine the Univ. of Tokyo |
Organizer: Shinohara, Shuji | The Univ. of Tokyo |
Organizer: Nakamura, Mitsuteru | The Univ. of Tokyo |
Organizer: Higuchi, Masakazu | The Univ. of Tokyo |
Organizer: Omiya, Yasuhiro | PST Inc |
Organizer: Hagiwara, Naoki | PST Inc |
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14:20-14:35, Paper WeBT10.1 | Add to My Program |
Introduction of Pathophysiological Voice Analysis for Disease (I) |
Tokuno, Shinichi | The Univ. of Tokyo |
Mitsuyoshi, Shunji | Dept. of Verbal Analysis of Pathophysiology Graduate School of M |
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14:35-14:50, Paper WeBT10.2 | Add to My Program |
Algorithm to Distinguish between Articulatory Disorder, Depression and Parkinson’s Disease by Voice (I) |
Omiya, Yasuhiro | PST Inc |
Hagiwara, Naoki | PST Inc |
Keywords: Bioinformatics - Bioinformatics for health monitoring
Abstract: This study includes developing an algorithm to estimate a disease condition based on speech. First, we recorded the speech including the reading of short sentences by healthy subjects, major depression patients, and patients suffering from Parkinson's disease in a hospital consultation room. Next, the acoustic feature quantity was calculated based on the speech, and an algorithm for classifying healthy subjects and patients was developed. This algorithm was evaluated using the disordered voice database, containing information related to several articulatory disorders. Results indicated that the algorithm performed fairly well in classifying healthy subjects and patients, which suggested the usefulness of the classification algorithm in estimating disease conditions based on speech.
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14:50-15:05, Paper WeBT10.3 | Add to My Program |
Novel Voice Indicator for Distinguishing Parkinson's Disease (I) |
Shinohara, Shuji | The Univ. of Tokyo |
Tokuno, Shinichi | The Univ. of Tokyo |
Keywords: Bioinformatics - Bioinformatics for health monitoring
Abstract: In this paper, we propose a novel voice indicator capable of distinguishing healthy subjects from patients with Parkinson’s disease. Specifically, we propose an indicator based on the relationship between two indices, the Zero Crossing Rate (ZCR) used in fields such as Voice Activity Detection (VAD), and the Hurst Exponent (HE) used in stock price analysis.
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15:05-15:20, Paper WeBT10.4 | Add to My Program |
Voice Acoustics As Predictor of Clinical Depression Score (I) |
NIK HASHIM, NIK NUR WAHIDAH | INTERNATIONAL ISLAMIC Univ. MALAYSIA |
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15:20-15:35, Paper WeBT10.5 | Add to My Program |
Difference in Voice Analysis Result by Pre and Post Processing of Telephone Line |
Hagiwara, Naoki | PST Inc |
Omiya, Yasuhiro | PST Inc |
Shinohara, Shuji | The Univ. of Tokyo |
Nakamura, Mitsuteru | The Univ. of Tokyo |
Higuchi, Masakazu | The Univ. of Tokyo |
Mitsuyoshi, Shunji | Dept. of Verbal Analysis of Pathophysiology Graduate School of M |
Tokuno, Shinichi | The Univ. of Tokyo |
Keywords: Bioinformatics - Bioinformatics for health monitoring
Abstract: The purpose of this study is to verify the impact of a deterioration of the sound quality of voice by a telephone line on estimating Vitality as the extent of depressive tendency based on voice analysis using MIMOSYS. First, the voices of about 1,000 people recorded using a recorder were prepared. Next, each voice was coded and resampled in preparation for transmission over a phone line. Vitalities obtained by analyzing the voices before and after these processes were compared. The results showed high correlation between the Vitality after coding and Vitality before coding, revealing that using a telephone would be an effective way to obtain voices.
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15:35-15:50, Paper WeBT10.6 | Add to My Program |
Development of a Diagnostic Marker for Depression Using Acoustic Features of Voice in the Elderly; a Pilot Study (I) |
Kim, Taehyun | Gongju National Hospital |
Kim, Ki Woong | Seoul National Univ. Bundang Hospital of the Department of Neuropsychiatry |
Jang, Hyesue | Seoul National Univ. Coll. of Natural Sciences, Department of Brain and Cognitive Science |
Hong, Jongwoo | Seoul National Univ. Bundang Hospital of the Department of Neuropsychiatry |
Kim, Kayoung | National Center for Mental Health |
Lee, Subin | Music and Audio Res. Group |
Choe, Jin Yeong | Seoul National Univ. Bundang Hospital of the Department of Neuropsychiatry |
Han, Ji Won | Seoul National Univ. Bundang Hospital of the Department of Neuropsychiatry |
Lee, Kyogu | Seoul National Univ. |
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WeBT11 Oral Session, Greatbatch Room |
Add to My Program |
Pulse Transit Time/Arterial Stiffness |
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Chair: Avolio, Alberto P | Macquarie Univ |
Co-Chair: Sivaprakasam, Mohanasankar | Indian Inst. of Tech. Madras |
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14:20-14:35, Paper WeBT11.1 | Add to My Program |
Reproducibility of Photoplethysmography-Based Local Pulse Transit Time Measurement |
Beckmann, Nils | Univ. of Duisburg-Essen |
Viga, Reinhard | Univ. of Duisburg-Essen |
Dogangün, Aysegül | Univ. of Duisburg-Essen |
Grabmaier, Anton | Univ. of Duisburg-Essen |
Keywords: Cardiovascular and respiratory signal processing - Pulse transit time
Abstract: There are several previously published approaches of measuring local pulse transit time (PTT). One of these approaches is to use two optical sensors based on photoplethysmography (PPG). However, little information about reproducibility in PPG based PTT measurement is available. Therefore, we performed a small sample size study (n = 5) to investigate quantitative criteria for reproducible PTT measurement. The inflection point as a characteristic feature of the pulse wave showed the most stabile results under varying conditions. Furthermore, we found that correlation between related pulse waves could be used as a threshold for signal quality. We suggest to implement a real-time operator feedback based on the found criteria to ensure reproducible PTT measurements.
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14:35-14:50, Paper WeBT11.2 | Add to My Program |
Pulse Arrival Time (PAT) Measurement Based on Arm ECG and Finger PPG Signals – Comparison of PPG Feature Detection Methods for PAT Calculation |
Rajala, Satu | Nokia Tech |
Ahmaniemi, Teemu | Nokia Tech |
Lindholm, Harri | Nokia Tech |
Taipalus, Tapio | Nokia Tech |
Keywords: Vascular mechanics and hemodynamics - Pulse wave velocity, Vascular mechanics and hemodynamics - Vascular Hemodynamics, Pulmonary and critical care - Pulmonary function testing & instrumentation
Abstract: In this study, pulse arrival time (PAT) was measured using a simple measurement setup consisting of arm electrocardiogram (ECG) and finger photoplethysmogram (PPG). Four alternative methods to calculate PAT from the measured signals were evaluated. PAT was calculated as the time delay between ECG R peak and one of the following points in the PPG waveform: peak (maximum value of PPG waveform), foot (minimum value of PPG waveform), dpeak (maximum value of the first derivative of PPG waveform) and ddpeak (maximum value of the second derivative of PPG waveform). In addition to PAT calculation, pulse period (PP) intervals based on the detected features were determined and compared to RR intervals derived from ECG signal. Based on the results obtained here, the most promising method to be used in PAT or PP calculation seems to be the dpeak detection method.
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14:50-15:05, Paper WeBT11.3 | Add to My Program |
Pulse Arrival Time Measurement with Coffee Provocation |
Ahmaniemi, Teemu | Nokia Tech |
Rajala, Satu | Nokia Tech |
Lindholm, Harri | Nokia Tech |
Taipalus, Tapio | Nokia Tech |
Keywords: Vascular mechanics and hemodynamics - Pulse wave velocity, Vascular mechanics and hemodynamics - Vascular mechanics, Pulmonary and critical care - Pulmonary function testing & instrumentation
Abstract: This study investigated the effect of coffee intake in pulse arrival time (PAT) and pulse wave velocity (PWV) measured with electrocardiogram (ECG) from arms and photoplethysmogram (PPG) from fingertip. 30 healthy participants were recruited to two measurement sessions, one arranged before and another one after the coffee intake. During each session, ECG and PPG were measured continuously for six minutes and PAT values calculated from ECG R-peak to the maximum of the first derivative of the PPG pulse. In addition, blood pressure (BP) was measured twice during each session with cuff based method. Coffee intake had statistically significant influence on both systolic and diastolic blood pressure, but not on PAT or PWV. Correlation between systolic blood pressure and PWV was 0.44. Individual calibration, additional derivatives of ECG and PPG such as heart rate, pulse pressure, or waveform characteristics could improve the correlation.
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15:05-15:20, Paper WeBT11.4 | Add to My Program |
Increased Arterial Stiffness Does Not Respond to Renal Denervation in an Animal Model of Secondary Hypertension |
Yao, Yimin | Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Healt |
Hildreth, Cara | Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Healt |
Li, Sheran | Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Healt |
Boyd, Rochelle | Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Healt |
Kouchaki, Zahra | Macquarei Univ |
Butlin, Mark | Macquarie Univ |
Avolio, Alberto P | Macquarie Univ |
Pilowksy, Paul M | Heart Res. Inst. and Univ. of Sydney |
Phillips, Jacqueline Kathleen | Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie Univ |
Keywords: Vascular mechanics and hemodynamics - Arterial pressure in cardiovascular disease, Vascular mechanics and hemodynamics - Pulse wave velocity, Cardiovascular regulation - Autonomic nervous system
Abstract: Renal denervation is a novel device based therapy promoted to reduce high blood pressure. We examined the impact of renal denervation on systolic blood pressure, renal function, and arterial stiffness in the Lewis Polycystic Kidney disease (LPK) rodent model of kidney disease. Animals were subjected to bilateral renal denervation or sham surgeries at age 6 and 12 weeks. Systolic blood pressure was monitored by tail-cuff plethysmography and renal function by urinalysis and creatinine clearance. At age 16 weeks, beat-to-beat aortic pulse wave velocity as a functional indicator of arterial stiffness was determined. Renal denervation produced an overall reduction in blood pressure in the LPK [(denervated 164±4 vs. sham-operated 180±6 mmHg, n = 6 per group, P=0.003)] and delayed, but did not prevent, the decline in renal function. Aortic pulse wave velocity was markedly elevated in the LPK compared with Lewis and was not altered by renal denervation in the LPK however a reduction was seen in the control Lewis animals. These results support the hypothesis that renal nerves contribute to secondary hypertension in conditions such as kidney disease.
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15:20-15:35, Paper WeBT11.5 | Add to My Program |
Brachial Artery Stiffness Estimation Using ARTSENS |
V, Raj Kiran | IIT Madras |
PM, Nabeel | Indian Inst. of Tech. Madras |
Joseph, Jayaraj | HTIC, Indian Inst. of Tech. Madras |
Shah, Malay Ilesh | Healthcare Tech. Innovation Center (HTIC), Indian Inst |
Sivaprakasam, Mohanasankar | Indian Inst. of Tech. Madras |
Keywords: Vascular mechanics and hemodynamics - Vascular Disease, Vascular mechanics and hemodynamics - Vascular mechanics, Vascular mechanics and hemodynamics - Vascular Hemodynamics
Abstract: Central and peripheral arteries stiffening prominently affect hemodynamics thus increasing the risk of coronary heart disease, chronic kidney disease and end stage renal disease. There are several commercially available non-invasive measurement technologies for the evaluation of stiffness that are expensive, demand dedicated expertise and fall short for mass screening. Considering this, we have developed ARTSENS, a highly compact and portable image-free ultrasound device for evaluation of arterial stiffness. The capability of the device to perform accurate measurements of carotid artery stiffness has been validated through extensive in-vivo studies. In this paper we demonstrate the feasibility of using ARTSENS for measuring brachial artery stiffness. An inter-operator repeatability study was done based on in-vivo experiments on 9 young healthy subjects. The study included measurement of distension, end diastolic lumen diameter, arterial compliance and stiffness index performed both on carotid artery and brachial artery by two operators successively. The degree of agreement between the measurements made by operators has been investigated based on Bland-Altman plots and paired t-test. The measurements were populated within the limits of agreement. No statistically significant difference (p-values from paired t-test for end-diastolic diameter, distension, stiffness index, arterial compliance were 0.36, 0.24, 0.47 and 0.11 respectively) was seen for the brachial artery measurements performed by the two operators. The correlation between the measurement made by the operators was highly significant (r=0.86, p-value=0.003).
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15:35-15:50, Paper WeBT11.6 | Add to My Program |
Modeling Young and Adult Patients with Cirrhosis through a Three Element Windkessel (WK3e) |
Cymberknop, Leandro Javier | Univ. Tecnológica Nacional |
Farro, Ignacio | School of Medicine, Republic Univ |
Arbeitman, Claudia | Engineering and Exact and Natural Sciences Faculty, Favaloro Uni |
Cardelino, Juan | Faculty of Engineering, Republic Univ |
Armentano, Ricardo Luis | Republic Univ |
Keywords: Vascular mechanics and hemodynamics - Vascular Hemodynamics, Cardiovascular and respiratory system modeling - Vascular mechanics and hemodynamics
Abstract: Introduction: Measurement of hemodynamic parameters constitutes an important tool in the management of patients with cirrhosis. In recent years, non-invasive measurements have gain attention, due to the potential complications associated to invasive procedures. Objective: To characterize the hemodynamic alterations of cirrhosis in young and adult subjects, through a three element windkessel (WK3e). Methods: Individuals were divided in three age groups: Young Healthy group (control, CG), Young Cirrhotic Group (YCG) and Adult Cirrhotic Group (ACG). A Finapres® Nova device was used to obtain cardiac output (CO), heart rate and arterial blood pressure. Systemic arterial compliance (C), peripheral resistance (R) and characteristic impedance (ZC) were also provided. Effective arterial elastance (Ea), left ventricular work (LVW), input impedance, efficiency and model cutoff frequency (WKCF) were assessed based on the provided data. Results: CO resulted to be higher in ACG than in CG and YGC. LVW, C and WKCF showed an increase, while R and Ea showed a decrease. However, this behavior was not observed in YCG. Conclusion: Cirrhosis was properly modeled in young and adult subjects in terms of non-invasive measurements and a WK3e.
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WeBT12 Oral Session, Geddes Room |
Add to My Program |
Ambulatory Diagnostic and Therapeutic Systems |
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Chair: Chbat, Nicolas W. | Center of Excellence in Critical Care Innovation |
Co-Chair: Min, Cheol-Hong | Univ. of St. Thomas |
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14:20-14:35, Paper WeBT12.1 | Add to My Program |
SVM Classifier on Chip for Melanoma Detection |
Afifi, Shereen | Auckland Univ. of Tech |
GholamHosseini, Hamid | Auckland Univ. of Tech |
Sinha, Roopak | Auckland Univ. of Tech |
Keywords: Ambulatory Diagnostic devices - Point of care technologies, Health technology - Verification and validation, Diagnostic devices - Physiological monitoring
Abstract: Support Vector Machine (SVM) is a common classifier used for efficient classification with high accuracy. SVM shows high accuracy for classifying melanoma (skin cancer) clinical images within computer-aided diagnosis systems used by skin cancer specialists to detect melanoma early and save lives. We aim to develop a medical low-cost handheld device that runs a real-time embedded SVM-based diagnosis system for use in primary care for early detection of melanoma. In this paper, an optimized SVM classifier is implemented onto a recent FPGA platform using the latest design methodology to be embedded into the proposed device for realizing online efficient melanoma detection on a single system on chip/device. The hardware implementation results demonstrate a high classification accuracy of 97.9% and a significant acceleration factor of 26 from equivalent software implementation on an embedded processor, with 34% of resources utilization and 2 watts for power consumption. Consequently, the implemented system meets crucial embedded systems constraints of high performance and low cost, resources utilization and power consumption, while achieving high classification accuracy.
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14:35-14:50, Paper WeBT12.2 | Add to My Program |
Developing Interactive and Simple Electromyogram PONG Game for Foot Dorsiflexion and Plantarflexion Rehabilitation Exercise |
Hee, Cheok Lek | Monash Univ. Malaysia |
Chong, Tune Hau | Monash Univ. Malaysia |
Gouwanda, Darwin | Monash Univ. Malaysia |
Gopalai, Alpha Agape | Curtin Univ. Sarawak Campus |
Low, Cheng Yee | Univ. Teknologi MARA |
Hanapiah, Fazah Akhtar | Univ. Teknologi Mara |
Keywords: Ambulatory diagnostic and therapeutic devices - Ambulatory and ADL technologies
Abstract: Gaming systems have been proven to be able to improve physical and cognitive skills. Several studies have integrated games to be part of rehabilitation program to improve functional ability of human limbs in performing activities of daily living. This paper presents the development of an interactive electromyogram (EMG) based PONG game for foot dorsifexion and plantarflexion exercise. PONG game is selected because it is a classical game that can be easily comprehended and can be played by young and old people. Two surface EMG sensors were used in this work to acquire muscle activity of tibialis anterior muscle and gastrocnemius muscle. An experimental study was carried out to examine the viability of this sensor as input to play the game. The results were satisfactory. This study further strengthens the viability of using muscle activity as an input for gaming system and as a mean to monitor patient rehabilitation progress.
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14:50-15:05, Paper WeBT12.3 | Add to My Program |
Automatic Detection and Labeling of Self-Stimulatory Behavioral Patterns in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder |
Min, Cheol-Hong | Univ. of St. Thomas |
Keywords: Ambulatory diagnostic and therapeutic devices - Ambulatory and ADL technologies, Ambulatory diagnostic devices - Wellness monitoring technologies, Health technology management and assessment
Abstract: An infrastructure to record, detect and label the behavioral patterns of children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) has been developed. The system incorporates 2 different sensor platforms which are wearable and static. The wearable system is based on accelerometer which detects behavioral patterns of a subject, while the static sensors are microphones and cameras which captures the sounds, images and videos of the subjects within a room. The video also provides ground truth for wearable sensor data analysis. The system labels the segment of video data upon detection of the autistic behavior. That is, it stores the time of the video when the activities are detected. Time-Frequency methods are used to extract features and Hidden Markov Model (HMM) are used for analyzing the accelerometer signal. Using these methods, we are able to achieve 91.5% of classification rate for behavioral patterns studied in this paper which is used to label and save data.
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15:05-15:20, Paper WeBT12.4 | Add to My Program |
Design of Focal Brain Cooling System for Suppressing Epileptic Seizures |
Hata, Kei | Kyoto Univ |
Fujiwara, Koichi | Kyoto Univ |
Kano, Manabu | Kyoto Univ |
Inoue, Takao | Yamaguchi Univ |
Nomura, Sadahiro | Yamaguchi Univ |
Imoto, Hirochika | Yamaguchi Univ |
Suzuki, Michiyasu | Yamaguchi Univ |
Keywords: Ambulatory Therapeutic Devices - Personalized therapeutic devices and emergency response systems
Abstract: Epilepsy is a group of diseases caused by excessive neuronal activities, and one-quarter of the patients do not become seizure-free by the existing treatments. The potential treatments include focal brain cooling, which aims to cool the region where the excessive neuronal activities begin. We are developing a focal brain cooling system. The system delivers cold saline to a cranially implanted cooling device. The outflow is cooled by a Peltier device and pumped for circulation. The Peltier device and the pump are activated only when a seizure is predicted. In this research, the length of time for cooling the brain was calculated with a computational fluid dynamics (CFD)-based model of the focal brain cooling system. As a result, it takes less than 10 minutes for the average temperature 2 mm below the cooling device to reach 25.0 ◦C. It is much shorter than the time from seizure prediction to seizure onset when an existing algorithm for prediction is used.
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15:20-15:35, Paper WeBT12.5 | Add to My Program |
Smartphone App to Investigate the Relationship between Social Connectivity and Mental Health |
Boonstra, Tjeerd W. | Univ. of New South Wales |
Werner-Seidler, Aliza | Univ. of New South Wales |
O'Dea, Bridianne | Univ. of New South Wales |
Larsen, Mark Erik | Univ. of New South Wales |
Christensen, Helen | Univ. of New South Wales |
Keywords: New sensing techniques, Mechanical sensors and systems, Integrated wearable and portable systems
Abstract: Interpersonal relationships are necessary for successful daily functioning and wellbeing. Numerous studies have demonstrated the importance of social connectivity for mental health, both through direct peer-to-peer influence and by the location of individuals within their social network. Passive monitoring using smartphones provides an advanced tool to map social networks based on the proximity between individuals. This study investigates the feasibility of using a smartphone app to measure and assess the relationship between social network metrics and mental health. The app collected Bluetooth and mental health data in 63 participants. Social networks of proximity were estimated from Bluetooth data and 95% of the edges were scanned every 30 minutes. The majority of participants found this method of data collection acceptable and reported that they would be likely to participate in future studies using this app. These findings demonstrate the feasibility of using a smartphone app that participants can install on their own phone to investigate the relationship between social connectivity and mental health.
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15:35-15:50, Paper WeBT12.6 | Add to My Program |
Design of a Compact Collimator and 3D Imaging System for a Scanning Beam Low-Energy Intraoperative Radiation Therapy System for Pancreatic Cancer |
Wears, Brennen | Univ. of Iowa |
Mohiuddin, Imran | Univ. of Iowa |
Flynn, Ryan | Univ. of Iowa |
Kim, Yusung | Department of Radiation Oncology, the Univ. of Iowa, Iowa C |
Waldron, Timothy | Univ. of Iowa |
Allen, Bryan | Univ. of Iowa |
Xia, Junyi | Univ. of Iowa |
Keywords: Medical technology - Design and development, Medical technology - Innovation
Abstract: Intraoperative radiation therapy (IORT) involves delivering high doses of radiation directly to tumors while sparing healthy tissues in a surgical setting. Current IORT systems are limited in their lack of image guidance and variable needs for shielded operating rooms. They also lack the capability to deliver non-uniform therapeutic radiation to irregular shaped clinical targets. We developed a scanning beam IORT system (SBIORT) to overcome these limitations. SBIORT consists of a low energy x-ray source, a custom compact dynamic x-ray collimator system, a robotic arm, and a 3D surface imaging module. Here we describe the design and validation of the compact dynamic x-ray collimator system and the 3D surface imaging module for use in SBIORT. The proposed collimator can achieve a leaf position accuracy of ± 0.25 mm (95% confidence interval). Phantom studies indicated the 3D surface-imaging module has an accuracy of 1.0 ± 0.6 mm with ability to obtain high resolution surface image within 5 seconds. SBIORT is a novel approach to deliver conformal intensity-modulated intraoperative radiation therapy.
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15:35-15:50, Paper WeBT12.7 | Add to My Program |
Smartphone Based Automatic Organ Validation in Ultrasound Video |
Vaish, Pallavi | Indian Inst. of Tech. Hyderabad |
Ramkrishna, Bharath | Indian Inst. of Tech. Hyderabad |
P, Rajalakshmi | Indian Inst. of Tech. Hyderabad |
Keywords: Ultrasound imaging - Other organs, Image segmentation, Image feature extraction
Abstract: Telesonography involves transmission of ultrasound video from remote areas to the doctors for getting diagnosis. Due to the lack of trained sonographers in remote areas, the ultrasound videos scanned by these untrained persons do not contain the proper information that is required by a physician. As compared to standard methods for video transmission, mHealth driven systems need to be developed for transmitting valid medical videos. To overcome this problem, we are proposing an organ validation algorithm to evaluate the ultrasound video based on the content present. This will guide the semi skilled person to acquire the representative data from patient. Advancement in smartphone technology allows us to perform high medical image processing on smartphone. In this paper we have developed an Application (APP) for a smartphone which can automatically detect the valid frames (which consist of clear organ visibility) in an ultrasound video and ignores the invalid frames (which consist of no-organ visibility), and produces a compressed sized video. This is done by extracting the GIST features from the Region of Interest (ROI) of the frame and then classifying the frame using SVM classifier with quadratic kernel. The developed application resulted with the accuracy of 94.93% in classifying valid and invalid images.
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WeBT13 Oral Session, Dunn Room |
Add to My Program |
Drug Delivery Routes, Release and Formulation |
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Chair: Taberner, Andrew | The Univ. of Auckland |
Co-Chair: Seo, Jong Mo | Seoul National Univ. School of Engineering |
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14:20-14:35, Paper WeBT13.1 | Add to My Program |
Spatial Targeting of Tumor-Associated Macrophage and Tumor Cells with a Designer Nanocarrier for Cancer Chemo-Immunotherapy |
Wang, Jun | South China Univ. of Tech |
Keywords: Micro and Nano formulation - Nanotechnology/Nanoparticles
Abstract: Chemo-immunotherapy which combines chemotherapeutics with immune-modulating agents represents an appealing approach to improving cancer therapy [1, 2]. To maximize its efficacy, differential and precise targeting of the multiple therapeutics into corresponding cells is desirable. Here we develop an immunostimulatory nanocarrier that simultaneously loads platinum (Pt)-based chemotherapeutic prodrug and BLZ-945, a small molecule inhibitor of colony stimulating factor 1 receptor (CSF-1R) of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) [3], to spatially target tumor cells and TAMs for cancer chemo-immunotherapy. The nanoparticles (denoted as BLZ-945SCNs/Pt) undergo supersensitive structure collapse through responding to tumor acidity, along with instantaneous release of BLZ-945 and Pt-prodrug conjugated small particles. The extracellularly released BLZ-945 could be taken up by TAMs, which locate preferentially in the perivascular region [4], to directly disturb CSF-1/CSF-1R signaling pathway to suppress TAMs and modulate the tumor immune microenvironment, while the released small particles carrying Pt-prodrug could penetrate deeply into bulk tumor to kill more cancer cells [5], realizing synergistic antitumor effect of chemo- and immunotherapy. Our in vivo studies demonstrate that the co-delivery nanocarrier outperforms monotherapy in varying tumor models.
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14:35-14:50, Paper WeBT13.2 | Add to My Program |
Needle-Free Small-Volume Liquid Injection System Powered by a Rotary Actuator |
zhang, aoyu | Peking Univ |
Hogan, N. Catherine | Massachusetts Inst. of Tech |
Hunter, Ian | Massachusetts Inst. of Tech |
Keywords: Drug delivery routes - Transdermal drug delivery
Abstract: Controllable jet injection could provide a fast, repeatable method for delivery of small volume, high viscosity drugs to the dermis. We have developed a compact, lightweight jet injector that uses a small commercial rotary motor and differential screw to create a jet of fluid with sufficient force to deliver drug into tissue. Clear tissue analogue and ex vivo tissue were used to demonstrate repeatable delivery of <10 μL of fluid using the device. The fluid when forced through a narrow orifice (108 μm) reaches a velocity of >250 m/s with an injection time of <3 ms.
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14:50-15:05, Paper WeBT13.3 | Add to My Program |
High Speed X-Ray Analysis of Liquid Delivery During Jet Injection |
Mckeage, James William | Auckland Bioengineering Inst |
Brennan, Kieran | The Univ. of Auckland |
Park, Geehoon | Massachusetts Inst. of Tech |
Hogan, N. Catherine | Massachusetts Inst. of Tech |
Hunter, Ian | Massachusetts Inst. of Tech |
Ruddy, Bryan | Univ. of Auckland |
Nielsen, Poul | The Univ. of Auckland |
Taberner, Andrew | The Univ. of Auckland |
Keywords: Drug delivery routes - Transdermal drug delivery
Abstract: The effect of varying velocity during jet injection on the dispersion of fluid into tissue is investigated using a custom-built X-ray imaging system. Injections are performed into ex-vivo porcine abdominal tissue using a voice coil actuated injection device. Single velocity and two-phase velocity injections reveal the complex nature of the dispersion of the fluid jet in layered tissue and highlight the effects of changing the jet velocity following the initial penetration of the liquid into the tissue.
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15:05-15:20, Paper WeBT13.4 | Add to My Program |
Nonlithographic Fabrication of Inflatable and Deflatable Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) Micro-Channels for a Magnetically Actuated Drug Delivery System |
Kim, Hyun | Seoul National Univ |
Kim, Pyojin | Seoul National Univ |
Seo, Jong Mo | Seoul National Univ. School of Engineering |
Keywords: Drug release and solubility - Controlled/Sustained/Modified release, Drug release and solubility - Dissolution/Mass transfer, Drug formulaion - Polymers
Abstract: An implantable drug delivery device with an inflatable/deflatable reservoir, a release rate controlling micro-channel, a syringe attachable inlet, a unidirectional channel preventing drug substances from flowing back into the inlet, and a magnetic polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) outlet capable of on-demand drug release was designed and fabricated to realize effective drug therapy. The reservoir is refillable through the inlet, thus the device is reusable. The device does not employ photolithography patterning. Vapor coating, a precise cutting plotter, a vinyl adhesive material, and oxygen plasma treatment were employed to fabricate the device. Drug release rate was controlled by the micro-channel connected to the reservoir. Micro-channels with widths 300μm, 400μm, 500μm and depth 95μm were tested. Drug release is executed by deflecting the magnetic membrane outlet by an external electromagnetic field generating source, a permanent magnet or a planar copper coil.
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15:20-15:35, Paper WeBT13.5 | Add to My Program |
Ampoule and Nozzle Development for Needle-Free Injections |
Liu, John | Massachusetts Inst. of Tech |
Hogan, N. Catherine | Massachusetts Inst. of Tech |
Hunter, Ian | Massachusetts Inst. of Tech |
Keywords: Drug delivery routes - Parenteral drug delivery, Drug delivery routes - Transdermal drug delivery, Drug delivery routes - Ocular drug delivery
Abstract: A rigid, compact, multi-piece ampoule has been designed and fabricated as a platform to conveniently house different nozzle inserts one at a time to offer increased jet consistency and functional flexibility. Three different nozzle geometries that respectively produce a single axial jet, radial jets, and intersecting jets are designed and fabricated. Through high-speed imaging and injection into tissue analog and ex vivo porcine tissue, these nozzles are demonstrated to have potential for a range of injection applications including intradermal, intratympanic, and traditional uses. The presented ampoule is more successful than a commercial jet injection ampoule in adhering to desired position and velocity trajectories and the energy efficiencies of jet ejections are compared.
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15:35-15:50, Paper WeBT13.6 | Add to My Program |
Nanoparticle-Based Delivery of an Anti-Proliferative Metal Chelator to Tumor Cells |
Kang, You Jung | Pennsylvania State Univ |
Kuo, Chung-Fan | Univ. of Houston |
Majd, Sheereen | Univ. of Houston |
Keywords: Micro and Nano formulation - Nanotechnology/Nanoparticles
Abstract: This paper describes the preparation and characterization of polymeric nanoparticles loaded with a potent anti-tumor metal chelator, Di-2-pyridylketone-4,4- dimethyl-3-thiosemicarbazone (Dp44mT) for delivery to cancer cells. Metal chelators have been increasingly studied for their anti-cancer properties that rely on the high demand of neoplastic cells for iron. Dp44mT has previously shown great antiproliferative characteristics in several cancers including breast cancer and melanoma. To further expand the application of this highly cytotoxic agent for cancer treatment and to enable its specific delivery to malignant cells, here we apply nano-scale particles (NPs) of biodegradable poly(lactic-co-glycolide) (PLGA) for encapsulation of Dp44mT and evaluate its effectiveness in vitro. The results demonstrated that Dp44mT was efficiently encapsulated in PLGA particles. Resulting NPs were uniform in size and shape and had good colloidal stability. Moreover, Dp44mT encapsulation in PLGA enhanced the water solubility of this agent. Lastly, the present formulation showed high level of cytotoxicity in glioma cells. Together, these results show the potential of PLGA NPs as a nano-carrier for Dp44mT with no apparent impact on the anti-tumor activity of this compound.
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WeBT14 Oral Session, Schaldach Room |
Add to My Program |
Deformable Models for Image Analysis |
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Chair: Sajib, Saurav Z K | Kyung Hee Univ |
Co-Chair: Gonzalez Ballester, Miguel Angel | Univ. Pompeu Fabra |
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14:20-14:35, Paper WeBT14.1 | Add to My Program |
Rodent Brain Extraction Using B-Spline Based Deformable Model |
Huang, Weimin | Inst. for Infocomm Res. Agency for Science Tech. A |
Ling, Chen | NTU |
Huang, Su | Inst. for Infocomm Res. A*STAR, Singapore |
Lu, Zhongkang | Inst. for Infocomm Res |
Lin, Zhiping | Nanyang Tech. Univ |
Keywords: Image segmentation, Deformable image registration, Magnetic resonance imaging - MR neuroimaging
Abstract: Accurate rodent brain extraction is one of the basic steps for many translational study using Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI). In this paper, we present a new approach to model the rodent brain variation using non-rigid B-spline image registration for the brain extraction in MRI images. We model the shape and appearance with the B-spline parameters together with a mean brain image. Followed by a method using multi-expert, we refine the brain extraction region. Compared with the image-based template model using cross-correlation, the performance for rodent brain extraction has shown much improvement on one data set while maintaining the similar yet more consistent performance for another. Both template based methods however outperform the voxel based method (3D PCNN) and a modified BET version for rodent brain extraction.
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14:35-14:50, Paper WeBT14.2 | Add to My Program |
Individual Muscle Segmentation in MR Images : A 3D Propagation through 2D Non-Linear Registration Approaches |
Ogier, Augustin | Aix Marseille Univ. CNRS, Marseille, France |
Sdika, Michaël | Creatis |
Fouré, Alexandre | Aix Marseille Univ. CNRS, CRMBM, Marseille, France |
LE TROTER, Arnaud | Aix Marseille Univ. CNRS, CRMBM, Marseille, France |
Bendahan, David | Aix Marseille Univ. CNRS, CRMBM, Marseille, France |
Keywords: Image segmentation, Deformable image registration, Magnetic resonance imaging - Other organs
Abstract: Manual and automated segmentation of individual muscles in magnetic resonance images have been recognized as challenging given the high variability of shapes between muscles and subjects and the discontinuity or lack of visible boundaries between muscles. In the present study, we proposed an original algorithm allowing a semi-automatic transversal propagation of manually-drawn masks. Our strategy was based on several ascending and descending non-linear registration approaches which is similar to the estimation of a Lagrangian trajectory applied to manual masks. Using several manually-segmented slices, we have evaluated our algorithm on the four muscles of the quadriceps femoris group. We mainly showed that our 3D propagated segmentation was very accurate with an averaged Dice similarity coefficient value higher than 0.91 for the minimal manual input of only two manually-segmented slices.
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14:50-15:05, Paper WeBT14.3 | Add to My Program |
A Novel Non-Rigid Registration Algorithm for ZebraFish Larval Images |
Ghosal, Sayan | Jadavpur Univ |
Banerjee, Soumava | Jadavpur Univ |
Tiso, Natascia | Univ. of Padova |
Grisan, Enrico | Univ. of Padova |
Chowdhury, Ananda | Jadavpur Univ |
Keywords: Deformable image registration, Optical imaging - Confocal microscopy
Abstract: Precise three-dimensional mapping of a large number of gene expression patterns, neuronal types and connections to an anatomical reference helps us to understand the vertebrate brain and its development. Zebrafish has evolved as a model organism for such study. In this paper, we propose a novel non-rigid registration algorithm for volumetric zebrafish larval image datasets. A coarse affine registration using the LBFGS algorithm is applied first on the moving dataset. We then divide this coarsely registered moving image and the reference image into a union of overlapping patches. Minimum weight bipartite graph matching algorithm is employed to find the correspondence between the two sets of patches. The corresponding patches are then registered using the diffeomorphic demons method with proper intra-patch regularization. For each voxel lying in the overlapping regions, we impose inter-patch regularization through a composite transformation obtained from the adjacent transformation fields. Experimental results on four multi-view confocal 3D datasets show the advantage of the proposed solution over the existing ViBE-Z software.
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15:05-15:20, Paper WeBT14.4 | Add to My Program |
Parallel Implementation of a Nonrigid Image Registration Algorithm for Lung Tumor Boundary Tracking in Quasi Real-Time MRI |
Tahmasebi, Nazanin | Univ. of Alberta |
Boulanger, Pierre | Univ. of Alberta |
Punithakumar, Kumaradevan | Univ. of Alberta |
Keywords: Deformable image registration, Magnetic resonance imaging - Contrast-enhanced dynamic MRI
Abstract: This study presents an accelerated implementation of a two-dimensional moving mesh point correspondence algorithm using a GPU for tracking mobile tumor boundaries during radiation therapy. Normal CPU implementation of this algorithm is computationally intensive and time-consuming which limits its clinical utility, hence the need for a faster GPU implementation. One of the computationally intensive parts of the registration algorithm involves numerically solving a partial differential equation. In this paper we demonstrate that the computational performance of the algorithms can be improved by utilizing a shared memory implementation on the GPU. Evaluations in comparison to 600 manually drawn contours showed that the proposed GPU-based tracking of the tumor boundaries yielded similar level of accuracy as the CPU based approach with improved computational efficiency.
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15:20-15:35, Paper WeBT14.5 | Add to My Program |
Characterization of Single Cell Dynamic Morphology by Local Deformation Pattern Modeling |
Li, Heng | Beijing Inst. of Tech |
Liu, Zhiwen | Beijing Inst. of Tech |
Pang, Fengqian | Beijing Inst. of Tech |
Shi, Yonggang | Beijing Inst. of Tech |
Keywords: Image classification, Image feature extraction, Multivariate image analysis
Abstract: Computational analysis of cell dynamic morphology in time-lapse images has become a new topic of biomedical research. For single cell, it is a challenging task to consider the spatial inconsistency and the temporal accumulation of cell deformation. This paper introduces an innovative automate analysis method, in which temporal features of contour point deformation are captured and then local deformation pattern is modeled to characterize cell dynamic morphology and predict cell activation statue. We applied the method to classify lymphocyte videos of multiple groups. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method overcomes existing methods in accuracy and robustness.
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15:35-15:50, Paper WeBT14.6 | Add to My Program |
A Statistical Shape Model of the Skull Developed from a South African Population |
lugadilu, brian ingasia | Univ. of Capetown |
Richards, craig | Univ. of Capetown |
reyneke, corius | Univ. of Capetown |
Douglas, Tania S | Univ. of Cape Town |
Mutsvangwa, Tinashe Ernest Muzvidzwa | Univ. of Cape Town |
Keywords: Deformable image registration, Image segmentation
Abstract: This paper discusses the development of a statistical shape model (SSM) of the skull from a South African population. A total of 16 skulls is used together with a reference from the Basel Face Model. A free-form deformation model is built using the reference model and the squared exponential kernel. The freeform model is used to establish dense correspondence across the skull sample and the in-correspondence skulls are then used to build an SSM. The validity of the SSM is assessed using the leave-one out cross-validation method with its generality ranging between 1.47 mm and 1.84 mm and, the specificity ranging between 1.74 mm and 2.11 mm.
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WeBT15 Oral Session, Webster Room |
Add to My Program |
Pulmonary Systems |
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Chair: Heldt, Thomas | Massachusetts Inst. of Tech |
Co-Chair: Jané, Raimon | Inst. De Bioenginyeria De Catalunya (IBEC) |
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14:20-14:35, Paper WeBT15.1 | Add to My Program |
Investigating the Effect of Cardiac Oscillations and Deadspace Gas Mixing During Apnea Using Computer Simulation |
Laviola, Marianna | Univ. of Nottingham |
Das, Anup | Univ. of Warwick |
Chikhani, Marc | Univ. of Nottingham |
Bates, Declan Gerard | Univ. of Warwick |
Hardman, Jonathan G. | Univ. of Nottingham |
Keywords: Cardiovascular and respiratory system modeling - Gas exchange models, Pulmonary and critical care - Bioengineering applications in Intensive care, Cardiovascular and respiratory system modeling - Cardiovascular-Respiratory Interactions
Abstract: Gaseous mixing in the anatomical deadspace with stimulation of respiratory ventilation through cardiogenic oscillations is an important physiological mechanism at the onset of apnea, which has been credited with various beneficial effects, e.g. reduction of hypercapnia during the use of low flow ventilation techniques. In this paper, a novel method is proposed to investigate the effect of these mechanisms in silico. An existing computational model of cardio-pulmonary physiology is extended to include the apneic state, gas mixing within the anatomical deadspace, insufflation into the trachea and cardiogenic oscillations. The new model is validated against data published in an experimental animal (dog) study that reported an increase in arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PaCO2) during apnea. Computational simulations confirm that the model outputs accurately reproduce the available experimental data. This new model can be used to investigate the physiological mechanisms underlying clearance of carbon dioxide during apnea, and hence to develop more effective ventilation strategies for apneic patients.
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14:35-14:50, Paper WeBT15.2 | Add to My Program |
Evaluation of Indirect Measures of Neural Inspiratory Time from Invasive and Noninvasive Recordings of Respiratory Activity |
García-Castellote, Daniel | Univ. Pol. De Catalunya |
Torres, Abel | Inst. for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC) - BarcelonaTech |
Estrada, Luis | Inst. De Bioenginyeria De Catalunya |
Sarlabous, Leonardo | Inst. for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC) |
Jané, Raimon | Inst. De Bioenginyeria De Catalunya (IBEC) |
Keywords: Cardiovascular and respiratory signal processing - Cardiovascular signal processing
Abstract: Measuring diaphragmatic electromyography (EMGdi) provides an indirect quantification of neural respiratory drive and allows the delimitation of diaphragm neural activation and deactivation during inspiration. EMGdi recordings have been incorporated in novel modes of assisted mechanical ventilation, such as neurally adjusted ventilatory assist (NAVA), to trigger and cycle-off the ventilator. The EMGdi signal improves the assistance delivered by more conventional ventilatory modes, in which the ventilator is synchronized with the patient employing a pneumatic triggering. In this work, we evaluate the time delay between the onset and offset of inspiratory activity estimated from EMGdi and three respiratory mechanical signals: the respiratory flow (FL), the transdiaphragmatic pressure (Pdi) and the diaphragm length (Ldi) signals. To this purpose, these signals were acquired in three mongrel dogs surgically instrumented under general anesthesia. Onsets and offsets were estimated manually and by automatic algorithms on these signals. The highest delays were obtained between EMGdi and FL (100 ms) while the lowest delays were obtained between EMGdi and Pdi (8 ms). Moreover, differences between manual and automatic estimations showed a mean absolute error lower than 45 ms. In conclusion, our study points out that both EMGdi and Pdi signals detect the onset and offset of inspiratory activity earlier than the FL signal, and would therefore be better for the improvement of patient-ventilator synchrony.
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14:50-15:05, Paper WeBT15.3 | Add to My Program |
Statistical Analysis of the Age Dependence of the Normal Capnogram |
Mieloszyk, Rebecca | Philips Healthcare, Univ. of Washington |
Krauss, Baruch | Harvard Medical School |
Montagu, Diana | Tufts Univ. School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA |
Andolfatto, Gary | Univ. of British Columbia, Lions Gate Hospital |
Barbi, Egidio | IRCCS Burlo Garofolo Children's Hospital, Trieste |
Verghese, George | Massachusetts Inst. of Tech |
Heldt, Thomas | Massachusetts Inst. of Tech |
Keywords: Pulmonary and critical care - Bioengineering applications in Intensive care, Pulmonary and critical care - Pulmonary function testing & instrumentation, Respiratory transport, mechanics and control - Respiratory variability
Abstract: The age dependence of the time-based capnogram from normal, healthy subjects has not been quantitatively characterized. The existence of age dependence would impact the development and operation of automated quantitative capnographic tools. Here, we quantitatively assess the relationship between normal capnogram shape and age. Capnograms were collected from healthy subjects, and physiologically-based features (exhalation duration, end-tidal CO2 and time spent at this value, normalized time spent at end-tidal CO2, end-exhalation slope, and instantaneous respiratory rate) were computationally extracted. The mean values of the individual features over 30 exhalations were linearly regressed against subject age, accounting for inter-feature correlation. After data collection, 154 of 178 subjects were eligible for analysis, with an age range of 3–78 years (mean age 39, std. dev. 20 years). The Bonferroni-corrected joint 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of the regression line slopes contained the origin for five of six features (the remaining CI was only slightly offset from the origin). The associated individual r2 values for the regressions were all below 0.07. We conclude that age is not a significant explanatory factor in describing variations in the shape of the normal capnogram. This finding could be exploited in the design of automated methods for quantitative capnogram analysis across a range of ages.
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15:05-15:20, Paper WeBT15.4 | Add to My Program |
Imaging of Regional Air Distributions in Porcine Lungs Using High Performance Electrical Impedance Tomography System |
Jang, Geuk Young | Department of Biomedical Engineering, Graduate School, Kyung Hee |
Kim, Young-Bok | Kyung-Hee Univ. IIRC |
Wi, Hun | KyungHee Univ |
OH, TONG IN | Kyunghee Univ |
Chi Ryang, Chung | Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan Univ. School of Medici |
Suh, Gee Young | Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan Univ. School of Medici |
Woo, Eung Je | Kyung Hee Univ |
Keywords: Pulmonary and critical care - Bioengineering applications in Intensive care, Pulmonary and critical care - Ventilatory Assist Devices
Abstract: Electrical impedance tomography (EIT) allows functional imaging of regional lung ventilation for real-time bedside monitoring of mechanically ventilated patients. Images showing time-changes of regional air distributions in the lungs can provide valuable diagnostic information for lung protective mechanical ventilation. This paper reports in vivo porcine imaging experiments of regional lung ventilation using a 16-channel parallel EIT system. Real-time time-difference chest images of 10 animals were reconstructed during mechanical ventilations with a temporal resolution of 50 frame/s. Analyzing the images together with the airway volume-pressure information from the mechanical ventilator, we could successfully produce regional compliance images at PEEP (positive end expiratory pressure) titration. From in vivo animal experiments, we propose the method as a continuous monitoring means for LPV (lung protective ventilation).
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15:20-15:35, Paper WeBT15.5 | Add to My Program |
Monitoring of Cardiac Output and Lung Ventilation by Electrical Impedance Tomography in a Porcine Model of Acute Lung Injury |
Hochhausen, Nadine | RWTH Aachen Univ. Section Medical Tech. at the Depart |
Dohmeier, Henriette | RWTH Aachen Univ. Section Medical Tech. at the Depart |
Rossaint, Rolf | RWTH Aachen Univ. Department of Anesthesiology |
Czaplik, Michael | Univ. Hospital RWTH Aachen |
Keywords: Pulmonary and critical care - Bioengineering applications in Intensive care, Pulmonary and critical care - Pulmonary disease
Abstract: Abstract—Adequate medical treatment of the Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome is still challenging since patient-individual aspects have to be taken into account. Lung protective ventilation and hemodynamic stability have always been two of the most crucial aims of intensive care therapy. For both aspects, a continuous – preferably non-invasive – monitoring is desirable that is available at the bedside. Unfortunately, there is no technique clinically established yet, that provides both measurement of cardiac stroke volume and ventilation dynamics in real-time. Electrical Impedance Tomography (EIT) is a promising technique to close this gap. The aim of the study was to investigate if stroke volume can be estimated by a self-developed software using EIT-based image analysis. In addition, two EIT-derived parameters, namely Global Inhomogeneity Index (GII) and Impedance Ratio (IR), were calculated to evaluate homogeneity of air distribution. Experimental acute lung injury (ALI) was provoked in seven female pigs (German Landrace) by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). All animals suffered from experimental ALI 3 to 4 hours after LPS infusion. At defined time points, respiratory and hemodynamic parameters, blood gas analyses and EIT- recordings were performed. Eight hours after ALI, animals were euthanized. Stroke volume, derived from pulmonary artery catheter (PAC), decreased continuously up to four hours after ALI. Then, stroke volume increased slightly. Stroke volume, derived from the self-developed tool, showed the same characteristics (p=0.047, r = 0.365). In addition to the GII and IR individually, both classified scores showed a high correlation with the Horowitz Index, defined as paO2/FiO2. To conclude, EIT-derived measures enabled a reliable estimation of cardiac stroke volume and regional distribution of ventilation.
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WeBT16 Oral Session, Rushmer Room |
Add to My Program |
Retinal Imaging I |
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Chair: zhou, Qifa | Univ. of Southern California |
Co-Chair: Chan, Kevin C. | New York Univ |
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14:20-14:35, Paper WeBT16.1 | Add to My Program |
A Novel Method for Segmentation of Infrared Scanning Laser Ophthalmoscope (ir-Slo) Images of Retina |
Ajaz, Aqsa | RMIT Univ |
Aliahmad, Behzad | RMIT Univ |
Kant Kumar, Dinesh | RMIT Univ |
Keywords: Retinal vascular imaging, Retinal imaging, Image feature extraction
Abstract: Retinal vessel segmentation forms an essential element of automatic retinal disease screening systems. The development of multimodal imaging system with IR-SLO and OCT could help in studying the early stages of retinal disease. The advantages of IR-SLO to examine the alterations in the structure of retina and direct correlation with OCT can be useful for assessment of various diseases. This paper presents an automatic method for segmentation of IR-SLO fundus images based on the combination of morphological filters and image enhancement techniques. As a first step, the retinal vessels are contrasted using morphological filters followed by background exclusion using Contrast Limited Adaptive Histogram Equalization (CLAHE) and Bilateral filtering. The final segmentation is obtained by using Isodata technique. Our approach was tested on a set of 26 IR-SLO images and results were compared to two set of gold standard images. The performance of the proposed method was evaluated in terms of sensitivity, specificity and accuracy. The system has an average accuracy of 0.90 for both the sets.
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14:35-14:50, Paper WeBT16.2 | Add to My Program |
A Fluid-Dynamic Based Approach to Reconnect the Retinal Vessels in Fundus Photography |
Calivà, Francesco | Univ. of Lincoln |
Hunter, Andrew | Univ. of Lincoln |
Chudzik, Piotr | Univ. of Lincoln |
Ometto, Giovanni | Aarhus Univ. Hospital |
Antiga, Luca | Orobix Srl |
Al-Diri, Bashir | The Univ. of Lincoln |
Keywords: Retinal vascular imaging, Retinal imaging
Abstract: This paper introduces the use of fluid-dynamic modeling to determine the connectivity of overlapping venous and arterial vessels in fundus images. Analysis of the retinal vascular network may provide information related to systemic and local disorders. However, the automated identification of the vascular trees in retinal images is a challenging task due to the low signal-to-noise ratio, nonuniform illumination and the fact that fundus photography is a projection on to the imaging plane of three-dimensional retinal tissue. A zero-dimensional model was created to estimate the hemodynamic status of candidate tree configurations. Simulated annealing was used to search for an optimal configuration. Experimental results indicate that simulated annealing was very efficient on test cases that range from small to medium size networks, while ineffective on large networks. Although for large networks the nonconvexity of the cost function and the large solution space made searching for the optimal solution difficult, the accuracy (average success rate = 98.35%), and simplicity of our novel approach demonstrate its potential effectiveness in segmenting retinal vascular trees.
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14:50-15:05, Paper WeBT16.3 | Add to My Program |
Vessel Extraction in Retinal Images Using Automatic Thresholding and Gabor Wavelet |
Ali, Aziah | Univ. Kebangsaan Malaysia |
Hussain, aini | Univ. Kebangsaan Malaysia |
Wan Zaki, Wan Mimi Diyana | Univ. Kebangsaan Malaysia |
Keywords: Retinal imaging, Image segmentation, Image feature extraction
Abstract: Retinal image analysis has been widely used for early detection and diagnosis of multiple systemic diseases. Accurate vessel extraction in retinal image is a crucial step towards a fully automated diagnosis system. This work affords an efficient unsupervised method for extracting blood vessels from retinal images using Gabor Wavelet (GW) with automatic thresholding. Green channel image is extracted from color retinal image and used to produce Gabor feature image using GW. Both green channel image and Gabor feature image undergo vessel-enhancement step in order to highlight blood vessels. Next, the two vessel-enhanced images are transformed to binary images using automatic thresholding before combined to produce the final vessel output. Combining the images results in significant improvement of blood vessel extraction performance compared to using individual image. Effectiveness of the proposed method was proven via comparative analysis with existing methods validated using publicly available database, DRIVE.
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15:05-15:20, Paper WeBT16.4 | Add to My Program |
A New Two-Dimensional Matched Filter Based on the Modified Chebyshev Type I Function for Retinal Vessels Detection |
Dharmawan, Dhimas Arief | Nanyang Tech. Univ |
Ng, Boon Poh | Nanyang Tech. Univ |
Keywords: Retinal vascular imaging, Image segmentation
Abstract: Retinal vessel segmentation takes a significant part in an automated diabetic retinopathy screening task. However, this can be a challenging job because of the low contrast retinal images and the presences of retinal pathologies. Hence, in this paper, we propose a novel matched filter based on the modified Chebyshev type I function for retinal blood vessels candidates detection. The proposed method is combined with the pre-processing and the post-processing phases to have a complete retinal vessel segmentation scheme. The retinal images from the DRIVE and STARE databases, which are equipped with the ground truths are used to evaluate our proposed method in the segmentation scheme. Using our method, the achieved average levels of sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy are 0.756, 0.973, and 0.954, for the DRIVE database, and 0.731, 0.972, and 0.953, for the STARE database, being better than other presented methods. The high results indicate that our method is reliable to be used in an automated detection tool for diabetic retinopathy.
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15:20-15:35, Paper WeBT16.5 | Add to My Program |
Retinal Biometrics Based on Iterative Closest Point Algorithm |
Hatanaka, Yuji | Univ. of Shiga Prefecture |
Tajima, Mikiya | Univ. of Shiga Prefecture |
Kawasaki, Ryo | Yamagata Univ |
Saito, Koko | Shinoda General Hospital |
Ogohara, Kazunori | Univ. of Shiga Prefecture |
Muramatsu, Chisako | Gifu Univ |
Sunayama, Wataru | The Univ. of Shiga Prefecture |
Fujita, Hiroshi | Gifu Univ |
Keywords: Retinal vascular imaging, Retinal imaging
Abstract: The pattern of blood vessels in the eye is unique to each person because it rarely changes over time. Therefore, it is well known that retinal blood vessels are useful for biometrics. This paper describes a biometrics method using the Jaccard similarity coefficient (JSC) based on blood vessel regions in retinal image pairs. The retinal image pairs were rough matched by the center of their optic discs. Moreover, the image pairs were aligned using the Iterative Closest Point algorithm based on detailed blood vessel skeletons. For registration, perspective transform was applied to the retinal images. Finally, the pairs were classified as either correct or incorrect using the JSC of the blood vessel region in the image pairs. The proposed method was applied to temporal retinal images, which were obtained in 2009 (695 images) and 2013 (87 images). The 87 images acquired in 2013 were all from persons already examined in 2009. The accuracy of the proposed method reached 100%.
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15:35-15:50, Paper WeBT16.6 | Add to My Program |
An Experimental Evaluation of the Accuracy of Keypoints-Based Retinal Image Registration |
Hernandez-Matas, Carlos | FORTH |
Zabulis, Xenophon | Foundation for Res. & Tech |
Argyros, Antonis | Univ. of Crete |
Keywords: Retinal imaging, Deformable image registration
Abstract: This work regards an investigation of the accuracy of a state-of-the-art, keypoint-based retinal image registration approach, as to the type of keypoint features used to guide the registration process. The employed registration approach is a local method that incorporates the notion of a 3D retinal surface imaged from different viewpoints and has been shown, experimentally, to be more accurate than competing approaches. The correspondences obtained between SIFT, SURF, Harris-PIIFD and vessel bifurcations are studied, either individually or in combinations. The combination of SIFT features with vessel bifurcations was found to perform better than other combinations or any individual feature type, alone. The registration approach is also comparatively evaluated against representative methods of the state-of-the-art in retinal image registration, using a benchmark dataset that covers a broad range of cases regarding the overlap of the acquired images and the anatomical characteristics of the imaged retinas.
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WeCT1 |
Roentgen Hall |
Ignite Session W-01 |
Ignite Session |
Chair: Kim, Su Kyoung | German Res. Center for Artificial Intelligence (DFKI) GmbH |
Co-Chair: Im, Chang-Hwan | Hanyang Univ | |
16:10-16:26, Subsession WeCT1-01, Roentgen Hall | |
Myographic signal analysis I Poster Session, 8 papers |
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16:10-16:20, Subsession WeCT1-02, Roentgen Hall | |
Neural signal analysis I Poster Session, 6 papers |
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16:10-16:24, Subsession WeCT1-03, Roentgen Hall | |
Signal pattern classification - Cardiovascular signals II Poster Session, 7 papers |
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16:10-16:24, Subsession WeCT1-04, Roentgen Hall | |
Signal pattern classification - EEG II Poster Session, 7 papers |
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WeCT1-01 Poster Session, Roentgen Hall |
Add to My Program |
Myographic Signal Analysis I |
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16:10-16:12, Paper WeCT1-01.1 | Add to My Program |
Design of Semg-Detecting Circuit for EMG-Bridge |
Chen, XiaoBin | Southeast Univ |
Zhou, Yuxuan | School of Basic Medical Science, Nanjing Medical Univ |
Wang, Haipeng | Southeast Univ. Inst. of RF & OE-ICs |
Lü, Xiaoying | Southeast Univ |
Wang, Zhigong | Southeast Univ |
Keywords: Physiological systems modeling - Signal processing in physiological systems
Abstract: A surface electromyography (sEMG) signal typically results from the electrical activities of many muscle fibers, and can be utilized as a signal source in prostheses due to its abundance of movement information. This paper proposes an sEMG--detection circuit for the acquisition of the controlling signal in EMG-Bridge (EMGB) systems. The detection circuit mainly comprises a preamplifier, a driven right leg (DRL) circuit, a high-pass filter (HPF), a low-pass filter (LPF), and a gain adjustable amplifying circuit. The common-mode rejection ratio (CMRR) of the circuit is higher than 120 dB, the input impedance is greater than 100 MΩ, the passband range is 20~450 Hz, and the frequency attenuation in stopband is not less than 120dB/dec.
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16:12-16:14, Paper WeCT1-01.2 | Add to My Program |
The Effect of the Preparation Instruction on the Functional Connectivity between Forearm Muscles During Movement’s Initiation |
saidane, yosra | SUP'COM |
Ben Jebara, Sofia | SUP'COM |
Keywords: Physiological systems modeling - Signals and systems, Physiological systems modeling - Signal processing in simulation, Physiological systems modeling - Signal processing in physiological systems
Abstract: This study investigates the effect of preparation warning on the functional connectivity between forearm muscles during movement’s initiation. The Normalized Mutual Information (NMI) is the used indicator. It is calculated for muscle pairs activated during a handgrip exercice. They are innervated by the same nerve or by different nerves. Results show that: i) NMI is more important when muscles pairs are stimulated by the same nerve during both preparation and motor activities. ii) NMI is higher during preparation comparing to motor activity. iii) The functional connectivity during contraction’s beginning increases when a preparation warning is given. We conclude that muscles put together their effort to initiate the movement especially when participants prepare in advance their activity.
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16:14-16:16, Paper WeCT1-01.3 | Add to My Program |
Semg Feature Selection and Classification Using SVM-RFE |
Tosin, Maurício C | UFRGS |
Majolo, Mariano | UFRGS |
Chedid, Raissan | UFRGS |
Cene, Vinicius H. | UFRGS |
Favieiro, Gabriela Winkler | Federal Univ. of Rio Grande Do Sul (UFRGS) |
Balbinot, Alexandre | Federal Univ. of Rio Grande Do Sul (UFRGS) |
Keywords: Signal pattern classification, Data mining and processing - Pattern recognition, Principal and independent component analysis - Blind source separation
Abstract: It is challenging to obtain good results for hand movements classification. Previous studies expended efforts on filters for sEMG data, feature extraction and classifier algorithms to achieve the best results. This paper proposes the insertion of a step in the classification process that selects which features to use in training aiming to increase accuracy and performance. Feature selection was previously used in other classification tasks but is new in wrist/fingers movements classification. Obtained results were positives as the performance gain is huge (39 to 53 features out of 144 are used for classification) and accuracy reach promising values (above 90% for some subjects).
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16:16-16:18, Paper WeCT1-01.4 | Add to My Program |
EMG-Based Energy Expenditure Optimization for Active Prosthetic Leg Tuning |
atri, roozbeh | Florida International Univ |
Marquez, Juan S. | Florida International Univ |
Bai, Ou | Florida International Univ |
Keywords: Physiological systems modeling - Signal processing in physiological systems, Time-frequency and time-scale analysis - Time-frequency analysis, Nonlinear dynamic analysis - Biomedical signals
Abstract: In recent years, active prosthetic legs have been developed and deployed commercially that help amputees to initiate gait with less effort and more symmetry in the pattern. However, the process of initial set up and tuning is highly time and cost consuming. It requires prosthetic experts to observe the gait and the feedback from amputees to manually tune the parameters subjectively. In this study, an electromyography (EMG)-based energy expenditure optimization method was presented to automatically tune the prosthetic limb. For this purpose, a wide variety of lower body muscles were observed and the energy expenditure was modeled based on their electrical activity. The tuning optimization was implemented based on a grid-searching protocol designed in this study. This method resulted in a power value comparable to manual tuning, which provided enough force to facilitate gait for amputees. This study shows the feasibility of automatic tuning and removal of the need for referral to an expert.
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16:18-16:20, Paper WeCT1-01.5 | Add to My Program |
Muscle Fatigue Assessment through Electrodermal Activity Analysis During Isometric Contraction |
Greco, Alberto | Univ. of Pisa |
Guidi, Andrea | Univ. of Pisa |
Felici, Federica | Istituto Italiano Di Tecnologia |
Leo, Andrea | IMT School for Advanced Studies |
Ricciardi, Emiliano | Univ. of Pisa |
Bianchi, Matteo | Univ. of Pisa |
Bicchi, Antonio | Univ. of Pisa |
Citi, Luca | Univ. of Essex |
Valenza, Gaetano | Univ. of Pisa |
Scilingo, Enzo Pasquale | Univ. of Pisa |
Keywords: Physiological systems modeling - Signal processing in physiological systems, Signal pattern classification
Abstract: We studied the effects of muscle fatigue on the Autonomic Nervous System (ANS) dynamics. Specifically, we monitored the electrodermal activity (EDA) on 32 healthy subjects performing isometric biceps contraction. As assessed by means of an electromyography (EMG) analysis, 15 subjects showed muscle fatigue and 17 did not. EDA signals were analyzed using the recently proposed cvxEDA model in order to decompose them into their phasic and tonic components and extract effective features to study ANS dynamics. A statistical comparison between the two groups of subjects was performed. Results revealed that relevant phasic EDA features significantly increased in the fatigued group. Moreover, a pattern recognition system was applied to the EDA dataset in order to automatically discriminate between fatigued and non-fatigued subjects. The proposed leave-one-subject-out KNN classifier showed an accuracy of 75.69%. These results suggest the use of EDA as correlate of muscle fatigue, providing integrative information to the standard indices extracted from the EMG signals.
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16:20-16:22, Paper WeCT1-01.6 | Add to My Program |
Consistency of Surface Electromyography Assessment at Lower Limb Selected Muscles During Vertical Countermovement |
Rodrigues, Carlos M. B. | INESCTEC - Tech. & Science Associate Lab |
Correia, Miguel | Univ. Do Porto, Faculdade De Engenharia |
Abrantes, João M. C. S. | MovLab - ULHT |
Rodrigues, Marco Aurélio Benedetti | Federal Univ. of Pernambuco |
Nadal, Jurandir | Federal Univ. of Rio De Janeiro |
Keywords: Principal component analysis, Coupling and synchronization - Coherence in biomedical signal processing, Partial and total coherence
Abstract: Isolated isometric, concentric and eccentric forms of muscle action (MA) have been receiving the most attention. Nevertheless natural MA frequently involves the use of a preceding eccentric MA as a form of potentiation of immediate concentric MA, in what is designated as muscle stretch-shortening cycle (SSC). The most frequently applied protocols for the evaluation of SSC on vertical jumps are by virtue of their reproducibility and control of experimental conditions, squat jump (SJ) without countermovement (CM), countermovement jump (CMJ) with long CM and drop jump (DJ) with short CM. The methods used to extract information and relationship of the captured signals present a high diversity, with the question about the consistency of the methods and obtained results. The objective of this study is to evaluate the consistency of the analysis and results by applying different EMGs signal analysis techniques related to strategic muscle groups of the lower limbs at different CM evaluated in vertical jumps. Raw sEMG signals of 5 lower limb muscles of 6 subjects, captured at 1000 Hz during SJ, CMJ and DJ were rectified, filtered and obtained their envelope, and then correlated (CR) for detection of synergistic, agonist and antagonist activity, applied principal component analysis (PCA) for the detection of uncorrelated components explaining maximum variability and normalized cross-correlation (CCRN) for detection of maximum correlations and time lag. CR of EMG envelopes presented higher coactivities (CoA) in DJ relative to SJ and these CoA superior to CMJ with greater synergy in DJ relative to SJ and CMJ that present several loop cycles corresponding to time lag of activity. CCRN of the EMG envelopes presented also higher CoA in DJ when compared to SJ and both higher CoA to CMJ. PCA allowed to detect a principal component (PC) explaining 92.2% DJ EMG variability, 90.6% SJ and 78.7% CMJ, with 2nd PC explaining 4.9% DJ, 6.7% SJ and 15.3% CMJ variability.
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16:22-16:24, Paper WeCT1-01.7 | Add to My Program |
Increasing the Robustness against Force Variation in EMG Motion Classification by Common Spatial Patterns |
Li, Xiangxin | Shenzhen Inst. of Advanced Tech. Acad. of Sc |
Fang, Peng | Shenzhen Inst. of Advanced Tech. Chinese Acad. of S |
Tian, Lan | Shenzhen Inst. of Advanced Tech. Chinese Acad. Of |
Li, Guanglin | Shenzhen Inst. of Advanced Tech |
Keywords: Signal pattern classification, Nonlinear dynamic analysis - Biomedical signals, Data mining and processing - Pattern recognition
Abstract: In the practical use of an electromyography (EMG) pattern-recognition based myoelectric prosthesis, the variation of force levels to do a motion would be inevitable, which will cause a change of EMG patterns. Therefore, the force variation will decay the performance of a trained classifier. In this study, the common spatial pattern (CSP) method was proposed with an attempt to improve the robustness of EMG-PR based classifier against force variation. The EMG signals were acquired from three able-bodied subjects when they were performing the motions at low, medium, and high force levels, respectively. And in the pattern recognition, CSP features were extracted from the EMG signals for motion classification. By comparing the classification accuracies between the CSP and the commonly used time-domain (TD) features, the CSP features showed a better robustness against force variation with an increment of 5.3% of the average classification accuracy. Especially, the classification accuracy of a classifier was 84.2% when tested at low force level by using CSP features, which was 18.5% higher than that of the TD features. These preliminary results suggest that using CSP features may increase the robustness of EMG-based myoelectric control.
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16:24-16:26, Paper WeCT1-01.8 | Add to My Program |
Capacitively Coupled EMG Detection Via Ultra-Low-Power Microcontroller STFT |
Roland, Theresa | Johannes Kepler Univ. Linz |
Baumgartner, Werner | Johannes Kepler Univ. Linz |
Amsuess, Sebastian | Univ. Medical Center, Georg August Univ. Goettingen |
Russold, Michael | Otto Bock Healthcare Products GmbH |
Keywords: Signal pattern classification
Abstract: As motion artefacts are a major problem with electromyography sensors, a new algorithm is developed to differentiate artefacts to contraction EMG. The performance of myoelectric prosthesis is increased with this algorithm. The implementation is done for an ultra-low-power microcontroller with limited calculation resources and memory. The Short Time Fourier Transformation is used to enable real-time application. The sum of the differences (SOD) of the currently measured EMG to a reference contraction EMG is calculated. The SOD is a new parameter introduced for EMG classification. The satisfactory error rates are determined by measurements done with the capacitively coupling EMG prototype, recently developed by the research group.
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WeCT1-02 Poster Session, Roentgen Hall |
Add to My Program |
Neural Signal Analysis I |
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16:10-16:12, Paper WeCT1-02.1 | Add to My Program |
Personalized Features for Attention Detection in Children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder |
fahimi, fatemeh | Nanyang Tech. Univ |
Guan, Cuntai | Nanyang Tech. Univ |
Goh, Wooi Boon | Nanyang Tech. Univ |
Ang, Kai Keng | Inst. for Infocomm Res |
lim, choon guan | Inst. of Mental Health |
Lee, Tih Shih | Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School |
Keywords: Signal pattern classification
Abstract: Measuring attention from electroencephalogram (EEG) has found applications in the treatment of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). It is of great interest to understand what features in EEG are most representative of attention. Intensive research has been done in the past and it has been proven that frequency band powers and their ratios are effective features in detecting attention. However, there are still unanswered questions, like, what features in EEG are most discriminative between attentive and non-attentive states? Are these features common among all subjects or are they subject-specific and must be optimized for each subject? Using Mutual Information (MI) to perform subject-specific feature selection on a large data set including 120 ADHD children, we found that besides theta beta ratio (TBR) which is commonly used in attention detection and neurofeedback, the relative beta power and theta/(alpha+beta) (TBAR) are also equally significant and informative for attention detection. Interestingly, we found that the relative theta power (which is also commonly used) may not have sufficient discriminative information itself (it is informative only for 3.26% of ADHD children). We have also demonstrated that although these features (relative beta power, TBR and TBAR) are the most important measures to detect attention on average, different subjects have different set of most discriminative features.
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16:12-16:14, Paper WeCT1-02.2 | Add to My Program |
Modular Framework for Detection of Inter-Ictal Spikes in Ieeg |
Kesner, Filip | Faculty of Information Tech. Brno Univ. of Tech |
Sekanina, Lukas | Faculty of Information Tech. Brno Univ. of Tech |
Brazdil, Milan | Masaryk Univ. Brno |
Keywords: Physiological systems modeling - Signal processing in physiological systems, Signal pattern classification, Neural networks and support vector machines in biosignal processing and classification
Abstract: In this paper, we present a new modular approach for detection of inter-ictal spikes in intracranial iEEG recordings from patients that are suffering from pharmaco-resistant form of epilepsy. This new approach is presented in the form of a detection framework consisting of three primary modules: first level detector, second level feature extractor, and third level detection classifier, where each module is responsible for a specific functionality. This detection framework can be perceived as a three slot system, where modules can be easily plugged in their slots and replaced by a different module or implementation on demand, in order to adapt the quality of detection (measured in terms of sensitivity, precision or inter-recording adaptability) and computational cost. Using complex real-world data sets it was confirmed that the proposed framework provides highly sensitive and precise detection, while it also significantly reduces the computation time.
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16:14-16:16, Paper WeCT1-02.3 | Add to My Program |
Bispectral Analysis of Spontaneous EEG Activity from Patients with Moderate Dementia Due to Alzheimer's Disease |
Gomez, Carlos | Univ. of Valladolid, CIF: Q4718001C |
Vaquerizo-Villar, Fernando | Biomedical Engineering Group, Univ. of Valladolid |
Poza, Jesus | Univ. of Valladolid |
Ruiz, Saúl J. | Biomedical Engineering Group, Univ. of Valladolid |
Tola-Arribas, Miguel A. | Department of Neurology, Hospital Univ. Río Hortega |
Cano, Mónica | Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Hospital Univ. R |
Hornero, Roberto | Univ. of Valladolid |
Keywords: Physiological systems modeling - Signal processing in physiological systems, Coupling and synchronization - Nonlinear coupling, Nonlinear dynamic analysis - Biomedical signals
Abstract: Dementia due to Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a common disorder with a great impact on the patients’ quality of life. The aim of this pilot study is to characterize spontaneous electroencephalography (EEG) activity in dementia due to AD using bispectral analysis. Five minutes of EEG activity were recorded from 17 patients with moderate dementia due to AD and 19 age-matched controls. Bispectrum results revealed that AD patients are characterized by an increase of phase coupling at low frequencies in comparison with controls. Additionally, some bispectral features calculated from the bispectrum showed significant differences between both groups (p < 0.05, Mann-Whitney U test with Bonferroni’s correction). Finally, a stepwise logistic regression analysis with a leave-one-out cross-validation procedure was used for classification purposes. An accuracy of 86.11% (sensitivity = 88.24%; specificity =84.21%) was achieved. This study suggests the usefulness of bispectral analysis to provide further insights into the underlying brain dynamics associated with AD.
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16:14-16:16, Paper WeCT1-02.3 | Add to My Program |
Physiological Fluctuations Show Frequency-Specific Networks in Fnirs Signals During Resting State |
Fernandez Rojas, Raul | Univ. of Canberra |
Huang, Xu | Univ. of Canberra |
Hernandez-Juarez, Jesus | UABJO |
Ou, Keng-Liang | Taipei Medical Univ |
Keywords: Brain functional imaging - NIR, Brain functional imaging - Connectivity and information flow
Abstract: Physiological fluctuations are commonly present in functional studies of hemodynamic response such as functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS). However, the effects of these signals in neural mechanisms are not fully understood. Thus, the aim of this study is to propose that frequency-specific networks exist in the somatosensory region within the frequency range of physiological fluctuations. We used a wavelet coherence approach to identify functional connectivity between cortical regions. Based on the spectral response, four frequency bands were identified: cardiac (0.8-1.5 Hz), respiration (0.16-0.6 Hz), low frequency oscillations (LFO) (0.04-0.15 Hz), and very low frequency oscillations (VLFO) (0.01-0.04 Hz). Eight cortical networks were revealed after ipsilateral and contralateral analysis to evaluate connectivity in each frequency band. The ANOVA analysis proved the adequacy of the connectivity map for all frequencies bands. Finally, these findings suggest possible frequency-specific organizations within the frequency bands of physiological fluctuations in the resting human brain.
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16:16-16:18, Paper WeCT1-02.4 | Add to My Program |
A Fully Automated Method for Segmentation and Classification of Local Field Potential Recordings. Preliminary Results |
Díaz-Parra, Antonio | Univ. Pol. De València |
Canals, Santiago | Inst. De Neurociencias, Consejo Superior De Investigaciones |
Moratal, David | Univ. Pol. De València |
Keywords: Signal pattern classification, Physiological systems modeling - Signal processing in physiological systems
Abstract: Identification of brain states measured with electrophysiological methods such as electroencephalography and local field potential (LFP) recordings is of great importance in numerous neuroscientific applications. For instance, in Brain Computer Interface, in the diagnosis of neurological disorders as well as to investigate how brain rhythms stem from synchronized physiological mechanisms (e.g., memory and learning). In this work, we propose a fully automated method with the aim of partitioning LFP signals into stationary segments as well as classifying each detected segment into three different classes (delta, regular theta or irregular theta rhythms). Our approach is computationally efficient since the process of detection and partition of signals into stationary segments is only based on two features (the variance and the so-called spectral error measure) and allow the classification at the same time. We developed the algorithm upon analyzing six anesthetized rats, resulting in a true positive rate of 97.5%, 91.8% and 79.1% in detecting delta, irregular theta and regular theta rhythms, respectively. This preliminary quantitative evaluation offers encouraging results for further research.
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16:18-16:20, Paper WeCT1-02.5 | Add to My Program |
On the Impact of Spike Segmentation on Motor Unit Identification in Dynamic Surface Electromyograms |
Glaser, Vojko | Univ. of Maribor, Faculty of Electrical Engineeringand Comp |
Holobar, Ales | Univ. of Maribor, Faculty of Electrical EngineeringandCompu |
Keywords: Signal pattern classification, Physiological systems modeling - Signal processing in physiological systems
Abstract: We discuss the adaptation of preexisting Convolution Kernel Compensation (CKC) surface electromyogram (EMG) decomposition technique to dynamic muscle contractions. In particular, three different algorithms for segmentation of motor unit (MU) spike trains into MU firings are discussed and mutually compared on synthetic dynamic surface EMG. The first segmentation algorithm employs a priori knowledge of the regularity of MU firings. The second one builds on K-means classification of MU spikes [6], whereas the third one combines both the regularity of MU firings and the previously introduced Pulse-to-Noise Ratio (PNR). On average, 5.5 ± 0.6 MUs were identified with sensitivity of 88.4 % ± 17.0 %, 83.8 % ± 16.7 % and 90.7 % ± 15.1 % for the first, the second and the third segmentation algorithm, respectively, demonstrating the feasibility of MU identification in moderate dynamic muscle contractions. In our tests, the third segmentation approach demonstrated superior accuracy in MU identification.
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WeCT1-03 Poster Session, Roentgen Hall |
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Signal Pattern Classification - Cardiovascular Signals II |
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16:10-16:12, Paper WeCT1-03.1 | Add to My Program |
Automated Diagnosis of Coronary Artery Disease Using Pattern Recognition Approach |
Desai, Usha | NMAM Inst. of Tech. Nitte |
Nayak, C Gurudas | Manipal Inst. of Tech. Manipal Univ |
Seshikala, G | REVA Univ |
Martis, Roshan Joy | Ngee Ann Pol |
Keywords: Independent component analysis, Signal pattern classification, Nonlinear dynamic analysis - Biomedical signals
Abstract: Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) is the most leading cardiovascular disease (CVD), which results due to buildup of plaque inside the coronary arteries. The CAD and Normal Sinus Rhythm (NSR) heartbeats can be discriminated and diagnosed noninvasively using the standard tool Electrocardiogram (ECG). However, manual diagnosis of ECG is tiresome and time consuming task, due to complex nature and unseen nonlinearities of ECG. Hence an automated system plays a substantial role. In this study, CAD and NSR heartbeats are discriminated and diagnosed using Higher-Order Statistics (HOS) cumulants features. Data reduction is achieved using Principal Components Analysis (PCA) and then medically significant features (p-value<0.05) are subjected for classification using Random Forest (RAF) and Rotation Forest (ROF) ensemble classification method. Developed system is efficient helps in mass screening and telemonitoring applications.
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16:12-16:14, Paper WeCT1-03.2 | Add to My Program |
Irregular Heartbeat Classification Using Kronecker Product Equations |
Boussé, Martijn | KU Leuven |
Goovaerts, Griet | KU Leuven |
Vervliet, Nico | KU Leuven |
Debals, Otto | KU Leuven |
Van Huffel, Sabine | Katholieke Univ. Leuven |
De Lathauwer, Lieven | Ku Leuven |
Keywords: Data mining and processing - Pattern recognition, Data mining and processing in biosignals
Abstract: Cardiac arrhythmia or irregular heartbeats are an important feature to assess the risk on sudden cardiac death and other cardiac disorders. Automatic classification of irregular heartbeats is therefore an important part of ECG analysis. We propose a tensor-based method for single- and multi-channel irregular heartbeat classification. The method tensorizes the ECG data matrix by segmenting each signal beat-by-beat and then stacking the result into a third-order tensor with dimensions channel x time x heartbeat. We use the multilinear singular value decomposition to model the obtained tensor. Next, we formulate the classification task as the computation of a Kronecker Product Equation. We apply our method on the INCART dataset, illustrating promising results.
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16:14-16:16, Paper WeCT1-03.3 | Add to My Program |
Classification of Respiratory Disturbances in Rett Syndrome Patients Using Restricted Boltzmann Machine |
O'Leary, Heather | Boston Children's Hospital |
Mayor Torres, Juan Manuel | Boston Children's Hospital |
Poon, Chi-Sang | Massachusetts Inst. of Tech |
Kaufmann, Walter | Greenwood Genetic Center |
Sahin, Mustafa | Boston Children's Hospital |
Keywords: Physiological systems modeling - Signal processing in physiological systems, Neural networks and support vector machines in biosignal processing and classification, Signal pattern classification
Abstract: Rett syndrome (RTT) is a severe neurodevelopmental disorder that can cause pervasive wakeful respiratory disturbances that include tachypnea, breath-holding, and central apnea. Quantitative analysis of these respiratory disturbances in RTT is considered a promising outcome measure for clinical trials. Currently, machine learning methodologies have not been employed to automate the classification of RTT respiratory disturbances. In this paper, we propose using temporal, flow, and autocorrelation features taken from the respiratory inductance plethsymography chest signal. We tested the performance of six classifiers including: Support Vector Machine, Restricted-Boltzmann-Machine, Back-propagation, Levenberg-Marquardt, and Decision-Fusion. We evaluate this classification in two modalities: (1) a subject-independent modality (leave-one-subject-out) obtaining the best F1 score in 93.67%, and (2) a trial-independent modality (leave-one-trial-out per subject) obtaining the best F1 score in 78.21% respectively.
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16:16-16:18, Paper WeCT1-03.4 | Add to My Program |
ECG Authentication in Post-Exercise Situation |
Sung, Dongsuk | Seoul National Univ |
Kim, Jeehoon | Seoul National Univ |
Koh, Myungjun | Seoul National Univ |
Park, Kwang S. | Seoul National Univ |
Keywords: Signal pattern classification
Abstract: Human authentication based on electrocardiogram (ECG) has been a remarkable issue for recent ten years. This paper proposed an authentication technology with the ECG data recorded after the harsh exercise. 55 subjects voluntarily attended to this experiment. A stepper was used as an exercise equipment. The subjects are asked to do stepper for 5 minutes and their ECG signals are acquired before and after the exercise in rest, sitting posture. Linear discriminant analysis (LDA) was used for both feature extraction and classification. Even though, within the first 1 minute recording, the subject recognition accuracy was 59.64%, which is too low to utilize, after one minute the accuracy was higher than 90% and it increased up to 96.22% within 5 minutes, which is plausible to use in authentication circumstances. Therefore, we have concluded that ECG authentication techniques will be able to be used after 1 minute of catching breath.
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16:18-16:20, Paper WeCT1-03.5 | Add to My Program |
Bivariate Empirical Mode Decomposition for ECG-Based Biometric Identification with Emotional Data |
Ferdinando, Hany | Univ. of Oulu |
Seppänen, Tapio | Univ. of Oulu |
Alasaarela, Esko | Univ. of Oulu |
Keywords: Data mining and processing - Pattern recognition, Signal pattern classification
Abstract: Emotions modulate ECG signals such that they might affect ECG-based biometric identification in real life application. It motivated in finding good feature extraction methods where the emotional state of the subjects has minimum impacts. This paper evaluates feature extraction based on bivariate empirical mode decomposition (BEMD) for biometric identification when emotion is considered. Using the ECG signal from the Mahnob-HCI database for affect recognition, the features were statistical distributions of dominant frequency after applying BEMD analysis to ECG signals. The achieved accuracy was 99.5% with high consistency using kNN classifier in 10-fold cross validation to identify 26 subjects when the emotional states of the subjects were ignored. When the emotional states of the subject were considered, the proposed method also delivered high accuracy, around 99.4%. We concluded that the proposed method offers emotion-independent features for ECG-based biometric identification. The proposed method needs more evaluation related to testing with other classifier and variation in ECG signals, e.g. normal ECG vs. ECG with arrhythmias, ECG from various ages, and ECG from other affective databases.
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16:20-16:22, Paper WeCT1-03.6 | Add to My Program |
Cancelable ECG Biometrics Using GLRT and Performance Improvement Using Guided Filter with Irreversible Guide Signal |
Kim, Hanvit | Ulsan National Inst. of Science and Tech |
Nguyen, Minh Phuong | Ulsan National Inst. of Science and Tech. (UNIST) |
Chun, Se Young | Ulsan National Inst. of Science and Tech. (UNIST) |
Keywords: Signal pattern classification
Abstract: Biometrics such as ECG provides a convenient and powerful security tool to verify or identify an individual. However, one important drawback of biometrics is that it is irrevocable. In other words, biometrics cannot be re-used practically once it is compromised. Cancelable biometrics has been investigated to overcome this drawback. In this paper, we propose a cancelable ECG biometrics by deriving a generalized likelihood ratio test (GLRT) detector from a composite hypothesis testing in randomly projected domain. Since it is common to observe performance degradation for cancelable biometrics, we also propose a guided filtering (GF) with irreversible guide signal that is a non-invertibly transformed signal of ECG authentication template. We evaluated our proposed method using ECG-ID database with 89 subjects. Conventional Euclidean detector with original ECG template yielded 93.9% PD1 (detection probability at 1% FAR) while Euclidean detector with 10% compressed ECG (1/10 of the original data size) yielded 90.8% PD1. Our proposed GLRT detector with 10% compressed ECG yielded 91.4%, which is better than Euclidean with the same compressed ECG. GF with our proposed irreversible ECG template further improved the performance of our GLRT with 10% compressed ECG up to 94.3%, which is higher than Euclidean detector with original ECG. Lastly, we showed that our proposed cancelable ECG biometrics practically met cancelable biometrics criteria such as efficiency, re-usability, diversity and non-invertibility.
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16:22-16:24, Paper WeCT1-03.7 | Add to My Program |
Similarity Based Hierarchical Clustering of Physiological Parameters for the Identification of Health States - a Feasibility Study |
Schrumpf, Fabian | Leipzig Univ. of Applied Sciences (HTWK) |
Bausch, Gerold | Leipzig Univ. of Applied Sciences |
Sturm, Matthias | Leipzig Univ. of Applied Sciences (HTWK) |
Fuchs, Mirco | Lab. for Biosignal Processing, Leipzig Univ. of Appli |
Keywords: Data mining and processing in biosignals, Signal pattern classification, Physiological systems modeling - Multivariate signal processing
Abstract: This paper introduces a new unsupervised method for the clustering of physiological data into health states based on their similarity. We propose an iterative hierarchical clustering approach that combines health states according to a similarity constraint to new arbitrary health states. We applied our method to experimental data in which the physical strain of subjects was systematically varied. We derived health states based on parameters extracted from ECG data. The occurrence of health states shows a high temporal correlation to the experimental phases of the physical exercise. We compared our method to other clustering algorithms and found a significantly higher accuracy with respect to the identification of health states.
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WeCT1-04 Poster Session, Roentgen Hall |
Add to My Program |
Signal Pattern Classification - EEG II |
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16:10-16:12, Paper WeCT1-04.1 | Add to My Program |
EEG Emotion Recognition Using Reduced Channel Wavelet Entropy and Average Wavelet Coeffi Cient Features with Normal Mutual Information Method |
Candra, Henry | Univ. of Tech. Sydney |
Yuwono, Mitchell | Univ. of Tech. Sydney |
Chai, Rifai | Univ. of Tech. Sydney |
Nguyen, Hung T. | Univ. of Tech. Sydney |
Su, Steven Weidong | Univ. of Tech. Sydney |
Keywords: Time-frequency and time-scale analysis - Wavelets, Signal pattern classification, Data mining and processing - Pattern recognition
Abstract: Recognizing emotion from EEG signals is a complicated task that requires complex features and a substantial number of EEG channels. Simple algorithms to analyse the feature and reduce the EEG channel number will give an indispensable advantages. Therefore, this study explores a combination of wavelet entropy and average wavelet coefficient (WEAVE) as a potential EEG-emotion feature to classify valence and arousal emotions with the advantage of the ability to identify the occurrence of a pattern while at the same time identify the shape of a pattern in EEG emotion signal. The complexity of the feature was reduced using the Normalized Mutual Information (NMI) method to obtain a reduced number of channels. Classification with the WEAVE feature achieved 76.8% accuracy for valence and 74.3% for arousal emotion, respectively. The analysis with NMI shows that the WEAVE feature has linear characteristics and offers possibilities to reduce the EEG channels to a certain number. Further analysis also reveals that detection of valence emotion with reduced EEG channels has a different combination of EEG channels compared to arousal emotion.
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16:12-16:14, Paper WeCT1-04.2 | Add to My Program |
Fast Spike Detection in EEG Using Eigenvalue Analysis and Clustering of Spatial Amplitude Distribution |
Fukami, Tadanori | Yamagata Univ |
Shimada, Takamasa | Tokyo Denki Univ |
Ishikawa, Bunnoshin | Hotoku-Kai Utsunomiya Hospital |
Keywords: Time-frequency and time-scale analysis - Time-frequency analysis, Signal pattern classification
Abstract: In the current study, we tested a proposed method for fast spike detection using a general-purpose computer. First, we performed eigenvalue analysis using a gradient calculated from two neighboring samples to detect high-amplitude negative peaks. Clustering was performed to classify detected peaks by considering amplitude distribution at scalp electrodes. Negative peaks were scored by considering electrodes in the detection process and the cluster to which each peak belonged. Spikes were detected using two parameters: score threshold, and the number of clusters. We then used precision and recall to eliminate overestimation of the performance of the method. The results revealed a trade-off between precision and recall. Recall showed a maximum average value of 0.90 in two subjects. In contrast, average precision was 0.21, and the false positive rate was almost four times higher than the true positive rate. Analysis of required processing time revealed that our method could complete spike detection in approximately one-eighth of the recording time, using a general-purpose computer.
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16:14-16:16, Paper WeCT1-04.3 | Add to My Program |
Rotational Data Augmentation for Electroencephalographic Data |
Krell, Mario Michael | Univ. of California Berkeley |
Kim, Su Kyoung | German Res. Center for Artificial Intelligence (DFKI) GmbH |
Keywords: Signal pattern classification, Neural networks and support vector machines in biosignal processing and classification
Abstract: For deep learning on image data, a common approach is to augment the training data by artificial new images, using techniques like moving windows, scaling, affine distortions, and elastic deformations. In contrast to image data, electroencephalographic (EEG) data suffers even more from the lack of sufficient training data. Methods: We suggest and evaluate rotational distortions similar to affine/rotational distortions of images to generate augmented data. Results: Our approach increases the performance of signal processing chains for EEG-based brain-computer interfaces when rotating only around y- and z-axis with an angle around ±18 degrees to generate new data. Conclusion: This shows that our processing efficient approach generates meaningful data and encourages to look for further new methods for EEG data augmentation.
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16:16-16:18, Paper WeCT1-04.4 | Add to My Program |
Surface and Intracranial EEG Spike Detection Based on Discrete Wavelet Decomposition and Random Forest Classification |
Le Douget, Jean-Eudes | Bioelectrics Lab, ICM Paris & Bioserenity |
Fouad, Amal | Faculty of Medicine, Ain-Shams Univ |
Maskani Filali, Mohamed | Bioelectrics Lab, ICM Paris & Bioserenity |
Pyrzowski, Jan | Bioelectrics Lab, ICM Paris & Bioserenity |
Le Van Quyen, Michel | ICM Res. Center |
Keywords: Time-frequency and time-scale analysis - Wavelets, Signal pattern classification, Physiological systems modeling - Signal processing in physiological systems
Abstract: Epilepsy is a neurological disorder for which the electroencephalogram (EEG) is the most important diagnostic tool. In particular, this diagnosis heavily depends on the detection of interictal (between seizures) paroxysmal epileptic discharges (IPED) in the EEG. This is a time-consuming task requiring significant training and experience. Automatic detection of these EEG patterns would greatly assist visual inspections of human readers. We present a new method, which allows automatic detection of IPED based on discrete wavelet decomposition and a random forest classifier. The algorithm was trained and cross validated using 17 subjects with scalp EEG and 10 subjects with intracranial EEG. The performance of this method reached 62% recall and 26% precision for surface EEG subjects and 63% recall and 53% precision for intracranial EEG subjects. Thus, the method hereby proposed has great potential for diagnosis support in clinical environments.
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16:18-16:20, Paper WeCT1-04.5 | Add to My Program |
Analysis of Electroencephalogram of Patients with Specific Low Back Pain with the Massage Treatment |
xiangjun, sun | Shenzhen Inst. of Advanced Tech. Chinese Acad. of S |
Li, Huihui | Shenzhen Inst. of Advanced Tech. Chinese Acad. of S |
Du, Wenjing | Shenzhen Inst. of Advanced Tech. Chinese Acad. of S |
wenmin, chen | Shenzhen Inst. of Advanced Tech. Chinese Acad. of S |
Zhou, Fang | Shenzhen Inst. of Advanced Tech. Chinese Acad. of S |
Wang, Lei | Shenzhen Inst. of Advanced Tech |
Keywords: Time-frequency and time-scale analysis - Empirical mode decomposition in biosignal analysis, Nonlinear dynamic analysis - Biomedical signals
Abstract: Through the investigation of the difference of approximate entropy (ApEn) and Hilbert-Huang Transform Marginal spectrum entropy (HHTMSEn) of the Electroenceph- Alogram (EEG) signals of specific low back pain (SLBP) patients before and after the massage, we wanted to reveal the impact of the massage in the brain, and provided the basis for the treatment of SLBP patients. We recruited twenty-six SLBP patients and collected their spontaneous EEG signals before and after the massage. Firstly, we analyzed the ApEn and HHTMSEn of 14 channels before and after the massage, and results showed that values of ApEn and HHTMSEn after the massage were less than the values before the massage significantly. And then, we extracted δ, θ, α and β rhythms of the EEG signals, and analyzed the ApEn and HHTMSEn of the four rhythms before and after the massage. The results showed that the ApEn values of δ and α rhythms after the massage were significantly less than the values before the massage, and the HHTMSEn values of β rhythms were significantly less than the values before the massage, and this showed that the complexity of EEG signal was reduced with the relief of the pain after the massage therapy.
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16:20-16:22, Paper WeCT1-04.6 | Add to My Program |
EEG-Based Auditory Attention Decoding Using Unprocessed Binaural Signals in Reverberant and Noisy Conditions |
Aroudi, Ali | Univ. of Oldenburg, Dept. of Medical Physics and Acoustics |
Doclo, Simon | Univ. of Oldenburg |
Keywords: Parametric filtering and estimation, Signal pattern classification
Abstract: To decode auditory attention from single-trial EEG recordings in an acoustic scenario with two competing speakers, a least-squares method has been recently proposed. This method however requires the clean speech signals of both the attended and the unattended speaker to be available as reference signals. Since in practice only the binaural signals consisting of a reverberant mixture of both speakers and background noise are available, in this paper we explore the potential of using these (unprocessed) signals as reference signals for decoding auditory attention in different acoustic conditions (anechoic, reverberant, noisy, and reverberant-noisy). In addition, we investigate whether it is possible to use these signals instead of the clean attended speech signal for filter training. The experimental results show that using the unprocessed binaural signals for filter training and for decoding auditory attention is feasible with a relatively large decoding performance, although for most acoustic conditions the decoding performance is significantly lower than when using the clean speech signals.
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16:22-16:24, Paper WeCT1-04.7 | Add to My Program |
EEG-Based Emotion Classification Using Innovative Features and Combined SVM and HMM Classifier |
Guo, Kairui | Univ. of Tech. Sydney |
Candra, Henry | Univ. of Tech. Sydney |
Yu, Hairong | Univ. of Tech. Sydney |
Li, Huiqi | Beijing Inst. of Tech |
Nguyen, Hung T. | Univ. of Tech. Sydney |
Su, Steven Weidong | Univ. of Tech. Sydney |
Keywords: Signal pattern classification - Genetic algorithms, Time-frequency and time-scale analysis - Wavelets, Physiological systems modeling - Signal processing in physiological systems
Abstract: Emotion classification is one of the state-of-the-art topics in biomedical signal research, and yet a significant portion remains unknown. This paper offers a novel approach with a combined classifier to recognise human emotion states based on electroencephalogram (EEG) signal. The objective is to achieve high accuracy using the combined classifier designed, which categorises the extracted features calculated from time domain features and Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT). Two innovative designs are involved in this project: a novel variable is established as a new feature and a combined SVM and HMM classifier is developed. The result shows that the joined features raise the accuracy by 5% on valence axis and 1.5% on arousal axis. The combined classifier can improve the accuracy by 3% comparing with SVM classifier. One of the important applications for high accuracy emotion classification system is offering a powerful tool for psychologists to diagnose emotion related mental diseases and the system developed in this project has the potential to serve such purpose.
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WeCT2-01 Poster Session, Cho Room |
Add to My Program |
Neuroimaging: MRI, MEG and EEG I |
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16:10-16:12, Paper WeCT2-01.1 | Add to My Program |
A Radiomics Evaluation of 2D and 3D MRI Texture Features to Classify Brain Metastases from Lung Cancer and Melanoma |
Ortiz-Ramón, Rafael | Univ. Pol. De València |
Larroza, Andres | Univ. De Valencia |
Arana, Estanislao | Radiology Department, Fundación Inst. Valenciano De Oncologí |
Moratal, David | Univ. Pol. De València |
Keywords: Magnetic resonance imaging - MR neuroimaging, Image feature extraction, Brain image analysis
Abstract: Brain metastases are occasionally detected before diagnosing their primary site of origin. In these cases, simple visual examination of medical images of the metastases is not enough to identify the primary cancer, so an extensive evaluation is needed. To avoid this procedure, a radiomics approach on magnetic resonance (MR) images of the metastatic lesions is proposed to classify two of the most frequent origins (lung cancer and melanoma). In this study, 50 T1-weighted MR images of brain metastases from 30 patients were analyzed: 27 of lung cancer and 23 of melanoma origin. A total of 43 statistical texture features were extracted from the segmented lesions in 2D and 3D. Five predictive models were evaluated using a nested cross-validation scheme. The best classification results were achieved using 3D texture features for all the models, obtaining an average AUC > 0.9 in all cases and an AUC = 0.947 ± 0.067 when using the best model (naïve Bayes).
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16:12-16:14, Paper WeCT2-01.2 | Add to My Program |
Investigating BOLD Spectral Power of Intrinsic Connectivity Networks in Fibromyalgia: A Multivariate Analysis of Resting-State Fmri Data |
Jarrahi, Behnaz | Stanford Univ |
Martucci, Katherine | Stanford School of Medicine |
Nilakantan, Aneesha | Stanford School of Medicine |
Mackey, Sean | Stanford Univ. School of Medicine |
Keywords: Magnetic resonance imaging - MR neuroimaging
Abstract: Recent advances in multivariate statistical analysis of blood oxygen level dependent (BOLD) functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) have provided novel insights into the network organization of the human brain. Here, we applied group independent component analysis, a well-established approach for detecting brain intrinsic connectivity networks, to examine the spontaneous BOLD fluctuations in patients with fibromyalgia and healthy controls before and after exposure to a stressor. The BOLD spectral power characteristics of component time courses were calculated using the fast Fourier transform (FFT) algorithm, and group comparison was performed at six frequency bins between 0 and 0.24 Hz at 0.04 Hz intervals. Relative to controls, patients with fibromyalgia displayed significant BOLD spectral power differences in the default-mode, salience, and subcortical networks at the baseline level (Bonferroni-corrected p < 0.05). Multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA) further revealed significant effects of the cold water temperature, and pain rating on the spectral power of the sensorimotor, salience, and prefrontal networks, while the diagnosis of fibromyalgia influenced the BOLD spectral power of the salience and subcortical networks (FDR-corrected p < 0.05). Since the BOLD spectral power reflects the degree of fluctuations within a network, future studies of the correlation between BOLD spectral power and pain processing can cast additional light on the nature of the central nervous system dysfunction in patients with chronic pain syndromes.
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16:14-16:16, Paper WeCT2-01.3 | Add to My Program |
Atlas Based Sparse Logistic Regression for Alzheimer's Disease Classification |
Barros, Helena | ISR - Inst. for Systems and Robotisc, Inst. Superior Téc |
Silveira, Margarida | Inst. for Systems and Robotics - Inst. Superior Técnico |
Keywords: Magnetic resonance imaging - MR neuroimaging, Image feature extraction, Image classification
Abstract: Sparse methods are an effective way to alleviate the curse of dimensionality in neuroimaging applications. By imposing sparsity inducing regularization terms these methods are able to perform feature selection jointly with classification. They have been used for Alzheimer's Disease (AD) and Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) classification using different approaches such as Lasso, Group Lasso and tree-structured Group Lasso. The Group Lasso approaches have relied mainly on grouping contiguous voxels, either spatially or temporally. In this paper we propose two Group Lasso approaches where feature groups are more consistent with disease related atrophy. We propose that features are grouped according to anatomically defined regions of the brain, as provided by a labeled atlas, and in a hierarchy that joins corresponding regions in the left and right hemispheres, so as to take into account the bilateral symmetry which typically occurs in AD. We apply our methods to MRI images from the ADNI and compare their performance with that of other sparse methods developed for AD. Evaluation includes classification performance and the stability of the obtained feature weights when several runs of these algorithms are performed. For both AD and MCI, the proposed methods not only attained the best classification performances but also generated more stable feature weights.
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16:16-16:18, Paper WeCT2-01.4 | Add to My Program |
PEAR: PEriodic and ApeRiodic Signal Separation for Fast FMRI |
Weizman, Lior | Tech. Israel Inst. of Tech |
Miller, Karla | Oxford Univ. Centre for Functional MRI of the Brain (FMRIB) |
Eldar, Yonina | The Tech. Israel Inst. of Tech |
Maayan, Osher | Tech. Israel Inst. of Tech |
Chiew, Mark | Oxford Univ. Centre for Functional MRI of the Brain (FMRIB) |
Keywords: Magnetic resonance imaging - Image reconstruction, Functional image analysis, Magnetic resonance imaging - MR neuroimaging
Abstract: Undersampling of functional MRI (fMRI) data leads to increased temporal resolution, as it allows shorter acquisition time per frame. High quality reconstruction of fMRI data from undersampled measurements requires proper modeling of the fMRI data. Recent publications suggest that the fMRI signal is a superposition of periodic and aperiodic signals. In this paper we develop an fMRI reconstruction approach based on this modeling. The fMRI data is assumed to be composed of two components: a component that holds a sum of periodic signals which is sparse in the temporal Fourier domain and an component that holds the remaining imaging information (consisting of the background and aperiodic signals) which has low rank. Data reconstruction is done by solving a constrained problem that enforces a fixed, moderate rank on one of the components, and a limited number of temporal frequencies on the other. Our approach is coined PEAR - PEriodic and ApeRiodic signal separation for fast fMRI. Experimental results are based on fMRI reconstruction using realistic timecourses. Evaluation was performed both quantitatively and visually versus ground truth. Results demonstrate PEAR's improvement in estimating the realistic timecourses versus state-of-the-art approaches at acceleration ratio of R=16.6.
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16:18-16:20, Paper WeCT2-01.5 | Add to My Program |
Cortical Response of the Projected-Thumb Tactile Sensation under TENS by MEG |
chen, ying | Shanghai Jiaotong Univ |
Li, mengnan | Shanghai Jiaotong Univ |
Cao, chunyan | Department of Functional Neurosurgery, RuiJin Hospital Shanghai |
Zhu, xiaolei | Department of Radiology, RuiJin Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ |
Sui, Xiaohong | Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ |
Keywords: MEG imaging, Functional image analysis
Abstract: The existence of projected finger territories (PFTs) near the stump provides an essential way to realize the tactile sensation of lost fingers by transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS). After amputation, the somatosensory cortex corresponding to lost fingers might be invaded by other cortical areas due to cortical plasticity. However, it was seldom observed how the amputees could feel the projected or lost finger tactile sensation in the cerebral cortex under TENS. To answer this question, by using magnetoencephalography (MEG), we investigated the cortical response under TENS of the projected thumb territory and normal thumb with 2 Hz current pulses. One subject with long-term left forearm amputation was recruited. The temporal and spatial characteristics of the activated cortical magnetic signals were analyzed. The Equivalent Current Dipoles (ECDs) corresponding to the strongest strength were mapped in the cerebral cortex, and the current density distribution were clearly illustrated. We found that the latencies at the maximum ECD strength were 60 ± 1.41 ms for the projected thumb and 46 ± 1.25 ms for the normal counterpart. The strongest ECD corresponding to projected thumb was located in the central sulcus near the mirror location of the normal thumb counterpart. And the response strengths of projected thumb cortex were stronger than normal thumb counterpart.
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16:20-16:22, Paper WeCT2-01.6 | Add to My Program |
Precise Localization of Silicone-Based Intercranial Planar Electrodes in Magnetic Resonance Imaging |
Erhardt, Johannes B. | Univ. of Freiburg |
Koenig, Kathrin | Univ. of Freiburg |
Leupold, Jochen | Univ. of Freiburg |
Pasluosta, Cristian Federico | Univ. of Freiburg |
Stieglitz, Thomas | Univ. of Freiburg |
Keywords: Magnetic resonance imaging - MR neuroimaging, Image feature extraction
Abstract: Intercranial planar electrodes enable neural recordings with high spatial resolution in diagnosis as well as for treatments. The value of the measurements increases with the precision of localization of the electrodes related to the individual anatomy. In this context, post-implantation MRI provides excellent soft tissue contrast, but the accurate localization of electrodes is impaired by magnetic susceptibility artifacts. We have addressed this problem without adding a substantial burden to the electrode fabrication process. Simple silicone reference structures were strategically placed on the implant surface to visualize the electrodes position in MRI. These reference structures allowed high precision electrode localization independently of electrode imaging artifacts. This implant manufacturing approach could prove extremely useful in combination with existing image processing pipelines.
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16:22-16:24, Paper WeCT2-01.7 | Add to My Program |
A Study of Feature Extraction for Alzheimer’s Disease Based on Resting-State Fmri |
Mao, Shuai | Harbin Inst. of Tech. Shenzhen Graduate School |
Zhang, Changle | Harbin Inst. of Tech. Shenzhen Graduate School |
Gao, Na | Harbin Inst. of Tech |
Wang, Yan | Harbin Inst. of Tech. Shenzhen Graduate School |
Yang, YanWu | HITSZ, ShenZhen, GuangDong Province, China |
Guo, Xin | Harbin Inst. of Tech. Shenzhen Graduate School |
Ma, Heather Ting | Harbin Inst. of Tech. Shenzhen Graduate School |
Keywords: Functional image analysis, Image feature extraction, Image classification
Abstract: The Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) has become a major threat of human health with its incidence rate ascending year by year. Early diagnosis of AD is very important for AD patients to keep life quality. The resting-state fMRI (rs-fMRI) which precisely reflects the brain changes on the resting state of individuals provides a quantitative approach, which has been introduced to distinguish AD patients from normal population. In this study, we proposed a method to find the most distinctive features identifying AD patients from rs-fMRI images. The ALFF and ReHo parameters based on pre-processed rs-fMRI data were extracted, and some key parameters of the brain functional network based on graph theory were calculated. Then we tested the recognition performance of different classifiers, and the best classification algorithm, that is, Support Vector Machine (SVM) with linear-kernel are selected. Finally through a recursive feature selection procedure, we got the most distinctive feature set. Additionally, this study also implies that there may be several changes in some particular ROIs of the brain during the AD development.
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16:24-16:26, Paper WeCT2-01.8 | Add to My Program |
Music and the Brain – Design of an MEG Compatible Piano |
Chacon-Castano, Julian | Massachsuetts Inst. of Tech |
Rathbone, Daniel | Massachussetts Inst. of Tech |
Hoffman, Rachel | Massachusetts Inst. of Tech |
Yang, Heng | Massachusetts Inst. of Tech |
Pantazis, Dimitrios | MIT |
Yang, Jason | Massachusetts Inst. of Tech |
Hornberger, Erik | Sumitomo Heavy Industries, Ltd |
Hanumara, Nevan | Massachusetts Inst. of Tech |
Keywords: MEG imaging
Abstract: Magnetoencephalography (MEG) neuroimaging provides has been used to study subjects’ responses when listening to music, but research into the effects of playing music has been limited by the lack of MEG compatible instruments that can operate in a magnetically shielded environment and not create electromagnetic interference. This paper describes the design and preliminary testing of an MEG compatible piano keyboard with 25 full size keys that employs a novel 3-state optical encoder design and electronics to provide realistic velocity-controlled volume modulation. This instrument will allow researchers to study musical performance on a finer timescale than fMRI and enable a range of MEG studies.
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16:26-16:28, Paper WeCT2-01.9 | Add to My Program |
Three-Way ROC Validation of Rs-Fmri Visual Information Propagation Transfer Functions Used to Differentiate between RRMS and CIS Optic Neuritis Patients |
Shahrabi Farahani, Ehsan | Univ. of Calgary |
Choudhury, Samiul | Univ. of Calgary |
Cortese, Filomeno | Univ. of Calgary |
Costello, Fiona | Univ. of Calgary |
Goodyear, Brad | Univ. of Calgary |
Smith, Michael | Univ. of Calgary |
Keywords: Magnetic resonance imaging - MR neuroimaging, Functional image analysis
Abstract: Resting-state fMRI (rs-fMRI) measures the temporal synchrony between different brain regions while the subject is at rest. We present an investigation using visual information propagation transfer functions as potential optic neuritis (ON) markers for the pathways between the lateral geniculate nuclei, the primary visual cortex, the lateral occipital cortex and the superior parietal cortex. We investigate marker reliability in differentiating between healthy controls and ON patients with clinically isolated syndrome (CIS), and relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) using a three-way receiver operating characteristics analysis. We identify useful and reliable three-way ON related metrics in the rs-fMRI low-frequency band 0.0 Hz to 0.1 Hz, with potential markers associated with the higher frequency harmonics of these signals in the 0.1 Hz to 0.2 Hz and 0.2 Hz to 0.3 Hz bands.
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16:28-16:30, Paper WeCT2-01.10 | Add to My Program |
Feasibility Study of Imaging Fast Neural Activity in Retinal Tissue Using Electrical Impedance Tomography |
Zhu, Danyi | The Univ. of Sydney |
Fang, Xiunan | School of Electrical and Information Engineering, the Univ |
Eiber, Calvin D. | Univ. of New South Wales |
Avery, James | Univ. Coll. London |
Holder, David | Univ. Coll. London |
McEwan, Alistair | The Univ. of Sydney |
Keywords: Electrical impedance imaging, Regularized image Reconstruction
Abstract: Electrical Impedance Tomography has been recently applied to image fast neural activity in the somatosensory cerebral cortex. This non-invasive imaging modality has the unique advantage of high spatial-temporal resolution in millimeters over milliseconds. This work was designed to test an existing 32-channel EIT system, a modified UCL ScouseTom, and to discuss the feasibility of imaging neural activity in retinal tissue through computer simulation. The finite element method was used to model a retinal slice with a realistic conductivity-depth profile of the macaque eye. The conductivity perturbation was simulated in five different layers of the model. 5uV white noise was added to boundary voltages.Simulation results showed that it is feasible to apply EIT in retinal tissue but the injection current is near threshold of unwanted phosphenes induction. Therefore the suggested future work are validating threshold current through animal experiments, developing electrodes with low contact impedance and mitigating noise through averaging.
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16:30-16:32, Paper WeCT2-01.11 | Add to My Program |
Evaluating Network Brain Connectivity in Alcohol Postdependent State Using Network-Based Statistic |
Díaz-Parra, Antonio | Univ. Pol. De València |
Pérez-Ramírez, Úrsula | Univ. Pol. De València |
Pacheco, Jesús | Inst. De Neurociencias, Consejo Superior De Investigaciones |
Pfarr, Simone | Depts. of Psychopharmacology & Addiction Medicine, Central Inst |
Sommer, Wolfgang H. | Depts. of Psychopharmacology & Addiction Medicine, Central Inst |
Moratal, David | Univ. Pol. De València |
Canals, Santiago | Inst. De Neurociencias, Consejo Superior De Investigaciones |
Keywords: Magnetic resonance imaging - MR neuroimaging, Brain image analysis, Functional image analysis
Abstract: The use of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to measure spontaneous fluctuations in blood oxygen level dependent (BOLD) signals has become an indispensable tool to investigate how brain regions interact and form long-range networks. Statistical dependency measures between brain regions obtained from BOLD signals can inform about brain functional states in longitudinal studies of neurological and psychiatric disorders. Furthermore, its non-invasive nature allows comparable measurements in clinical and animal studies, providing excellent translational capabilities. In the present study, we apply Network-Based Statistic (NBS), to investigate alterations in the functional connectivity (FC) of the rat brain in a post-dependent (PD) state, an established animal model of clinical relevant features in alcoholism. In contrast to mass-univariate tests, in which comparisons are performed at single link-level, NBS enhances the statistical power by assuming that the connections comprising the effect of interest are interconnected. Brain-wide resting-state fMRI signals were collected in 14 controls and 13 PD rats, and Pearson correlations computed between 47 brain regions of interest (ROIs). The NBS analysis revealed statistically significant differences in a connected network of structures including hippocampus, amygdala, lateral hypothalamus and the raphe nucleus, all regions with known relevance for addictive behaviors. In contrast, no individual connection could be found significant by univariate comparisons with false discovery rate (FDR) correction. Correlations between the structures in the identified subnetwork tend to decrease or become negative (anti-correlated) in the PD state compared to controls. We interpret this result as evidence for a disconnected subnetwork in the PD state.
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16:32-16:34, Paper WeCT2-01.12 | Add to My Program |
Relationship between Amplitude of Resting-State Fnirs Global Signal and EEG Vigilance Measures |
CHEN, YUXUAN | Univ. OF OKLAHOMA |
Farrand, Jesse | Univ. of Oklahoma |
Tang, Julia | Univ. of Oklahoma |
Chen, Yafen | Univ. of Oklahoma |
O'Keeffe, Johnny | The Unversity of Oklahom |
Shou, Guofa | Univ. of Oklahoma |
Ding, Lei | Univ. of Oklahoma |
Yuan, Han | Univ. of Oklahoma |
Keywords: Optical imaging and microscopy - Near infra-red spectroscopy, EEG imaging, Magnetic resonance imaging - MR neuroimaging
Abstract: Most of the prior studies of functional connectivity in both healthy and diseased brain utilized resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) as a measure to represent the temporal synchrony in blood oxygenation level dependent (BOLD) signals across brain regions. To eliminate the impact of widely distributed global signal component across the brain, many studies have adopted global signal regression (GSR) as a pre-processing approach, in which the global signal component is regressed out of preprocessed BOLD signals prior to computation of connectivity measures. However, the procedure of global signal regression has been debated as a physiologically relevant component may be present in the global signal. In this study, we aimed to address the controversy of the global signal using functional non-invasive neuroimaging technology, i.e. functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS), which measures hemodynamic signals by probing local changes in oxygen consumption, a common imaging contrast measured by BOLD fMRI. In the current study, we acquired simultaneous EEG and fNIRS signals, both in high-density configuration and whole-brain coverage, in healthy individuals at eyes open and eyes closed resting state and at three different body positions. We explored the relationship between the global signal measured by fNIRS and vigilance quantified by EEG when contrasting measures obtained in the eyes-open versus eyes-closed states.
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16:34-16:36, Paper WeCT2-01.13 | Add to My Program |
Assessment of Chemoradiotherapy Response in Glioma with Magnetic Resonance Amide Proton Transfer Imaging in a Rodent Model |
Zhao, Jing | Shenzhen Inst. of Advanced Tech. Chinese Acad. of S |
Chen, Yinsheng | Sun Yat-Sen Univ |
Zhao, Yiying | Sun Yat-Sen Univ |
Yang, Shasha | Shenzhen Inst. of Advanced Tech. Chinese Acad. of S |
Chen, Zhongping | Sun Yat-Sen Univ |
Wu, Yin | Shenzhen Inst. of Advanced Tech. Chinese Acad. of S |
Keywords: Magnetic resonance imaging - MR neuroimaging
Abstract: Magnetic resonance amide proton transfer (APT) imaging has proved its potential for detecting tumors and evaluating treatment response by depicting chemical exchange saturation transfer effect between the endogenous protein/peptide amide proton and bulk water. However, conventional asymmetry analysis for APT effect measurement is susceptible to concomitant contributions, particular semisolid magnetic transfer (MT) and nuclear overhauser effect. In this study, dominant saturation transfer (ST) effects, including direct water saturation and MT, were estimated from a sum of two Lorentzian functions. APT effect was then quantified by subtracting the Z-spectrum with the two ST effects. Feasibility of the method in the assessment of glioma therapeutic response was investigated in a rodent model at 3 Tesla.
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16:36-16:38, Paper WeCT2-01.14 | Add to My Program |
EEG Source Estimation Accuracy in Presence of Simulated Cortical Lesions |
Caschera, Stefano | Sapienza Univ. of Rome |
Petti, Manuela | Univ. of Rome “Sapienza”, Neuroelectrical Imaging and BCI Lab IR |
Mattia, Donatella | Fondazione Santa Lucia IRCCS |
Astolfi, Laura | Univ. of Rome Sapienza |
Keywords: Electrical source brain imaging
Abstract: Methods to reconstruct the neuroelectrical activity in the brain source space can be used to improve the spatial resolution of scalp-recorded EEG and to estimate the locations of electrical sources in the brain. This procedure can improve the investigation of the functional organization of the human brain, exploiting the high temporal resolution of EEG to follow the temporal dynamics of information processing. As for today, the uncertainties about the effects of in-homogeneities due to brain lesions preclude the adoption of EEG functional mapping on patients with lesioned brain. The aim of this work is to quantify the accuracy of a distributed source localization method in recovering extended sources of activated cortex when cortical lesions of different dimensions are introduced in simulated data. For this purpose, EEG source-distributed activity estimated from real data was modified including silent lesion areas. Then, for each simulated lesion, forward and inverse calculations were carried out to localize the produced scalp activity and the reconstructed cortical activity. Finally, the error induced in the reconstruction by the presence of the lesion was computed and analyzed in relation to the number of electrodes and to the size of the simulated lesion. Results returned values of global error in the whole cortex and of error in the non-lesioned area which are strongly dependent on the number of recorded scalp sensors, as they increase when a lower spatial sampling is performed on the scalp (64 versus 32 EEG channels). For increasing spatial sampling frequencies, the accuracy of the source reconstruction improves and even the presence of small lesions induces significantly higher error levels with respect to the lesion-free condition.
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WeCT2-02 Poster Session, Cho Room |
Add to My Program |
X-Ray and CT Imaging II |
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16:10-16:12, Paper WeCT2-02.1 | Add to My Program |
Structure and Location Preserving Topological Representation with Applications on CT Segmentation |
Awawdeh, Shatha Fawzi | BMIT Res. Group, School of Information Tech. Univ |
Cui, Hui | The Univ. of Sydney |
Wang, Xiu Ying | The Univ. of Sydney |
Feng, Dagan | The Univ. of Sydney |
Keywords: X-ray CT imaging, Image visualization
Abstract: Contour tree represents the nesting relations of the individual components in the image; however, it neglects the geometric structure of the terrain. In this paper, we propose a new topological representation that provides the nesting and spatial relations of regions for CT image interpretation. The tree is constructed based on the signed distance transformation of binary CT image, and combines intensity based contour tree and a new gradient based topology tree. We also investigate the application of the topological representation as a constraint in target object segmentation. Ten non-small cell lung tumor CT studies were used for segmentation accuracy evaluation. The image representation results showed that the proposed tree structure retained the nesting and spatial relations of the tissues or objects in the CT image. The segmentation results demonstrated its usability in the separation of adjacent objects with similar intensity distributions.
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16:12-16:14, Paper WeCT2-02.2 | Add to My Program |
Monte Carlo Simulation of Radiation Dose Distribution in X-Ray Imaging at Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility |
Bai, Huiping | Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ |
Chen, Yi | Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ |
Guo, Han | Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility |
Zhao, Jun | Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ |
Sun, Jianqi | Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ |
Keywords: X-ray imaging applications, X-ray CT imaging
Abstract: The aim of this study is to investigate the dose distribution in the process of X-ray imaging at Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility. We used the Monte Carlo software EGSnrc based on the statistics of the beamline BL13W to simulate the actual irradiation environment and calculate the dose distribution. Three different sizes of sources and two different tomographic models were created to predict the dose distribution at different regions of interest (ROI) with different fields of view (FOV). The simulation results showed that the dose in ROI is higher. The dose accumulated in the ROI with smaller FOV was more concentrated and relatively smaller compared with the larger FOV. This calculated dose distribution provides guidance for in-vivo animal experiments and other applications such as microbeam therapy.
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16:14-16:16, Paper WeCT2-02.3 | Add to My Program |
A Novel Pixel Value Space Statistics Map of the Pulmonary Nodule for Classification in Computerized Tomography Images |
Jiang, Hongyang | Sino-Dutch Biomedical and Information Engineering School, Northe |
Ma, He | Northeastern Univ |
Qian, Wei | Northeastern Univ |
Wei, Guohui | Northeastern Univ |
Zhao, Xinzhuo | Northeastern Univ |
Gao, Mengdi | Sino-Dutch Biomedical and Information Engineering School, Northe |
Keywords: X-ray CT imaging, Image classification, Image feature extraction
Abstract: Accurate assessment of pulmonary nodules can help to diagnose the serious degree of lung cancer. In most computed aided diagnosis (CADx) systems, the feature extraction module plays quite an important role in classifying pulmonary nodules based on different attributes of them. To precisely evaluate the malignancy of an unknown pulmonary nodule, this paper first proposes a novel pixel value space statistics map (PVSSM) for pulmonary nodules classification. By means of PVSSM this study can transform an original two-dimensional (2D) or three-dimensional (3D) pulmonary nodule into a 2D feature matrix, which contributes to better classifying a pulmonary nodule. To validate the proposed method, this study assembled 5385 valid 3D nodules from 1006 cases in LIDC-IDRI database. This study extracts sets of features from the created feature matrixes by singular value decomposition (SVD) method. Using several popular classifiers including KNN, random forest and SVM, we acquire the classification accuracies of 77.29%, 80.07% and 84.21%, respectively. Moreover, this study also utilizes the convolutional neural network (CNN) to assess the malignancy of nodules and the sensitivity, specificity and area under the curve (AUC) reach up to 86.0%, 88.5% and 0.913, respectively. Experiments demonstrate that the PVSSM has a benefit for nodules classification.
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16:16-16:18, Paper WeCT2-02.4 | Add to My Program |
Dose Calculation in Computerized Tomography |
Morató, Sergio | Inst. for Industrial, Radiophysical and Environmental Safety |
García, Clara | ISIRYM |
Juste, Belen | Pol. Univ. of Valencia |
Miró, Rafael | Pol. Univ. of Valencia |
Verdú, Gumersindo | Pol. Univ. of Valencia |
Keywords: X-ray CT imaging, X-ray imaging applications, X-ray radiography
Abstract: The purpose of this work is to develop an automated methodology to obtain the dose received by a patient, classified by organs, after being subjected to the use of ionizing radiation for the CT images acquisition. The methodology starts from CT images, these images are automatically segmented and voxelized taking into count the CT numbers in order to obtain a 3D model used in Monte Carlo Simulations to calculate the dose inside the patient. Monte Carlo codes used in this work are MCNP.6.1.1 whose results will be taken as a reference values and MC-GPU, which appears to be a good candidate to be implemented in the methodology because his GPU parallelization is reflected in a high speed calculation. Results shows a good fit between simulated values obtained by MC-GPU and MCNP6.1.1.
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16:18-16:20, Paper WeCT2-02.5 | Add to My Program |
Intervertebral Disc Detection in X-Ray Images Using Faster R-CNN |
Sa, Ruhan | State Univ. of New York (SUNY) at Buffalo |
Owens Jr, William | State Univ. of New York (SUNY) at Buffalo |
Wiegand, Raymond | Spine Metrics, Inc |
Studin, Mark | Univ. of Bridgeport Coll. of Chiropractic |
Capoferri, Donald | Acad. of Chiropractic |
Bahoora, Kenneth | Acad. of Chiropractic |
Greaux, Alexander | Acad. of Chiropractic |
Rattray, Robbrey | Acad. of Chiropractic |
Hutton, Adam | Acad. of Chiropractic |
Cintineo, John | Acad. of Chiropractic |
Chaudhary, Vipin | SUNY Buffalo |
Keywords: X-ray imaging applications, X-ray radiography, Image segmentation
Abstract: Automatic identification of specific osseous landmarks on the spinal radiograph can be used to automate calculations for correcting ligament instability and injury, which affect 75% of patients injured in motor vehicle accidents. In this work, we propose to use deep learning based object detection method as the first step towards identifying landmark points in lateral lumbar X-ray images. The significant breakthrough of deep learning technology has made it a prevailing choice for perception based applications, however, the lack of large annotated training dataset has brought challenges to utilizing the technology in medical image processing field. In this work, we propose to fine tune a deep network, Faster-RCNN, a state-of-the-art deep detection network in natural image domain, using small annotated clinical datasets. In the exper- iment we show that, by using only 81 lateral lumbar X-Ray training images, one can achieve much better performance compared to traditional sliding window detection method on hand crafted features. Furthermore, we fine-tuned the network using 974 training images and tested on 108 images, which achieved average precision of 0.905 with average computation time of 3 second per image, which greatly outperformed traditional methods in terms of accuracy and efficiency.
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16:20-16:22, Paper WeCT2-02.6 | Add to My Program |
Extract-And-Match Geometric Corner and Step Pattern Approach for Registration of Fluoroscopic X-Ray Sequences |
Lee, Jimmy Addison | Inst. for Infocomm Res. ASTAR |
Xu, Mengdi | Inst. for Infocomm Res |
Cheng, Jun | Inst. for Infocomm Res. AStar |
Fu, Huazhu | Inst. for Infocomm Res. A*STAR |
Wong, Damon | Inst. for Infocomm Res |
Foin, Nicolas | National Heart Centre Singapore |
Keywords: Ultrasound imaging - Cardiac, Ultrasound imaging - Vascular imaging, X-ray CT imaging
Abstract: This paper presents a method to extract-and-match robust corner features based on connecting edges from the edge maps, mainly formed by coronary vascular junctions in fluoroscopic x-ray sequence images. Such images are challenging due to the aperture problem. To overcome this, existing approaches attempt to extract vessels for registration. However, they are ineffective in poor quality images. Our approach describes the extracted robust corner features in a rotation invariant manner using step patterns, followed by matching them effectively. Experimental results show that our approach performs very well (above 80%) in a dataset of poor quality fluoroscopic x-ray image sequences without extensive processing such as segmentation or learning.
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16:22-16:24, Paper WeCT2-02.7 | Add to My Program |
Non-Local Means Filter Denoising for DEXA Images |
Al-antari, Mugahed A. | Department of Biomedical Engineering, Coll. of Electronics And |
Al-masni, Mohammed A. | Department of Biomedical Engineering, Kyung Hee Univ |
Kilany, Mohamed | Kyung Hee Univ |
Hussain, Dildar | Department of Biomedical Engineering, Kyung Hee Univ |
Valarezo Añazco, Edwin | Department of Biomedical Engineering, Kyung Hee Univ. and E |
Rivera, Patricio | Department of Biomedical Engineering, Kyung Hee Univ |
Gi, Geon | Department of Biomedical Engineering, Kyung Hee Univ |
Jeong-min, Park | Department of Biomedical Engineering, Kyung Hee Univ |
Kim, Tae-yeon | Department of Biomedical Engineering, Kyung Hee Univ |
Park, Se-Je | B.M.Tech. Worldwide Ltd. Co., Seongnam, Republic of Korea |
Shin, Jeong-Sik | B.M.Tech. Worldwide Ltd. Co., Seongnam, Republic of Korea |
Han, Seung-Moo | Department of Biomedical Engineering, Coll. of Electronics And |
Kim, Tae-Seong | Kyung Hee Univ |
Keywords: Dual-energy X-ray imaging
Abstract: Abstract—Dual high and low energy images of Dual Energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DEXA) suffer from noises due to the use of weak amount of X-rays. Denoising these DEXA images could be a key process to enhance and improve a Bone Mineral Density (BMD) map which is derived from a pair of high and low energy images. This could further improve the accuracy of diagnosis of bone fractures, osteoporosis, and etc. In this paper, we present a denoising technique for dual high and low energy images of DEXA via non-local means filter (NLMF). The noise of dual DEXA images is modeled based on both source and detector noises of a DEXA system. Then, the parameters of the proposed NLMF are optimized for denoising utilizing the experimental data from uniform phantoms. The optimized NLMF is tested and verified with the DEXA images of the uniform phantoms and real human spine. The quantitative evaluation shows the improvement of Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) for the high and low phantom images on the order of 30.36% and 27.02% and for the high and low real spine images on the order of 22.28% and 33.43%, respectively. Our work suggests that denoising via NLMF could be a key preprocessing process for clinical DEXA imaging. Keywords—DEXA Images; DEXA Noise Modeling; Non-local Means Filter (NLMF).
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16:24-16:26, Paper WeCT2-02.8 | Add to My Program |
Automatic Vertebrae Localization from CT Scans Using Volumetric Descriptors |
Karsten, Juan | Univ. of St Andrews |
Arandjelovic, Ognjen | Univ. of St Andrews |
Keywords: X-ray CT imaging, Imaging Informatics - Image analysis, processing and classification, Image classification
Abstract: The localization and identification of vertebrae in spinal CT images plays an important role in many clinical applications, such as spinal disease diagnosis, surgery planning, and post-surgery assessment. However, automatic vertebrae localization presents numerous challenges due to partial visibility, appearance similarity of different vertebrae, varying data quality, and the presence of pathologies. Most existing methods require prior information on which vertebrae are present in a scan, and perform poorly on pathological cases, making them of little practical value. In this paper we describe three novel types of local information descriptors which are used to build more complex contextual features, and train a random forest classifier. The three features are progressively more complex, systematically addressing a greater number of limitations of the current state of the art.
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16:26-16:28, Paper WeCT2-02.9 | Add to My Program |
Development of Semi-Automatic Procedure for Detection and Tracking of Fiducial Markers for Orofacial Kinematics During Natural Feeding |
Bunyak, Filiz | Univ. of Missouri Columbia |
Shiraishi, Naru | Niigata Univ |
Palaniappan, Kannappan | Univ. of Missouri-Columbia |
Lever, Teresa | Univ. of Missouri |
Avivi-Arber, Limor | 1961 |
Takahashi, Kazutaka | Univ. of Chicago |
Keywords: X-ray imaging applications, Image feature extraction, Image reconstruction and enhancement - Image synthesis
Abstract: Feeding is a highly complex, essential behavior for survival in all species. Characterization of feeding behaviors has implications in basic science and translational medicine. We have been developing methods to study feeding behaviors using high speed videofluoroscopy (XROMM) in rats while selffeeding radiopaque flavored kibble. The rat is a popular model in translational medicine; however, it has not been studied using this methodology. Towards this goal, we surgically implanted radiopaque fiducial markers into the skull, mandible, and tongue of rats to enable motion tracking. We are developing computer vision tools to extract kinematics and behavioral features from XROMM videos to overcome barriers of current analysis methods. By understanding feeding dynamics, we will gain basic scientific knowledge and translational insights for feeding disorders caused by neurological conditions such as ALS, Parkinson’s disease, and stroke.
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16:28-16:30, Paper WeCT2-02.10 | Add to My Program |
Patient-Specific Respiratory Motion Estimation Using Sparse Motion Field Presentation |
Chen, Dong | Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ |
Xie, Hongzhi | Peking Union Medical Coll. Hospital |
Zhang, Shuyang | Peking Union Medical Coll. Hospital |
Chen, Weisheng | Affiliated East Hospital of Xiamen Univ |
Gu, Lixu | Shanghai Jiaotong Univ |
Keywords: X-ray imaging applications
Abstract: Respiratory motion estimation plays a significant role in radiation therapy. Previous motion estimation approaches usually depended on 4DCT, which introduced extra radio dose for patients, and the local motion details were ignored in the statistical model. In this paper, we propose a novel estimation framework, which employs the Sparse Motion Field Presentation (SMFP) method to obtain a coarse motion estimation which preserves patient-specific respiratory motion details and an Adaptive Variable Coefficient (AVC) motion prior registration approach is applied for the accurate estimation. The experimental results show that the proposed framework effectively preserved the local motion details and achieved more accurate motion estimations compared to the Mean Motion Model (MMM) and the Principal Component Analysis (PCA) model. We achieved motion estimations for diaphragmatic breathing type, thoracic breathing type and mixed type, respectively. The accuracy measured in the average symmetric surface distance (standard deviation) were 1.9(0.9) mm, 2.4(1.1) mm and 2.2(1.0) mm, when the sum of squared intensity difference (SSD) were 5.0, 6.1 and 5.6, respectively.
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16:30-16:32, Paper WeCT2-02.11 | Add to My Program |
A Novel Hybrid Approach for Reconstruction of Coronary Bifurcations Using Angiography and OCT |
Andrikos, Ioannis | Univ. of Ioannina |
Sakellarios, Antonis | Unit of Medical Tech. and Application Systems, Dept of Mate |
Siogkas, Panagiotis | FORTH-IMBB |
Rigas, Georgios | Univ. of Ioannina |
Exarchos, Themis P. | Unit of Medical Tech. & Intelligent Info |
Athanasiou, Lambros | Massachusetts Inst. of Tech |
Karanasos, Antonis | Medical School, Univ. of Athens |
Toutouzas, Kostas | Medical School, Univ. of Athens |
Tousoulis, Dimitris | Medical School, Univ. of Athens |
Michalis, Lampros | Univ. of Ioannina |
Fotiadis, Dimitrios I. | Univ. of Ioannina |
Keywords: X-ray imaging applications, Optical imaging and microscopy - Optical vascular imaging, Image segmentation
Abstract: The aim of this study is to present a new method for three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction of coronary bifurcations using biplane Coronary Angiographies and Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) imaging. The method is based on a five step approach by improving a previous validated work in order to reconstruct coronary arterial bifurcations. In the first step the lumen borders are detected on the Frequency Domain (FD) OCT images. In the second step a semi-automated method is implemented on two angiographies for the extraction of the 2D bifurcation coronary artery centerline. In the third step the 3D path of the bifurcation artery is extracted based on a back projection algorithm. In the fourth step the lumen borders are placed onto the 3D catheter path. Finally, in the fifth step the intersection of the main and side branches produces the reconstructed model of the coronary bifurcation artery. Data from three patients are acquired for the validation of the proposed methodology and the results are compared against a reconstruction method using quantitative coronary angiography (QCA). The comparison between the two methods is achieved using morphological measures of the vessels as well as comparison of the wall shear stress (WSS) mean values.
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16:32-16:34, Paper WeCT2-02.12 | Add to My Program |
Characterization of Dental Pathologies Using Digital Panoramic X-Ray Images Based on Texture Analysis |
K, VEENA DIVYA | R.V.Coll. OF ENGINEERING, BENGALURU |
Jatti, Dr.Anand | RVCE, Bengaluru |
joshi, revan | D.A. Pandu Memorial R.V. Dental Coll. and Hospital, |
Krishna.S, Dr.Deepu | Appolo Hospital, Bengaluru |
Keywords: X-ray radiography
Abstract: Dental caries and the cysts of jaws are frequently occurring pathologies encountered in a dental practice. Imaging of these dental anomalies is done with radiographic examination. Panoramic radiography/ Orthopantomography (OPG) is a common modality to screen patients with an advantage of ease of imaging and reduced exposure to patients. The panoramic images obtained with this equipment are exploited by noise embedded during its acquisition making the detection of this dental caries difficult. Detection and characterization of dental caries and various other maxilla-facial pathologies can be achieved by the application of computer aided image processing algorithms applied on dental panoramic images. This paper presents two distinct image processing algorithms for detection of dental anomalies. The first part of this paper presents a novel approach for detection of dental caries using hybridized negative transformation. The second part of paper presents, statistical texture analysis for the dental images containing cysts along with dental caries. The texture analysis is used when the objects to be segmented based on texture content rather than intensities. The texture of panoramic image is characterized by Gray Level Co-occurrence Matrix (GLCM). The texture features obtained from the GLCM are energy, entropy, homogeneity, contrast and correlation. These texture features can be used to find texture boundaries to obtain segmentation about the region of cysts. Results obtained by both the methods were satisfactory correlating with the diagnosis made by the maxillofacial radiologists.
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WeCT3 |
Park Room |
Ignite Session W-03 |
Ignite Session |
Chair: Halici, Ugur | Middle East Tech. Univ |
Co-Chair: Kim, Chulhong | Pohang Univ. of Science and Tech | |
16:10-16:28, Subsession WeCT3-01, Park Room | |
Image Classification and Feature Extraction I Poster Session, 9 papers |
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16:10-16:24, Subsession WeCT3-02, Park Room | |
Image Segmentation II Poster Session, 7 papers |
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16:10-16:26, Subsession WeCT3-03, Park Room | |
Machine Learning in Imaging III Poster Session, 8 papers |
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WeCT3-01 Poster Session, Park Room |
Add to My Program |
Image Classification and Feature Extraction I |
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16:10-16:12, Paper WeCT3-01.1 | Add to My Program |
Glaucoma Classification from Retina Optical Coherence Tomography Angiogram |
Ong, Ee Ping | Inst. for Infocomm Res |
Cheng, Jun | Inst. for Infocomm Res. AStar |
Wong, Damon | Inst. for Infocomm Res |
Liu, jiang | Ningbo Inst. of Materials Tech. and Engineering, Chinese |
Tay, Elton L.T. | Tan Tock Seng Hospital |
Yip, Leonard W.L. | Tan Tock Seng Hospital |
Keywords: Image classification, Retinal imaging
Abstract: This paper presents a new method for classification of retina into Glaucoma and non-Glaucoma cases based on optical coherence tomography angiogram (OCTA). The key idea here is to analyze the retinal microvasculature in the optic disc area of an enface OCTA for glaucoma classification. To facilitate this analysis, we propose a way to extract a so-called “retinal micro-vasculature” region and then propose several features that will be extracted from this microvasculature region. A machine classifier is then trained using the designated features and subsequently used to classify the OCTA data. We show that our proposed approach works well on the tested dataset.
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16:12-16:14, Paper WeCT3-01.2 | Add to My Program |
Analyzing Orientation Patterns of Human Skin Fibroblasts Using Image Gradient Information |
Bashar, Khayrul | Ochanomizu Univ |
Hashimoto, Kei | Program for Leading Graduate School, Graduate School of Humaniti |
Gotoh, Mari | Endowed Res. Div. of Human Welfare Sciences |
Kori, Hiroshi | Program for Leading Graduate School, Department of Information S |
Keywords: Image feature extraction, Functional image analysis, Image classification
Abstract: Fibroblasts are the cells within the dermis layer of skin which are responsible for generating connective tissue, where collagen is the main component. However, the effects of collagen on the motion behavior of human skin fibroblasts were not studied well. We therefore propose an image analysis method to quantify the effects of collagen on the motion characteristics of fibroblasts. Images are divided into disjoint blocks and three gradient based descriptors, namely histogram of oriented gradients (HOG), the modified HOG (modiHOG), and the gradient direction histogram (GDH) are then applied to each block. These features can extract the orientation and shape or orientation only information of the skin fibroblasts from images. An orientation similarity function and a quantitative index, called first minimum similarity distance, are defined to quantify the orientation behavior of fibroblasts. An experiment with two sets of fibroblasts images, obtained from cell culture with and without collagen coating, demonstrates that the skin fibroblasts produce smaller orientation patterns, when they are cultured in the presence of collagen proteins. A statistical t-test is then performed, which validates the significant differences in the orientation behavior of the skin fibroblasts in the two cases mentioned.
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16:14-16:16, Paper WeCT3-01.3 | Add to My Program |
Hair and Bare Skin Discrimination for Laser-Assisted Hair Removal Systems |
Cayir, Sercan | Tobb EtÜ |
Yetik, Imam Samil | TOBB Univ. of Ec. and Tech |
Keywords: Image classification, Image segmentation, Image feature extraction
Abstract: Laser-assisted hair removal devices aim to remove body hair permanently. In most cases, these devices irradiate the whole area of the skin with a homogenous power density. Thus, a significant portion of the skin, where hair is not present, is burnt unnecessarily causing health risks. Therefore, methods that can distinguish hair regions automatically would be very helpful avoiding these unnecessary applications of laser. This study proposes a new system of algorithms to detect hair regions with the help of a digital camera. Unlike previous limited number of studies, our methods are very fast allowing for real-time application. Proposed methods are based on certain features derived from histograms of hair and skin regions. We compare our algorithm with competing methods in terms of localization performance and computation time and show that a much faster real-time accurate localization of hair regions is possible with the proposed method.
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16:16-16:18, Paper WeCT3-01.4 | Add to My Program |
Fully Automated Detection of Lamina Cribrosa in Optical Coherence Tomography: Framework and Illustrative Examples |
Syga, Piotr | Faculty of Fundamental Problems of Tech. Wrocł Aw Univ |
Sielużycki, Cezary | Faculty of Fundamental Problems of Tech. Wrocł Aw Univ |
Krzyżanowska-Berkowska, Patrycja | Ophthalmology Clinic, Wrocł Aw Medical Univ |
Iskander, D Robert | Wroclaw Univ. of Tech |
Keywords: Image feature extraction, Optical imaging - Coherence tomography
Abstract: We present an algorithm for automated detection of lamina cribrosa (LC) using optical coherence tomography scans. To the best of our knowledge, it is the first algorithm of this type, as previous attempts relied heavily on characteristic points marked a priori by a human expert and were hence semi-automated at best. First, we highlight the unwanted, yet unavoidable, influence of image rescaling necessary to provide the detection algorithm with real-world image proportions. Next, we simulate an LC phantom and test the influence of various combinations of the rescaling method and SNRs on the LC detection efficacy. Finally, we present some illustrative results from real-data analysis.
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16:18-16:20, Paper WeCT3-01.5 | Add to My Program |
Stability Assessment of Radiomic Features Computed on ADC Maps in Soft-Tissue Sarcoma |
Bologna, Marco | Pol. Di Milano |
Montin, Eros | Pol. Di Milano |
Corino, Valentina | Pol. Di Milano |
Mainardi, Luca | Pol. Di Milano |
Keywords: Image feature extraction
Abstract: Radiomics extracts a large number of image features from medical images to quantitatively characterize the images. Aim of this study was to assess radiomic features stability and relevance. Apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) maps were computed from diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance images (DW-MRI) of 19 patients diagnosed with soft-tissue sarcomas (STSs). Sixty-nine radiomic features, belonging to intensity-based and texture-based features, were computed on the regions of interest (ROIs). First, ROIs of the images were subjected to translations and rotations in specific ranges. The 69 features computed on the original and transformed ROIs were compared in terms of percentage of variations. The intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC) was computed. To be accepted, a feature should satisfy the following conditions: the ICC after a minimum entity transformation is > 0.6 and the ICC after a maximum entity translation is < 0.4. In total, 58 out of 69 features were accepted by the algorithm.
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16:20-16:22, Paper WeCT3-01.6 | Add to My Program |
A Mrmrmsrc Feature Selection Method for Radiomics Approach |
Liu, Tongtong | Fudan Univ |
Wu, Guoqing | Fudan Univ |
Yu, Jinhua | Fudan Univ |
Guo, Yi | Fudan Univ |
Wang, Yuanyuan | Fudan Univ |
Shi, Zhifeng | Huanshan Hospital |
Chen, Liang | Huanshan Hospital |
Keywords: Image classification, Image feature extraction, Magnetic resonance imaging - MR neuroimaging
Abstract: Radiomics can convert digital images to mineable data by extracting a huge number of image features. Because of the high dimensions of radiomics features, feature selection is a very important step which affects the performance of the final prediction or classification. In this paper, we propose a feature selection criterion for radiomics analysis of glioma based on Magnetic Resonance Image (MRI). The proposed method named as minimum Redundancy, Maximum Relevance and Maximum Sparse Representation Coefficient (mRMRMSRC) criterion, which take three factors into consideration at the same time: relevance between features and labels with or without the influence of all other features, and redundancy between each couple of features. Different from traditional feature selection method, the mRMRMSRC manifests the best performance compared with the methods based on sparse representation coefficient (SRC), minimum redundancy maximum relevance (mRMR), F_score and ReliefF. We conducted our methods on glioma Isocitrate Dehydrogenase 1 (IDH1) estimation. The experiment showed that mRMRMSRC produced area under the ROC curve (AUC) of 90% compared with 77%-89% of state-of-art methods.
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16:22-16:24, Paper WeCT3-01.7 | Add to My Program |
Application of MRI Texture Analysis in the Study of the Posterior Fossa Tumors Growing Trend in Children |
Li, Mengmeng | Zhengzhou Univ |
Shang, Zhigang | Zhengzhou Univ |
Dong, Yonghui | Zhengzhou Univ |
Zhang, Yong | The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou Univ |
Li, Ya | The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou Univ |
Keywords: Image feature extraction, Brain image analysis, Image classification
Abstract: In order to analyze the growing trend of the posterior fossa tumor in children and provide assistant basis for the treatment or surgery of tumors, a variety of texture analysis methods were comprehensive used to analyze and identify three kinds of brain tissues, tumor region, tumor diffusion region and normal brain tissue region. The MRIs of tumor patients were collected to extract texture features. Then feature selection method CFS and feature compression method partial least squares regression (PLSR) were used to process these feature space. Finally, different classification methods were used to identify three classes samples expressed in different forms. The classification results of all features show that texture analysis can be used to analyze the growing trend of the tumor and provide sufficient support for the prediction of it. The CFS subsets results show that the specific texture features have important value for qualitative analysis and discrimination of three kinds of tissues. PLSR compressed sets results confirmed the above results and provide intuitive display of compressed sample space distribution.
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16:24-16:26, Paper WeCT3-01.8 | Add to My Program |
Preoperative Parathyroid Localization Using Joint Planar Imaging |
Srikram, Richalannaphat | Faculty of Engineering, Chulalongkorn Univ |
Jarumaneeroj, Pisit | Chulalongkorn Univ |
Chaiwatanarat, Tawatchai | Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn Univ |
Rakvongthai, Yothin | Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn Univ |
Keywords: Image enhancement, PET and SPECT imaging, Image enhancement - Denoising
Abstract: The conventional approach for preoperative parathyroid localization with the dual Tc99m-sestamibi (Tc99m-MIBI) and Tc99m-pertechnetate (Tc99mO4) scintigraphy technique obtains the differential image by subtracting images from the two scans; the former depicts both the thyroid and parathyroid glands while the latter depicts the thyroid only. In this study, we developed a novel method based on Poisson noise modeling and maximum-likelihood estimation to generate the differential image in an iterative fashion using both planar images jointly. We demonstrated improved performance of our joint method as compared with the subtraction method in both phantom and patient studies. In the phantom study, we acquired two noise-free planar datasets using Tc99m on an in-house thyroid phantom and a "lesion" bead (representing a parathyroid gland) with the same attenuation background as the thyroid phantom. These two planar datasets were combined and scaled to simulate noise-free clinical MIBI (four lesion-to-background contrast (LBC) values: 1.2, 1.3, 1.4 and 1.5), and Tc99mO4 datasets. One-hundred Poisson noise realizations were generated for each datasets. The mean and standard deviation (SD) of the lesion contrast in the differential images were computed for both the subtraction and the joint methods. We also applied both the subtraction and the joint methods to one parathyroid patient dataset. The voxel-wise mean-to-SD ratios in four hyperfunctioning parathyroid lesions were calculated. The phantom results showed that the joint method at the 50th iteration yielded a significant SD reduction compared with the subtraction method ranging from 20% to 45% (p<0.05). Similarly, the voxel-wise mean-to-SD ratios were substantially improved in the patient study from 0.40-1.60 (subtraction) to 2.68-3.16 (joint).
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16:26-16:28, Paper WeCT3-01.9 | Add to My Program |
Fully Automated Blink Detection for Uveal Melanoma Radiotherapy |
Cavusculu, Melih Ege | Tobb EtÜ |
Yetik, Imam Samil | TOBB Univ. of Ec. and Tech |
Yeginer, Mete | Hacettepe Univ |
Keywords: Image classification, Image segmentation
Abstract: Uveal melanoma is a widespread neoplasm in the eye that cause vision defects. The disease may result in loss of eye, even loss of life with a risk of metastasis to other tissues. There have been proposed various treatment methods to overcome the disease including enucleation and radiotherapy. Radiotherapy treatment is certainly preferable since it avoids the loss of eye. The treatment is applied with radioactive beam directed to the tumor, and thus the eye must be kept steady usually with local anesthesia. However, anesthesia has many health risks; therefore it is preferable to perform this operation without it. This paper presents an approach where a camera will be recording the eye and the radiotherapy will immediately be halted when the eye is closed to avoid unnecessary beams directed to healthy regions of the eye. System is based on the classification of the acquired image frames as “eye open” and “eye closed”. The speed of the algorithm is aimed as close as possible to real time so that it can respond instantly to any change in present eye state. A total of 480 video frames, 120 frames for each open and closed eyes in bright and dark lighting conditions separately, were used for experimentation. Test results indicate that developed features are successful in terms of being very fast providing no classification error.
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WeCT3-02 Poster Session, Park Room |
Add to My Program |
Image Segmentation II |
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16:10-16:12, Paper WeCT3-02.1 | Add to My Program |
Automated Ovarian Follicular Monitoring: A Novel Real-Time Approach |
Faghih, Rose T. | Univ. of Houston |
Styer, Aaron | Harvard Medical School |
Brown, Emery N | MGH-Harvard Medical School-MIT |
Keywords: Image segmentation, Ultrasound imaging - Prenatal, Image feature extraction
Abstract: Ovarian follicular monitoring is an essential diagnostic tool in obstetrics and gynecology to evaluate ovarian reserve and to estimate follicular and ovarian response to fertility treatment. Given the significant time requirement, inconvenience measuring follicles and estimating follicular development during multiple examinations, and variable results of different clinicians performing monitoring, complete automation of follicular monitoring is necessary. Computerized follicle detection is currently either semi-automated or has low performance due to limiting factors: (1) noise, (2) detecting multiple follicles very close to each other as one follicle region without finding the boundary of individual follicles, and (3) not being fast enough to be used in real-time clinical practice. To overcome these limitations, we handle noise by singular value decomposition based image compression followed by an anisotropic diffusion scheme for multiplicative speckle, and detect follicles by performing different segmentation techniques depending on features of the image (such as pixel intensity level) and features of the detected follicle areas (such as roundness). This approach allows for rapid identification and measurement of individual follicles with the ability to differentiate between the borders of adjacent follicles and the boundary between the follicle and ovarian stroma.
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16:12-16:14, Paper WeCT3-02.2 | Add to My Program |
An Embedded System for Image Segmentation and Multimodal Registration in Noninvasive Skin Cancer Screening |
Diaz, Silvana | Univ. of Concepcion |
Soto, Javier E. | Univ. De Concepción |
Inostroza, Fabián | Univ. De Concepción |
Godoy, Sebastián E. | Univ. De Concepción |
Figueroa, Miguel | Univ. De Concepcion |
Keywords: Image segmentation, Multimodal image fusion, Image feature extraction
Abstract: We present a heterogeneous architecture for image registration and multimodal segmentation on an embedded system for noninvasive skin cancer screening. The architecture combines Otsu thresholding and the random walker algorithm to perform image segmentation, and features a hardware implementation of the Harris corner detection algorithm to perform region-of-interest detection and image registration. Running on a Xilinx XC7Z020 reconfigurable system-on-a-chip, our prototype computes the initial segmentation of a 400x400-pixel region of interest in the visible spectrum in 12.1 seconds, and registers infrared images against this region at 540 frames per second, while consuming 1.9W.
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16:14-16:16, Paper WeCT3-02.3 | Add to My Program |
Using Cystoscopy to Segment Bladder Tumors with a Multivariate Approach in Different Color Spaces |
Freitas, Nuno Renato | Univ. of Minho |
Vieira, Pedro Miguel | Univ. of Minho |
Brandao Lima, Verissimo | Univ. Do Minho |
Lima, Estêvão | ICVS/3Bs |
Lima, Carlos Manuel Gregorio Santos | Univ. of Minho |
Keywords: Image segmentation, Optical imaging
Abstract: Nowadays the diagnosis of bladder lesions relies upon cystoscopy examination and depends on the interpreter’s experience. State of the art of bladder tumor identification are based on 3D reconstruction, using CT images (Virtual Cystoscopy) or images where the structures are exalted with the use of pigmentation, but none uses white light cystoscopy images. An initial attempt to automatically identify tumoral tissue was already developed by the authors and this paper will develop this idea. Traditional cystoscopy images processing has a huge potential to improve early tumor detection and allows a more effective treatment. In this paper is described a multivariate approach to do segmentation of bladder cystoscopy images, that will be used to automatically detect and improve physician diagnose. Each region can be assumed as a normal distribution with specific parameters, leading to the assumption that the distribution of intensities is a Gaussian Mixture Model (GMM). Region of high grade and low grade tumors, usually appears with higher intensity than normal regions. This paper proposes a Maximum a Posteriori (MAP) approach based on pixel intensities read simultaneously in different color channels from RGB, HSV and CIELab color spaces. The Expectation-Maximization (EM) algorithm is used to estimate the best multivariate GMM parameters. Experimental results show that the proposed method does bladder tumor segmentation into two classes in a more efficient way in RGB even in cases where the tumor shape is not well defined. Results also show that the elimination of component L from CIELab color space does not allow definition of the tumor shape.
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16:16-16:18, Paper WeCT3-02.4 | Add to My Program |
Robust MR Image Segmentation Using the Trimmed Likelihood Estimator in Asymmetric Student’s-T Mixture Model |
Zhou, Yi | East China Univ. of Science and Tech |
Zhu, Hongqing | East China Univ. of Science and Tech |
Tao, Xuan | East China Univ. of Science and Tech |
Keywords: Multivariate image analysis, Image segmentation
Abstract: Finite mixture model (FMM) has been widely used for unsupervised segmentation of magnetic resonance (MR) images in recent years. However, in real applications, the distribution of the observed data usually contains an unknown fraction of outliers, which would interfere with the estimation of the parameters of the mixture model. The statistical model-based technique which provides a theoretically well segmentation criterion in presence of outliers is the mixture modeling and the trimming approach. Therefore, in this paper, a robust estimation of asymmetric Student’s-t mixture model (ASMM) using the trimmed likelihood estimator for MR image segmentation has been proposed. The proposed method is supposed to discard the outliers, and then to estimate the parameters of the ASMM with the remaining samples. The advantages of the proposed algorithm are that its robustness to dispose the disturbance of outliers and its flexibility to describe various shapes of data. Finally, expectation-maximization (EM) algorithm is adopted to maximize the log-likelihood and to obtain the estimation of the parameters. The experimental results show that the proposed method has a better performance on the segmentation of synthetic data and real MR images.
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16:18-16:20, Paper WeCT3-02.5 | Add to My Program |
Semi-Automated Enhanced Breast Tumor Segmentation for CT Image |
Wang, Chao | Harbin Univ. of Science and Tech |
Li, Meng | Southeast Univ |
Liu, Xia | Harbin Univ. of Science and Tech |
Liu, Zaiyi | Department of Radiology, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong A |
Zang, Yali | Inst. of Automation, Chinese Acad. of Sciences |
Liu, Zhenyu | Inst. of Automation, Chinese Acad. of Sciences |
Dong, Di | Chinese Acad. of Sciences |
Liang, changhong | Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital |
Tian, Jie | Chinese Acad. of Sciences |
Keywords: Image segmentation, X-ray CT imaging
Abstract: Accurate detection of breast cancer region is essential for treatment. X-ray computed tomography (CT) is an effective diagnostic method of breast cancer besides MRI and ultrasound. In this paper, a semi-automated breast cancer segmentation method was proposed to CT images. First, maximum region searching was used to find the rough boundary of the lesion. Then, a modified Histogram Equalization with Iterative-Filling was adopted to enhance the lesion and avoid the unbalanced intensity in the target region. Finally, a four-seeds Random Walk was used for accurate segmentation. The method was validated on a clinical dataset with 50 cases containing 630 slices in total. The experiments showed that the Dice Coefficient of our method was 88.6%, which was higher than that of Random Walk (76.9%) and Graph-Cut (79.8%).
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16:20-16:22, Paper WeCT3-02.6 | Add to My Program |
Cardiac Image Segmentation Using Generalized Polynomial Chaos Expansion and Level Set Function |
DU, DONGPING | Texas Tech. Univ |
Du, Yuncheng | Clarkson Univ |
Keywords: Image segmentation, Cardiac imaging and image analysis
Abstract: Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance (CMR) images involves a great amount of uncertainties. Such uncertainties may originate from either intrinsic measurement limitations or heterogeneities among patients. Without properly considering these uncertainties, image analysis may provide inaccurate estimations of cardiac functions, and ultimately lead to false diagnosis and inappropriate treatment strategy. In this work, a stochastic image segmentation algorithm is developed to separate cardiac chambers from the background of CMR images. To account for noise and uncertainties in pixel values, a generalized polynomial chaos (gPC) expansion is integrated with a level set function to dynamically evolve boundaries of cardiac chambers. Two consecutive steps are developed: a deterministic segmentation to identify an immediate neighborhood of boundary, of which pixel values are used to calibrate the gPC model; and a stochastic segmentation applied to the neighborhood region to evolve boundaries of cardiac chambers in a stochastic manner. The proposed method can provide a probabilistic description of the segmented heart boundary, which will greatly improve the reliability of image analysis, and potentially enhanced cardiac function evaluation.
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16:22-16:24, Paper WeCT3-02.7 | Add to My Program |
Automated Lesion Segmentation and Dermoscopic Feature Segmentation for Skin Cancer Analysis |
Pezhman Pour, Mansoureh | Northumbria Univ |
Seker, Huseyin | The Univ. of Northumbria at Newcastle |
Shao, Ling | Univ. of East Anglia |
Keywords: Image segmentation, Image feature extraction
Abstract: Segmentation is the first and most important task in computer-based diagnosis of skin cancer since other tasks are relied mainly on accurately segmented lesions. Recently, deep learning as a mainstream method in machine learning has shown promising results on semantic image segmentation. In this paper, we demonstrate applying deep convolutional networks to two main segmentation tasks in melanoma diagnosis, a lesion segmentation task followed by a lesion dermoscopic feature segmentation task. The proposed method is evaluated on a database from ISBI challenge 2016. By using a hybrid model, computation load for the second task decreases and masks provided by lesion segmentation have been used to enhance the results for the feature segmentation task as well. The results are close to the best results of ISBI challenge 2016. The proposed model yields quite promising results although it is based on very initial hybrid model without an aggressive fine-tuning that is heavily required in Deep Learning implementations. Therefore, there is a room for further improvements.
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WeCT3-03 Poster Session, Park Room |
Add to My Program |
Machine Learning in Imaging III |
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16:10-16:12, Paper WeCT3-03.1 | Add to My Program |
Retinal Hemorrhage Detection by Rule-Based and Machine Learning Approach |
Xiao, Di | Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Res. Organization |
Yu, Shuang | Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Res. Organization |
Vignarajan, Janardhan | CSIRO |
An, Dong | Lions Eye Inst |
Tay-Kearney, Mei-Ling | Royal Perth Hospital |
Kanagasingam, Yogi | The Australian Ehealth Res. Centre, Perth, CSIRO |
Keywords: Retinal imaging, Image feature extraction, Image segmentation
Abstract: Robust detection of hemorrhages (HMs) in color fundus image is important in an automatic diabetic retinopathy grading system. Detection of the hemorrhages that are close to or connected with retinal blood vessels was found to be challenge. However, most methods didn’t provide good solution, even some of them mentioned this issue. In this paper, we proposed a novel hemorrhage detection method based on rule-based and machine learning methods. We focused on the improvement of detection of the hemorrhages that are close to or connected with retinal blood vessels, besides detecting the independent hemorrhage regions. A preliminary test for detecting HM presence was conducted on the images from two databases. We achieved sensitivity and specificity of 93.3% and 88% as well as 91.9% and 85.6% on the two datasets.
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16:12-16:14, Paper WeCT3-03.2 | Add to My Program |
Image Quality Classification for DR Screening Using Deep Learning |
Yu, FengLi | Nanjing Univ. of Aeronautics and Astronautics |
Sun, Jing | Nanjing Univ. of Aeronautics and Astronautics |
Li, Annan | Inst. for Infocomm Res. ASTAR |
Cheng, Jun | Inst. for Infocomm Res. AStar |
Wan, Cheng | Nanjing Univ. of Aeronautics and Astronautics |
Liu, jiang | Ningbo Inst. of Materials Tech. and Engineering, Chinese |
Keywords: Image classification, Image feature extraction
Abstract: The quality of input images significantly affects the outcome of automated diabetic retinopathy (DR) screening systems. Unlike the previous methods that only consider simple low-level features such as hand-crafted geometric and structural features, in this paper we propose a novel method for retinal image quality classification (IQC) that performs computational algorithms imitating the working of the human visual system. The proposed algorithm combines unsupervised features from saliency map and supervised features coming from convolutional neural networks (CNN), which are fed to an SVM to automatically detect high quality vs poor quality retinal fundus images. We demonstrate the superior performance of our proposed algorithm on a large retinal fundus image dataset and the method could achieve higher accuracy than other methods. Although retinal images are used in this study, the methodology is applicable to the image quality assessment and enhancement of other types of medical images.
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16:14-16:16, Paper WeCT3-03.3 | Add to My Program |
Deep Convolutional Neural Networks for Left Ventricle Segmentation |
Horan, Kelsey | The Graduate Center, CUNY |
Molaei, Somayeh | Univ. of Michigan |
Najarian, Kayvan | Univ. of Michigan - Ann Arbor |
Nallamothu, Brahmajee | Univ. of Michigan |
Kahrobaei, Delaram | The Graduate Center, CUNY |
Ebrahim Shiri, Mohammad | Amirkabir Univ. of Tech |
Keywords: Image segmentation, Cardiac imaging and image analysis, Magnetic resonance imaging - Other organs
Abstract: Left ventricle (LV) segmentation is crucial for quantitative cardiac function analysis. Manual segmentation of the endocardium and epicardium is highly cumbersome; physicians limit delineation to the end-diastolic and end-systolic phases. A fully automated system could provide an analysis of cardiac morphology for all phases in a much shorter time. Most of the current LV segmentation methods are semi-automated and require error prone manual initialization. A fully-automated LV segmentation method would expedite the functional analysis of the LV, reduce subjectivity and improve patient experience. We automatically segment the LV wall in cardiac MRI images with a Deep Convolutional Neural Network (DCNN). This algorithm first calculates the probability of a pixel belonging to the LV wall or background and then generates a label based on those probabilities without manual initialization. We then compare these results to the results obtained with another DCNN initialization method using Gabor filters. With Gabor DCNN we obtain an accuracy of 0.97, specificity of 0.984, sensitivity of 0.841 and mean accuracy of 0.902. This shows that Gabor filters perform better than random filters in the DCNN for LV segmentation.
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16:16-16:18, Paper WeCT3-03.4 | Add to My Program |
Deep Learning Based Nucleus Classification in Pancreas Histological Images |
Chang, Young Hwan | Oregon Health and Science Univ |
THIBAULT, Guillaume | Oregon Health & Science Univ |
Madin, Owen | Oregon Health and Science Univ |
Azimi, Vahid | Oregon Health and Science Univ |
Meyers, Cole | Oregon Health and Science Univ |
Johnson, Brett | Oregon Health and Science Univ |
Link, Jason | Oregon Health and Science Univ |
Margolin, Adam | Oregon Health and Science Univ |
Gray, Joe | Oregon Health & Science Univ |
Keywords: Image classification, Image feature extraction, Optical imaging and microscopy - Fluorescence microscopy
Abstract: Tumor specimens contain a variety of healthy cells as well as cancerous cells, and this heterogeneity underlies resistance to various cancer therapies. But this problem has not been thoroughly investigated until recently. Meanwhile, technological breakthroughs in imaging have led to an explosion of molecular and cellular profiling data from large numbers of samples, and modern machine learning approaches including deep learning have been shown to produce encouraging results by finding hidden structures and make accurate predictions. In this paper, we propose a Deep learning based Nucleus Classification (DeepNC) approach using paired histopathology and immunofluorescence labels, and demonstrate its classification prediction power. This method can solve current issue on discrepancy between genomic- or transcriptomic-based and pathology-based tumor purity estimates by improving histological evaluation. We also explain challenges in training a deep learning model for huge dataset.
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16:18-16:20, Paper WeCT3-03.5 | Add to My Program |
Deep Tessellated Retinal Image Detection with Convolutional Neural Networks |
Lyu, Xingzheng | Zhejiang Univ |
Li, Hai | Zhejiang Univ |
Zhen, Yi | Ophthalmic Disease Intelligent Diagnosis Joint Lab. of Sha |
Ji, Xin | Beijing Shanggong Medical Tech. Co., Ltd., Beijing, China |
Zhang, Sanyuan | Zhejiang Univ |
Keywords: Optical imaging, Image classification, Retinal imaging
Abstract: Tessellation in fundus is not only a visible feature for aged-related and myopic maculopathy but also confuse retinal vessel segmentation. The detection of tessellated images is an inevitable processing in retinal image analysis. In this work, we propose a model using convolutional neural network for detecting tessellated images. The input to the model is pre-processed fundus image, and the output indicate whether this photograph has tessellation or not. A database with 12,000 colour retinal images is collected to evaluate the classification performance. The best tessellation classifier achieves accuracy of 97.73% and AUC value of 0.9659 using pretrained GoogLeNet and transfer learning technique.
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16:20-16:22, Paper WeCT3-03.6 | Add to My Program |
Development of Automatic Retinal Vessel Segmentation Method in Fundus Images Via Convolutional Neural Networks |
Song, Joonyoung | Gwangju Inst. of Science and Tech. (GIST) |
Lee, Boreom | Gwangju Inst. of Science and Tech. (GIST) |
Keywords: Image segmentation, Image feature extraction, Retinal vascular imaging
Abstract: The analysis of fundus photograph is one of useful diagnosis tools for diverse retinal diseases such as diabetic retinopathy and hypertensive retinopathy. Specifically, the morphology of retinal vessels in patients is used as a measure of classification in retinal diseases and the automatic processing of fundus image has been investigated widely for diagnostic efficiency. The automatic segmentation of retinal vessels is essential and needs to precede computer-aided diagnosis system. In this study, we propose the method which implements patch-based pixel-wise segmentation with convolutional neural networks (CNNs) in fundus images for automatic retinal vessel segmentation. We construct the network composed of several modules which include convolutional layers and upsampling layers. Feature maps are made by modules and concatenated into a single feature map to capture coarse and fine structures of vessel simultaneously. The concatenated feature map is followed by a convolutional layer for performing a pixel-wise prediction. The performance of the proposed method is measured on DRIVE dataset. We show that our method is comparable to the results of other state-of-the-art algorithms.
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16:22-16:24, Paper WeCT3-03.7 | Add to My Program |
Iterative Deep Convolutional Encoder-Decoder Network for Medical Image Segmentation |
Kim, Jung Uk | Korea Advanced Inst. of Science and Tech. (KAIST) |
Kim, Hak Gu | Korea Advanced Inst. of Science and Tech. (KAIST) |
Ro, Yong Man | Korea Advanced Inst. of Science and Tech |
Keywords: Image segmentation
Abstract: In this paper, we propose a novel medical image segmentation using iterative deep learning framework. We have combined an iterative learning approach and an encoder- decoder network to improve segmentation results, which enables to precisely localize the regions of interest (ROIs) including complex shapes or detailed textures of medical images in an iterative manner. The proposed iterative deep convolutional encoder-decoder network consists of two main paths: convolutional encoder path and convolutional decoder path with iterative learning. Experimental results show that the proposed iterative deep learning framework is able to yield excellent medical image segmentation performances for various medical images. The effectiveness of the proposed method has been proved by comparing with other state-of-the-art medical image segmentation methods.
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16:24-16:26, Paper WeCT3-03.8 | Add to My Program |
Ensemble of Convolutional Neural Networks for Classification of Breast Microcalcification from Mammograms |
Sert, Egemen | Middle East Tech. Univ |
Ertekin, Seyda | Middle East Tech. Univ. Massachusetts Inst. of Tec |
Halici, Ugur | Middle East Tech. Univ |
Keywords: Image classification
Abstract: Human level recall performance in detecting breast cancer considering microcalcifications from mammograms has a recall value between 74.5% and 92.3%. In this research, we approach to breast microcalcification classification problem using convolutional neural networks along with various preprocessing methods such as contrast scaling, dilation, cropping etc. and decision fusion using ensemble of networks. Various experiments on Digital Database for Screening Mammography dataset showed that preprocessing poses great importance on the classification performance. The stand-alone models using the dilation and cropping preprocessing techniques achieved the highest recall value of 91.3%. The ensembles of the stand-alone models surpass this recall value and a 97.3% value of recall is achieved. The ensemble having the highest F1 Score (harmonic mean of precision and recall), which is 94.5%, has a recall value of 94.0%. This recall is still above human level performance and the models achieve competitive results in terms of accuracy, precision, recall and F1 score measures.
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WeCT4 |
Min Room |
Ignite Session W-04 |
Ignite Session |
Chair: Chon, Ki | Univ. of Connecticut |
Co-Chair: Bae, Joonsung | Kangwon National Univ | |
16:10-16:16, Subsession WeCT4-01, Min Room | |
Body Area Network Communication I Poster Session, 3 papers |
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16:10-16:22, Subsession WeCT4-02, Min Room | |
Integrated implantable sensors I Poster Session, 6 papers |
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16:10-16:20, Subsession WeCT4-03, Min Room | |
Optical and Photonic Systems I Poster Session, 5 papers |
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16:10-16:22, Subsession WeCT4-04, Min Room | |
Physiological Modeling and Analysis I Poster Session, 6 papers |
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16:10-16:16, Subsession WeCT4-05, Min Room | |
Power Efficient BSN I Poster Session, 3 papers |
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WeCT4-01 Poster Session, Min Room |
Add to My Program |
Body Area Network Communication I |
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16:10-16:12, Paper WeCT4-01.1 | Add to My Program |
Comparison of Impedance Cardiogram with Continuous Wave Radar Using Body-Contact Antennas |
Buxi, Dilpreet | Monash Univ |
Dugar, Rahul | Monash Univ |
Redouté, Jean-Michel | Monash Univ |
Yuce, Mehmet | Monash Univ |
Keywords: Wearable low power, wireless sensing methods
Abstract: This paper describes a CW radar system with body-contact antennas and basic signal processing. The goal is to assess the signals' reproducibility across different subjects as well as a respiration cycle. Radar signals using body-contact antennas with a carrier frequency of 868 MHz are used to acquire the cardiac activity at the sternum. The radar I and Q channel signals are combined to form their magnitude. Signals are collected from six healthy males during paced breathing conditions. The ECG and ICG signals are acquired simultaneously as reference. The chosen feature in the radar signal is the maximum of its second derivative, which is closest to the ICG B-point. The median and mean absolute errors in PEP in milliseconds between the ICG's B-point and chosen feature in the radar signal range from -6-119.7 ms and 7.8-62.3 ms for all subjects. The results indicate that a reproducible radar signal is obtained from all six subjects. More work is needed on understanding the origin of the radar signals using ultrasound as a comparison.
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16:12-16:14, Paper WeCT4-01.2 | Add to My Program |
A MAC Protocol with High Scalability for Motion Capture Based on Frequency Division Multiple and Time Division Multiple Access |
Zhao, Guoru | Shenzhen Inst. of Advanced Tech. Chinese Acad. Sci |
Li, Jie | Wuhan Univ. of Tech |
Liang, Shengyun | Shenzhen Inst. of Advanced Tech. Chinese Acad. of S |
yongfeng, wang | School of Mechanical Engineering. Hebei Univ. of Tech |
Ma, Yingnan | Beijing Res. Center of Urban System Engineering |
Gao, Xing | Beijing Res. Center of Urban System Engineering |
Keywords: Wearable body sensor networks and telemetric systems, Wearable low power, wireless sensing methods, Wearable wireless sensors, motes and systems
Abstract: A good performance of motion capture, which belongs to body sensor network, depends on a reasonable design of MAC protocol. The purpose of this study is to design a reliable and highly extensible protocol for applying in motion capture. The proposed MAC protocol can easily be actualized by the timer in the chip. With this MAC protocol, the network would be built quickly. One or more nodes could be added easily in the net or deleted randomly from the net. In order to verify the superiority of this protocol, a series of experiments were designed. The results showed that the mean of simulation receive frames for node1-node7 from each stage were very close to the original frames. In addition, the final Pocket Loss Rates for node1-node7 were 0.081%, 0.175%, 0.143%, 0.249%, 0.248%, 0.044% and 1.897%, which could be in the error-allowed range. Thus, this protocol is stable and reliable, which can be widely used to capture human movement signal.
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16:14-16:16, Paper WeCT4-01.3 | Add to My Program |
Modeling and Characterization of Different Channels Based on Human Body Communication |
Li, Jingzhen | Shenzhen Inst. of Advanced Tech. Chinese Acad. of S |
Nie, Zedong | Shenzhen Inst. of Advanced Tech. Chinese Acad. of S |
Liu, Yuhang | Shenzhen Inst. of Advanced Tech |
Wang, Lei | Shenzhen Inst. of Advanced Tech |
Keywords: Wearable antennas and in-body communications, Wearable body sensor networks and telemetric systems
Abstract: Human body communication (HBC), which uses the human body as a transmission medium for electrical signals, provides a prospective communication solution for body sensor networks (BSNs). In this paper, an inhomogeneous model which includes the tissue layers of skin, fat, and muscle is proposed to study the propagation characteristics of different HBC channels. Specifically, the HBC channels, namely, the on-body to on-body (OB-OB)channel, on-body to in-body (OB-IB) channel, in-body to on-body (IB-OB) channel, and in-body to in-body (IB-IB)channel, are studied over different frequencies (from 1MHz to 100MHz) through numerical simulations with finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method. The results show that the gain of OB-IB channel and IB-OB channel is almost the same. The gain of IB-IB channel is greater than other channels in the frequency range 1MHz to 70MHz. In addition, the gain of all channels is associated with the channel length and communication frequency. The simulations are verified by experimental measurements in a porcine tissue sample. The results show that the simulations are in agreement with the measurements.
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WeCT4-02 Poster Session, Min Room |
Add to My Program |
Integrated Implantable Sensors I |
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16:10-16:12, Paper WeCT4-02.1 | Add to My Program |
Reever Control: A Biosignal Controlled Interface |
Cene, Vinicius H. | UFRGS |
Favieiro, Gabriela Winkler | Federal Univ. of Rio Grande Do Sul (UFRGS) |
Nedel, Luciana | UFRGS |
Balbinot, Alexandre | Federal Univ. of Rio Grande Do Sul (UFRGS) |
Keywords: Wearable sensor systems - User centered design and applications, Portable miniaturized systems, Bio-electric sensors - Sensor systems
Abstract: With the development of new technologies, new accessibility solutions have emerged to increase the inclusion of user with disabilities. This paper details the development of Reever Control, an interface based on inertial sensors and sEMG signal processing to control a cursor in a virtual environment. The metrics of time, number of false clicks and average absolute error were used to characterize the system and compare it with Camera Mouse, an image processing-based interface. The Reever Control showed improvements compared to uniaxial control, robustness to artifacts, support of right click and runtime compatible with Camera Mouse.
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16:12-16:14, Paper WeCT4-02.2 | Add to My Program |
A 274μ W Clock Synchronized Wireless Body Area Network IC with Super-Regenerative RSSI for Biomedical Ad-Hoc Network System |
Lee, Yongsu | KAIST |
Yoo, Hoi-Jun | KAIST |
Keywords: Wearable body sensor networks and telemetric systems, Wearable wireless sensors, motes and systems, Wearable low power, wireless sensing methods
Abstract: A clock synchronized multi-node wireless body area network (WBAN) transceiver IC with super-regenerative RSSI is proposed for biomedical ad-hoc network system. The ad-hoc network makes stable communication even in the harsh human body channel condition (<-50 dB attenuation) with low-power consumption. The proposed system consists of two types of IC – a hub and node IC. The hub IC broadcasts the 240 MHz clock signal to the whole node ICs and gather the measured data through body channel communication (BCC). In the node IC, it has 2 key building blocks; 1) Injection locking clock synchronization receiver, and 2) Super-regenerative RSSI (SR-RSSI) and OOK receiver. As a result, the 240 MHz clock is exactly synchronized in the node IC with 90 μW power consumption. And a channel-condition-adapted ad-hoc network is constructed based on the SR-RSSI data. SR-RSSI consumes 184 μW concurrent achieving OOK receiver functionality for the ad-hoc network. The proposed WBAN IC is fabricated in 0.18 μm CMOS technology.
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16:14-16:16, Paper WeCT4-02.3 | Add to My Program |
A Wearable Multi-Pad Electrode Prototype for Selective Functional Electrical Stimulation of Upper Extremities |
Wang, Haipeng | Southeast Univ. Inst. of RF & OE-ICs |
Guo, Aiwen | Southeast Univ |
Bi, zhengyang | Southeast Univ. Key Lab of Bioelectronics |
Li, Fei | Southeast Univ |
Lü, Xiaoying | Southeast Univ |
Wang, Zhigong | Southeast Univ |
Keywords: Wearable body-compliant, flexible and printed electronics, Portable miniaturized systems, Wearable sensor systems - User centered design and applications
Abstract: In this paper, a surface multi-pad stimulation electrode with selective characteristics was designed, it was safe to use and easy to mount. Then a wearable and distributed multi-pad FES prototype combined with sensing, communication and smart technology was designed, which can achieve a fast, intelligent optimization to determine stimulation electrode sites and comfortable stimulation. In addition, in order to improve the application and convenience of FES in the rehabilitation at clinical and home-setting, an Android application (APP) based on smart phone was designed for running an algorithm of searching optimal stimulation site. The prototype has been validated by performing selective stimulation on one healthy subject, and showed that the FES system can automatically determine the stimulation site.
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16:16-16:18, Paper WeCT4-02.4 | Add to My Program |
A Quad-Cantilevered Plate Micro-Sensor for Intracranial Pressure Measurement |
Lalkov, Vasko | New York Univ. Abu Dhabi |
Qasaimeh, Mohammad | Div. of Engineering, New York Univ. Abu Dhabi (NYUAD) |
Keywords: New sensing techniques, Physiological monitoring - Modeling and analysis, Physiological monitoring - Novel methods
Abstract: This paper proposes a new design for pressure-sensing micro-plate platform to bring higher sensitivity to a pressure sensor based on piezoresistive MEMS sensing mechanism. The proposed design is composed of a suspended plate having four stepped cantilever beams connected to its corners, and thus defined as Quad-Cantilevered Plate (QCP). Finite element analysis was performed to determine the optimal design for sensitivity and structural stability under a range of applied forces. Furthermore, a piezoresistive analysis was performed to calculate sensor sensitivity. Both the maximum stress and the change in resistance of the piezoresistor associated with the QCP were found to be higher compared to previously published designs, and linearly related to the applied pressure as desired. Therefore, the QCP demonstrates greater sensitivity, and could be potentially used as an efficient pressure sensor for intracranial pressure measurement.
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16:18-16:20, Paper WeCT4-02.5 | Add to My Program |
A Sub 125 Nw Sub-Threshold Analog Adaptive Sampler in 180 Nm CMOS |
Laurenson, Callum | Monash Univ |
Yuce, Mehmet | Monash Univ |
Redouté, Jean-Michel | Monash Univ |
Keywords: Implantable sensors, Implantable systems, Implantable technologies
Abstract: We present an ultra low power analogue adaptive sampler for extraction of features from an arterial blood pressure signal, prior to ADC operation or conversion. The architecture is implemented and simulated in UMC 180 nm technology. A maximum power consumption across process variation of 124.6 nW was achieved, with a process invariant key-point timing error of approximately 2.31 ms, corresponding to a sample error of magnitude less than 0.1 mmHg, simulated at body temperature of 37 degrees centigrade. This is significantly below the standard clinical recording accuracy of 1 mmHg for electronic measurement tools.
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16:20-16:22, Paper WeCT4-02.6 | Add to My Program |
Prototype of Bone Conduction Vibration System Using Photoacoustic Effect |
Wadamori, Naoki | Nagaoka Univ. of Tech |
Keywords: Integrated wearable and portable systems
Abstract: This article proposes a novel bone conduction vibrator based on the interesting phenomenon where audible sound can be perceived when the vibration is produced using a laser beam that is synchronized to the audible sound and this vibration is transmitted to an auricular cartilage.
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WeCT4-03 Poster Session, Min Room |
Add to My Program |
Optical and Photonic Systems I |
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16:10-16:12, Paper WeCT4-03.1 | Add to My Program |
A Novel Hardware Implementation for Detecting Respiration Rate Using Photoplethysmography |
Prinable, Joseph Barry Yoo Sik | Univ. of Sydney |
Jones, Peter | The Univ. of Sydney |
Thamrin, Cindy | Woolcock Inst. of Medical Res. Univ. of Sydney |
McEwan, Alistair | The Univ. of Sydney |
Keywords: Physiological monitoring - Novel methods, Bio-electric sensors - Sensor systems, Optical and photonic sensors and systems
Abstract: Asthma is a serious public health problem. Con- tinuous monitoring of breathing may offer an alternative way to assess disease status. In this paper we present a novel hardware implementation for the capture and storage of a photoplethysmography (PPG) signal. The LED duty cycle was altered to determine the effect on respiratory rate accuracy. The oximeter was mounted to the left index finger of ten healthy volunteers. The breathing rate derived from the oximeter was validated against a nasal airflow sensor. The duty cycle of a pulse oximeter was changed between 5%, 10% and 25% at a sample rate of 500 Hz. A PPG signal and reference signal was captured for each duty cycle. The PPG signals were post processed in Matlab to derive a respiration rate using an existing Matlab toolbox. At a 25% duty cycle the RMSE was <2 breaths per minute for the top performing algorithm. The RMSE increased to over 5 breaths per minute when the duty cycle was reduced to 5%. The power consumed by the hardware for a 5%, 10% and 25% duty cycle was 5.4 mW, 7.8 mW, and 15 mW respectively. For clinical assessment of respiratory rate, a RSME of <2 breaths per minute is recommended. Further work is required to determine utility in asthma management. However for non-clinical applications such as fitness tracking, lower accuracy may be sufficient to allow a reduced duty cycle setting.
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16:12-16:14, Paper WeCT4-03.2 | Add to My Program |
A Video/IMU Hybrid System for Movement Estimation in Infants |
Machireddy, Archana | Oregon Health and Science Univ |
Van Santen, Jan | Oregon Health and Science Univ |
Wilson, Jenny | Oregon Health & Science Univ |
Myers, Julianne | Oregon Health & Science Univ |
Hadders-Algra, Mijna | Univ. of Groningen |
SONG, Xubo | Oregon Health & Science Univ |
Keywords: Wearable low power, wireless sensing methods, Integrated sensor systems, Integrated wearable and portable systems
Abstract: Cerebral palsy is a non-progressive neurological disorder occurring in early childhood affecting body movement and muscle control. Early identification can help improve outcome through therapy-based interventions. Absence of so-called “fidgety movements” is a strong predictor of cerebral palsy. Currently, infant limb movements captured through either video cameras or accelerometers are analyzed to identify fidgety movements. However both modalities have their limitations. Video cameras do not have the high temporal resolution needed to capture subtle movements. Accelerometers have low spatial resolution and capture only relative movement. In order to overcome these limitations, we have developed a system to combine measurements from both camera and sensors to estimate the true underlying motion using extended Kalman filter. The estimated motion achieved 84% classification accuracy in identifying fidgety movements using Support Vector Machine.
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16:14-16:16, Paper WeCT4-03.3 | Add to My Program |
Running Wavelet Archetype Aids the Determination of Heart Rate from the Video Photoplethysmogram During Motion |
Addison, Paul | Medtronic |
Foo, David Ming Hui | Medtronic |
Jacquel, Dominique | Medtronic |
Keywords: New sensing techniques, Optical and photonic sensors and systems, Physiological monitoring - Novel methods
Abstract: The extraction of heart rate from a video-based biosignal during motion using a novel wavelet-based ensemble averaging method is described. Running Wavelet Archetyping (RWA) allows for the enhanced extraction of pulse information from the time-frequency representation, from which a video-based heart rate (HRvid) can be derived. This compares favorably to a reference heart rate derived from a pulse oximeter.
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16:16-16:18, Paper WeCT4-03.4 | Add to My Program |
Using a New PPG Indicator to Increase the Accuracy of PTT-Based Continuous Cuffless Blood Pressure Estimation |
Lin, Wan-Hua | Shenzhen Inst. of AdvancedTechnology |
Wang, Hui | Shenzhen Inst. of Advanced Tech. Chinese Acad. of S |
Samuel, Oluwarotimi Williams | Shenzhen Inst. of Advanced Tech |
Li, Guanglin | Shenzhen Inst. of Advanced Tech |
Keywords: Physiological monitoring - Instrumentation
Abstract: Pulse transit time (PTT) has been identified as a potential indicator to estimate blood pressure (BP) continuously and cufflessly in the previous studies, but it is still unsatisfactory for clinical uses. In order to improve the BP estimation accuracy, another candidate signal, photoplethysmogram (PPG) has been used to estimate continuous BP. In this study, a new PPG indicator, the intensity ratio of the first derivative wave of PPG (1st dPIR), was proposed and a novel BP estimation algorithm by using both PTT and 1st dPIR was developed with an attempt to further increase the BP estimation accuracy. The performance of the proposed algorithm was examined and validated using the ECG and PPG recordings from 22 healthy subjects when they performed both mental arithmetic stress and Valsalva's manoeuvre tests that could induce their BP fluctuations. The continuous Finapres® BP were measured with a finger cuff as a referenced BP value. Our results showed that using the proposed BP estimation algorithm, the grand absolute mean and standard deviation (SD) errors between the estimated and referenced BP were 3.22±8.02 mmHg for systolic BP (SBP) and 3.13±4.82mmHg for diastolic BP (DBP). It could achieve a decrease of 0.34±0.27 mmHg in SBP and 0.33±0.44 mmHg in DBP on the grand absolute mean and SD estimation errors in comparison to the state-of-the-art PPT-based method. Findings from this study suggest that the newly proposed PPG indicator would be promising for improving the accuracy of current PTT-based continuous and cuffless BP estimation algorithms.
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16:18-16:20, Paper WeCT4-03.5 | Add to My Program |
Predicting Food Nutrition Facts Using Pocket-Size Near-Infrared Sensor |
Thong, Yoke Jia | Australia E-Health Res. Centre CSIRO |
Nguyen, Thuong | CSIRO |
Zhang, Qing | CSIRO |
Karunanithi, Mohanraj | CSIRO Digital Productivity Flagship |
Yu, Lei | Shanxi Univ |
Keywords: Physical sensors and sensor systems - New sensing techniques
Abstract: Diet monitoring is one of the most important aspects in preventative health care that aims to reduce various health risks. Manual recording has been a prevalence among all approaches yet it is tedious and often end up with a low adherence rate. Several existing techniques that have been developed to monitor food intake suffer too with accuracy, efficiency, and user acceptance rate. In this paper we propose a novel approach on measuring food nutrition facts, through a pocket-size non-intrusive near-infrared (NIR) scanner. We build efficient regression models that can make quantitative prediction on food nutrition contents, such as energy and carbohydrate. Our extensive experiments on off-the-shelf liquid foods demonstrates the accuracy of these regression models and proves the applicability of using NIR spectra that are collected by small hand-held scanner, on food nutrition prediction.
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WeCT4-04 Poster Session, Min Room |
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Physiological Modeling and Analysis I |
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16:10-16:12, Paper WeCT4-04.1 | Add to My Program |
Affordable Sensor Based Gaze Tracking for Realistic Psychological Assessment |
Gavas, Rahul | TCS Res. and Innovation, Tata Consultancy Services Ltd |
Roy, Sangheeta | TCS Res. and Innovations, Tata Consultancy Services Ltd |
Chatterjee, Debatri | TCS Innovation Lab |
Tripathy, Soumya Ranjan | TCS Res. and Innovation, Tata Consultancy Services Ltd |
Chakravarty, Kingshuk | Tata Consultancy Services Ltd |
Sinha, Aniruddha | Tata Consultancy Services Ltd |
Lahiri, Uttama | Indian Inst. of Tech. Gandhinagar |
Keywords: Physiological monitoring - Modeling and analysis
Abstract: Eye movement analysis finds tremendous usefulness in various medical screening applications and rehabilitation. Infrared sensor based eye trackers are becoming popular but these are expensive and need repeated calibration. Moreover, with multiple calibration also, there persists some noises called, variable and systematic, resulting in inaccurate gaze tracking. This study aims to build an one time calibration module to avoid the overhead of multiple calibration and to design an algorithm to remove both the types of errors effectively. The proposed approach is used for correcting the gaze tracking data for Digit Gazing task and standard recall-recognition test, where an accuracy of 90% and 82% are achieved respectively for detecting the gaze positions against the raw eye gaze data. Results also show that it is possible to perform accurate gaze tracking with one-time calibration method provided the experimental setup is not altered.
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16:12-16:14, Paper WeCT4-04.2 | Add to My Program |
Towards Precise Tracking of Electric-Mechanical Cardiac Time Intervals through Joint ECG and BCG Sensing and Signal Processing |
Zhang, Haihong | Inst. for Infocomm Res |
zimin, wang | Guilin Univ. of Electronic Tech |
Dong, Kejun | Nanyang Tech. Univ |
Lin, Zhiping | Nanyang Tech. Univ |
Ng, Soon Huat | Inst. for Infocomm Res |
Keywords: Physiological monitoring - Modeling and analysis, Physiological monitoring - Novel methods, Physical sensors and sensor systems - New sensing techniques
Abstract: Automatic tracking of intra-beat cardiac activities in ballistocardiogram (BCG) is a highly interesting yet technically challenging topic for cardiac monitoring, due to the signal's high susceptibility to various forms of distortions. In this paper, we aim to further investigate the BCG waveform detection from a signal processing and analysis viewpoint. We collect synchronized ECG and BCG recordings from four healthy human subjects using an in-house built multi-physiological monitoring device. Particularly, we study post-exercise ECG-BCG signals that embed considerable variation in the heart beat during the post-excercise recovery phase. Furthermore, we develop an efficient and interactive tool for detecting and marking ECG-BCG waveforms in each heart beat. Through analyzing the detected time interval signals, we explore new interesting patterns of dynamic associations between different time interval signals. At the same time, we call for development of improved detection algorithms to address robustness and accuracy issues.
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16:14-16:16, Paper WeCT4-04.3 | Add to My Program |
Ambulatory Gastric Mucosal Slow Wave Recording for Chronic Experimental Studies |
Paskaranandavadivel, Niranchan | The Univ. Ofauckland |
Angeli, Timothy Robert | Auckland Bioengineering Inst. Univ. of Auckland |
Stocker, Abigail | Univ. of Louisville Hospital, Louisville, KY, USA |
Mcelmurray, Lindsay | Univ. of Louisville Hospital, Louisville, KY, USA |
O'Grady, Gregory | Univ. of Auckland |
Abell, Thomas | The Div. of Digestive Diseases, Univ. of Mississippi Me |
Cheng, Leo K | The Univ. of Auckland |
Keywords: Physiological monitoring - Novel methods, Bio-electric sensors - Sensing methods
Abstract: Dysrhythmic bioelectric slow wave activity have been implicated in major functional motility disorders such as gastroparesis and chronic unexplained nausea and vomiting, but its correlation to symptoms is still unclear. For patients with severe gastroparesis, high-frequency gastric stimulation is offered as a therapy in some centers. Temporary gastric electrical stimulation has also been proposed an approach to screen patients who would benefit from the implantation of a permanent stimulator. In this study we introduced novel methods for recording slow wave activity from the gastric mucosa during the entire temporary stimulation phase of 5 days, in 3 patients. An ambulatory recording system was applied to record 3 channels of mucosal slow wave activity, as well as three axis accelerometer data to monitor when the patient was mobile. Techniques were developed to detect large movements and these time periods were excluded from analyses of mucosal slow waves. The frequency and amplitude of the slow waves was calculated in a 5 min segment, with 75% overlap, for the entire duration. In feasibility studies, the slow wave frequency and amplitude for the patients were 3.0±0.96 cpm and 1.43±1.75 mV. Large variations in slow wave amplitude were seen in comparsion to slow wave frequency, which were concordant with previous studies. The use of the ambulatory system will allow for investigation of pathophysiology, correlation of electrophysiology data to patient symptoms and to determine the effects of post-prandial and noctural slow wave patterns. We anticipate that future use of slow wave information alongside patient symptoms may allow improved selection of patients for stimulaton techniques
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16:16-16:18, Paper WeCT4-04.4 | Add to My Program |
Ex Vivo Animal-Model Assessment of a Non-Invasive System for Loss of Resistance Detection During Epidural Blockade |
Carassiti, Massimiliano | Univ. Campus Bio-Medico of Rome |
Quarta, Rossella | Univ. Campus Bio-Medico Di Roma, Rome-Italy |
mattei, Alessia | Univ. Bampus Bio-Medico Di Roma |
Tesei, Marco | Univ. Campus Bio-Medico Di Roma |
Saccomandi, Paola | Univ. Campus Bio-Medico of Rome |
Massaroni, Carlo | Univ. Campus Bio-Medico Di Roma |
Setola, Roberto | Univ. CAMPUS Bio-Medico |
Schena, Emiliano | Univ. of Rome Campus Bio-Medico |
Keywords: Physiological monitoring - Modeling and analysis, Mechanical sensors and systems, Physiological monitoring - Novel methods
Abstract: During recent decades epidural analgesia has gained widespread recognition in many applications. In this complex procedure, anaesthetist uses a specific needle to inject anesthetic into the epidural space. It is crucial the appropriate insertion of the needle through inhomogeneous tissues placed between the skin and the epidural space to minimize anesthetic-related complications (e.g., nausea, headache, and dural puncture). Usually, anaesthetists perform the procedure without any supporting tools, and stop pushing the syringe when they sense a loss of resistance (LOR). This phenomenon is caused by the physical properties of the epidural space: the needle breaks the ligamentum flavum and reaches the epidural space, in this stage the anaesthetist perceives a LOR because the epidural space is much softer than the ligamentum flavum. To support the clinician in this maneuver we designed a non-invasive system able to detect the LOR by measuring the pressure exerted on the syringe plunger to push the needle up to the epidural space. In a previous work we described the system and its assessment during in vitro tests. This work aims at assessing the feasibility of the system for LOR detection on a more realistic model (ex vivo pig model). The system was assessed by analyzing: its ability to hold a constant value (saturation condition) during the insertion of the needle, and its ability to detect the entrance within the epidural space by a decrease of the system’s output. Lastly, the anaesthetist was asked to assess how the ex vivo procedure mimics a clinical scenario. The system reached the saturation condition during the needle insertion; this feature is critical to avoid false positive during the procedure. However, it was not easy to detect the entrance within the epidural space due to its small volume in the animal model. Lastly, the practitioner found real the model, and performed the procedures in a conventional manner because the system did not influence his actions.
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16:18-16:20, Paper WeCT4-04.5 | Add to My Program |
Overnight Non-Contact Continuous Vital Signs Monitoring Using an Intelligent Automatic Beam-Steering Doppler Sensor at 2.4 GHz |
Batchu, Sandeep | Texas Tech. Univ |
Narasimhachar, Harikrishna | Texas Tech. Univ |
Hall, Travis | Texas Tech. Univ |
Lopez, Jerry | Texas Tech. Univ |
Nguyen, Tam | Texas Tech. Univ. Health Sciences Center |
Banister, Ron | Texas Tech. Univ. Health Center |
Lie, Donald Yu-Chun | Texas Tech. Univ |
Keywords: New sensing techniques, Physiological monitoring - Novel methods
Abstract: Doppler-based non-contact vital signs (NCVS) sensors can monitor heart rates, respiration rates, and motions of patients without physically touching them. We have developed a novel single-board Doppler-based phased-array antenna NCVS biosensor system that can perform robust overnight continuous NCVS monitoring with intelligent automatic subject tracking and optimal beam steering algorithms. Our NCVS sensor achieved overnight continuous vital signs monitoring with an impressive heart-rate monitoring accuracy of over 94% (i.e., within ±5 Beats-Per-Minute vs. a reference sensor), analyzed from over 400,000 data points collected during each overnight monitoring period of ~ 6 hours at a distance of 1.75 meters. The data suggests our intelligent phased-array NCVS sensor can be very attractive for continuous monitoring of low-acuity patients.
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16:20-16:22, Paper WeCT4-04.6 | Add to My Program |
Permanency Analysis on Human Electroencephalogram Signals for Pervasive Brain-Computer Interface Systems |
Sadeghi, Koosha | Arizona State Univ |
Lee, Junghyo | Arizona State Univ |
Banerjee, Ayan | Computer Science |
Sohankar, Javad | Arizona State Univ |
Gupta, Sandeep K. S. | Arizona State Univ |
Keywords: Physiological monitoring - Modeling and analysis, Bio-electric sensors - Sensing methods, Wearable sensor systems - User centered design and applications
Abstract: Brain-Computer Interface (BCI) systems recognize cognitive states by observing their corresponding features in brain signals. These features can be detected every time, when their related cognitive states are repeated. However, the features are not perfectly permanent, and BCI systems should be continuously trained with new features, which is tedious and time consuming. By analyzing the permanency of signal features, we can find which ones have higher permanency, and also how often the system needs to be retrained. In this paper, we continuously monitor Electroencephalogram (EEG) signals,and analyze the changes in their features over long period of time. In our experiment, we record EEG signals corresponding to rest state (eyes open and closed) from one subject everyday, for 3.5 months. The results show that signal features such as auto-regression coefficients have high permanency, while others, such as raw data or discrete wavelet transform coefficients, are not permanent. In addition, eyes open EEG data shows higher permanency than eyes closed data.
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WeCT4-05 Poster Session, Min Room |
Add to My Program |
Power Efficient BSN I |
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16:10-16:12, Paper WeCT4-05.1 | Add to My Program |
Energy Efficient LoRa GPS Tracker for Dementia Patients |
Hadwen, Timothy Ryan | Australian Ehealth Res. Centre |
Smallbon, Vanessa Jane | Csiro Aehrc |
Zhang, Qing | CSIRO |
D'Souza, Matthew | The Univ. of Queensland |
Keywords: Physical sensors and sensor systems - New sensing techniques, Wearable low power, wireless sensing methods
Abstract: Continuous GPS tracking devices always suffer short battery life when used by caregivers to reduce the risk of wandering to dangerous areas by dementia patients. Currently the best existing tracker for dementia patients on the market only supports less than 10 hours battery life with a gigantic battery. It not only requires daily battery charging from patients/caregivers, but also becomes a very restrictive device. In this paper we inspected individual energy consumption of the components in a GPS tracker and proposed a novel energy efficient, small wristband by integrating the latest LoRa communication and GPS duty cycling technologies. We verify our prototype’s communication distance and energy efficiency through extensive experiments in the real world. Our model and data show the GPS wristband is able to support up to 40 hours continuous GPS tracking with a frequent 60 seconds location update rate. Its range also spans 3km, effectively monitoring patient locations.
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16:12-16:14, Paper WeCT4-05.2 | Add to My Program |
Charge Pumping with Finger Capacitance for Body Sensor Energy Harvesting |
Zhou, Alyssa | Univ. of California, Berkeley |
Maharbiz, Michel | Univ. of California, Berkeley |
Keywords: Wearable power and on-body energy harvesting, Mechanical sensors and systems
Abstract: Sensors are becoming ubiquitous and increasingly integrated with and on the human body; powering such “body network” devices remains an outstanding problem. In this paper, we demonstrate a touch interrogation powered energy harvesting system. This system transforms the kinetic energy of a human finger to electric energy, with each tap producing approximately 1 nJ of energy at a storage capacitor. As is well known for touch display devices, the proximity of a finger can alter the effective value of small capacitances; we demonstrate that these capacitance changes can drive a current which is rectified to charge a capacitor. As a demonstration, an untethered circuit charged this way can deliver enough instantaneous power to light a red LED every ~ 10 seconds. This technology illustrates the ability to communicate with and operate low-power sensors with motions already used for interfacing to devices.
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16:14-16:16, Paper WeCT4-05.3 | Add to My Program |
Polypyrrole RVC Biofuel Cells for Powering Medical Implants |
Roxby, Daniel Ninio | Univ. of Tech. Sydney |
Ting, Simon | Univ. of Tech. Sydney |
Nguyen, Hung T. | Univ. of Tech. Sydney |
Keywords: Wearable power and on-body energy harvesting, Implantable technologies, Implantable systems
Abstract: Batteries for implanted medical devices such as pacemakers typically require surgical replacement every 5 to 10 years causing stress to the patient and their families. A Biofuel cell uses two electrodes with enzymes embedded to convert sugar into electricity. To evaluate the power producing capabilities of biofuel cells to replace battery technology, polypyrrole electrodes were fabricated by compression with Glucose oxidase and Laccase. Vitreous carbon was added to increase the conductivity, whilst glutaraldehyde acted as a crosslinking molecule. A maximum open circuit potential of 558.7 mV, short circuit current of 1.09 mA and maximum power of 0.127 mW was obtained from the fuel cells. This was able to turn on a medical thermometer through a TI BQ25504 energy harvesting circuit, hence showing the powering potential for biomedical devices.
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WeCT5 |
Lee Room |
Ignite Session W-05 |
Ignite Session |
Chair: Kim, Soochan | Hankyong National Univ |
Co-Chair: Krishnan, Sridhar | Ryerson Univ | |
16:10-16:22, Subsession WeCT5-01, Lee Room | |
Clinical Applications of Sensing Technology I Poster Session, 6 papers |
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16:10-16:20, Subsession WeCT5-02, Lee Room | |
Novel Physiological Monitoring Methods I Poster Session, 5 papers |
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16:10-16:18, Subsession WeCT5-03, Lee Room | |
Sensing methods and systems I Poster Session, 4 papers |
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16:10-16:30, Subsession WeCT5-04, Lee Room | |
Sensor Systems I Poster Session, 10 papers |
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WeCT5-01 Poster Session, Lee Room |
Add to My Program |
Clinical Applications of Sensing Technology I |
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16:10-16:12, Paper WeCT5-01.1 | Add to My Program |
Development of a Wearable Support System to Aid the Visually Impaired in Independent Mobilization and Navigation |
Froneman, Tayla | Stellenbosch Univ |
Van Den Heever, Dawie | Stellenbosch Univ |
Dellimore, Kiran | Philips Res |
Keywords: Physical sensors and sensor systems - Acoustic sensors and systems, Wearable body sensor networks and telemetric systems, Wearable sensor systems - User centered design and applications
Abstract: Visually impaired individuals have great difficulty in navigating unfamiliar environments. Conventional methods of obstacle detection are not always sufficient, thus a need exists for a low-cost device which could aid the visually impaired in navigating indoor environments. The aim of this study is to develop a wearable prototype sup-port system which aids the visually impaired in independent navigation and mobilization. It utilizes ultrasonic sensors to detect obstacles and transmits feedback to the user through an array of vibration motors. The prototype device was evaluated by detecting the sensor signatures of various common static household obstacles. Trends were identified in these signatures which can be used to give feedback to the user of the type of obstacle encountered. The results show the basic feasibility of the device in static indoor obstacle detection and identification for the visually impaired. However, further refinement is needed to extend the system’s functionality by detecting dynamic obstacles.
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16:12-16:14, Paper WeCT5-01.2 | Add to My Program |
Application of Infrared Scanning of the Neck Muscles to Control a Cursor in Human-Computer Interface |
Safavi, Seyedemahya | Univ. of California Irvine |
Sundaram, Subramanian Meenakshi | Univ. of California, Irvine |
Gorji, ALi Heydari | Univ. of California, Irvine |
Udaiwal, Neha Satishkumar | Univ. of California, Irvine |
Chou, Pai H. | Univ. of California, Irvine |
Keywords: Optical and photonic sensors and systems, New sensing techniques, Implantable prosthetic devices
Abstract: The feasibility of using infrared (IR) spectroscopy of the neck muscles in controlling a cursor in a 2-dimensional screen was assessed. The proposed technique utilizes two IR photoplethysmography sensors (λ = 940nm) to monitor the morphological changes of the Scalene and Sternocleidomastoid muscles. Since the reflection of the light has valuable information about the type of contraction, the direction of the movement (right/left, up/down) can be simply derived using two sensors. A MATLAB platform was developed in which a cursor moves using the recorded signal. Three scenarios of high/low sensitivity and joystick mode were tested. The results from 2 different healthy subjects shows the feasibility of control in terms of throughput, overshoot, and path efficiency.
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16:14-16:16, Paper WeCT5-01.3 | Add to My Program |
An MRI-Compatible Force Sensor for Measuring Differential Isometric Precision Grip Force |
Han, Chungmin | Univ. of Texas at Austin |
Oblak, Ethan | Univ. of Texas at Austin |
Abraham, Lawrence | Univ. of Texas at Austin |
Ferrari, Paul | Univ. of Texas at Austin |
McManis, Mark | Dell Children's Medical Center of Central Texas |
Schnyer, David | Univ. of Texas, Austin |
Sulzer, James | Univ. of Texas at Austin |
Keywords: Mechanical sensors and systems
Abstract: Investigating neural correlates of fine motor control in a magnetically sensitive environment requires special considerations in sensor design. Our application requires measurement of forefinger and thumb forces during precision grip in a relatively low (< 20 N) force range. This work describes the design, characterization and performance evaluation of an MR-compatible precision grip sensor that independently measures forefinger and thumb forces. We selective laser sintered Nylon 12 into a flexure, measuring deformation using optic fibers which matches our finite element model simulation. We found that the device was capable of measuring forces within the desired range, with some hysteresis at higher frequencies as expected. We conclude that the device performs well compared to specifications.
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16:16-16:18, Paper WeCT5-01.4 | Add to My Program |
Using Point Cloud Data to Improve Three Dimensional Gaze Estimation |
Wang, Haofei | Hong Kong Univ. of Science and Tech |
Antonelli, Marco | Hong Kong Univ. of Science and Tech |
Shi, Bertram E | Hong Kong Univ. of Science and Tech |
Keywords: New sensing techniques, Wearable sensor systems - User centered design and applications, Integrated sensor systems
Abstract: This paper addresses the problem of estimating gaze location in the 3D environment using a remote eye tracker. Instead of relying only on data provided by the eye tracker, we investigate how to integrate gaze direction with the point-cloud-based representation of the scene provided by a Kinect sensor. The algorithm first combines the gaze vectors for the two eyes provided by the eye tracker into a single gaze vector emanating from a point in between the two eyes. The gaze target in the three dimensional environment is then identified by finding the point in the 3D point cloud that is closest to the gaze vector. Our experimental results demonstrate that the estimate of the gaze target location provided by this method is significantly better than that provided when considering gaze information alone. It is also better than two other methods for integrating point cloud information: (1) finding the 3D point closest to the gaze location as estimated by triangulating the gaze vectors from the two eyes, and (2) finding the 3D point with smallest average distance to the two gaze vectors considered individually. The proposed method has n average error of 1.7 cm in a workspace of 25×23×24 cm located at a distance of 60 cm from the user.
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16:18-16:20, Paper WeCT5-01.5 | Add to My Program |
An Efficient Color Correction Method for Smartphone Camera-Based Health Monitoring Applications |
Dang, Duc | Texas Tech. Univ |
Cho, Chae Ho | Texas Tech. Univ |
Kim, Daeik | Chonnam National Univ |
kwon, oh seok | Korea Res. Inst. of Bioscience and Biotechnology |
Chong, Jo Woon | Texas Tech. Univ |
Keywords: Optical and photonic sensors and systems, Integrated wearable and portable systems, Physiological monitoring - Modeling and analysis
Abstract: Smartphone health monitoring applications are recently highlighted due to the rapid development of hardware and software performance of smartphones. However, color characteristics of images captured by different smartphone models are dissimilar each other and this difference may give non-identical health monitoring results when the smartphone health monitoring applications monitor physiological information using their embedded smartphone cameras. In this paper, we investigate the differences in color properties of the captured images from different smartphone models and apply a color correction method to adjust dissimilar color values obtained from different smartphone cameras. Experimental results show that the color corrected images using the correction method provide much smaller color intensity errors compared to the images without correction. These results can be applied to enhance the consistency of smartphone camera-based health monitoring applications by reducing color intensity errors among the images obtained from different smartphones.
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16:20-16:22, Paper WeCT5-01.6 | Add to My Program |
Quantification Assessment of Bradykinesia in Parkinson’s Disease Based on a Wearable Device |
Lin, Zhirong | Quanzhou Inst. of Equipment Manufacturing, Haixi Inst |
Dai, Houde | Quanzhou Inst. of Equipment Manufacturing, Haixi Inst |
Xiong, Yongsheng | Quanzhou Inst. of Equipment Manufacturing, Haixi Inst |
Xia, Xuke | Quanzhou Inst. of Equipment Manufacturing, Haixi Inst |
Horng, Shi-Jinn | National Taiwan Univ. of Science and Tech |
Keywords: Integrated wearable and portable systems, Wearable sensor systems - User centered design and applications
Abstract: Bradykinesia is one of the primary characteristic symptoms of Parkinson’s disease (PD). Ten-second whole-hand-grasps action was chosen to assess bradykinesia severity in this study. A quantification assessment system based on a self-developed wearable device was proposed to assess the severity of the parkinsonian bradykinesia. The proposed assessment method used an attitude-estimation algorithm to extract the parkinsonian bradykinesia parameters. A regression model was adopted to fit the characteristic parameters with the clinical UPDRS ratings judged by neurologists. Clinical experiment with 15 PD patients and 5 age-matched healthy controls demonstrated that the predicted bradykinesia scores by proposed model correlated well with the judgments of neurologists (r2=0.99). The proposed quantification model demonstrated the greater goodness-of-fit compared with the related works.
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WeCT5-02 Poster Session, Lee Room |
Add to My Program |
Novel Physiological Monitoring Methods I |
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16:10-16:12, Paper WeCT5-02.1 | Add to My Program |
Recovery of Forearm Occluded Trajectory in Kinect Using a Wrist-Mounted Inertial Measurement Unit |
Jatesiktat, Prayook | NTU |
Ang, Wei Tech | Nanyang Tech. Univ |
Keywords: Integrated sensor systems
Abstract: Kinect sensor is a successful device that lets 3D human motion capture be used in a general residential setting. This work aims to fulfill some missing capabilities in Kinect, which are forearm orientation estimation and forearm tracking in occlusion. By using a wrist-mounted Inertial Measurement Unit and Kinect's built-in skeleton tracking, we have developed a fusion procedure that improves the upper limb motion tracking without adding too many obtrusive devices to the user.
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16:12-16:14, Paper WeCT5-02.2 | Add to My Program |
Effect of Electrode Material on the Sensitivity of Interdigitated Electrodes Used for Electrical Cell-Substrate Impedance Sensing Technology |
Martinez Santamaria, Jaime Andres | Inst. Des Nanotechnologies De Lyon |
Montalibet, Amalric | INL UMR-5270 - INSA Lyon |
McAdams, Eric | INSA Lyon |
Faivre, Magalie | Inst. Des Nanotechnologies De Lyon |
Ferrigno, Rosaria | Univ. Claude Bernard Lyon 1 |
Keywords: Chemo/bio-sensing - Biological sensors and systems, Chemo/bio-sensing - Techniques, Bio-electric sensors - Sensor systems
Abstract: This study explores the effect of the electrode material on the sensitivity of interdigitated electrodes(IDEs) used in Electrical Cell-Substrate Impedance Sensing (ECIS) technology. This technique is a label-free method to evaluate cellular activity of adherent cells. IDEs of gold (Au), indium tin oxide (ITO) and ITO functionalized with iridium oxide (IrOx) were characterized with impedance spectroscopy and their interfacial impedances were evaluated in potassium chloride (KCl) solutions. In parallel, ECIS measurements were performed on these three electrode materials during the proliferation of the human breast cancer cell line, MCF-7. The results indicate that the difference in sensitivity to MCF-7 of the three materials might be strongly correlated to their interfacial impedances. We found that ITO electrodes coated with IrOx show slightly higher sensitivity to MCF-7 breast cancer cells while still offering transparency compared to gold,which is considered the conventional material in ECIS devices.
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16:14-16:16, Paper WeCT5-02.3 | Add to My Program |
The SPLENDID Chewing Detection Challenge |
Papapanagiotou, Vasileios | Aristotle Univ. of Thessaloniki |
Diou, Christos | Aristotle Univ. of Thessaloniki |
Zhou, Lingchuan | Csem Sa |
van den Boer, Janet | Wageningen Univ |
Mars, Monica | Wageningen Univ |
Delopoulos, Anastasios | Aristotle Univ. of Thessaloniki |
Keywords: Integrated wearable and portable systems, Physical sensors and sensor systems - Acoustic sensors and systems, Physical sensors and sensor systems - Optical and photonic Sensors and systems
Abstract: Monitoring of eating behavior using wearable technology is receiving increased attention, driven by the recent advances in wearable devices and mobile phones. One particularly interesting aspect of eating behavior is the monitoring of chewing activity and eating occurrences. There are several chewing sensor types and chewing detection algorithms proposed in the bibliography, however no datasets are publicly available to facilitate evaluation and further research. In this paper, we present a multi-modal dataset of over 60 hours of recordings from 14 participants in semi-free living conditions, collected in the context of the SPLENDID project. The dataset includes raw signals from a photoplethysmography (PPG) sensor and a 3D accelerometer, and a set of extracted features from audio recordings; detailed annotations and ground truth are also provided both at eating event level and at individual chew level. We also provide a baseline evaluation method, and introduce the “challenge” of improving the baseline chewing detection algorithms. The dataset can be downloaded from http://dx.doi.org/10.17026/dans-zxw-v8gy, and supplementary code can be downloaded from https://github.com/mug-auth/chewing-detection-challenge.git .
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16:16-16:18, Paper WeCT5-02.4 | Add to My Program |
Wireless Chest Wearable Vital Sign Monitoring Platform for Hypertension |
janjua, Ghalib Muhammad Waqas | Ulster Univ |
Guldenring, Daniel | Univ. of Ulster |
Finlay, Dewar | Univ. of Ulster |
McLaughlin, James | Univ. of Ulster |
Keywords: Integrated wearable and portable systems, Wearable wireless sensors, motes, and systems, Wearable sensor systems - User centered design and applications
Abstract: Hypertension, a silent killer, is the biggest challenge of the 21st century in public health agencies worldwide [1]. World Health Organization (WHO) statistic shows that the mortality rate of hypertension is 9.4 million per year and causes 55.3% of total deaths in cardiovascular (CV) patients [2]. Early detection and prevention of hypertension can significantly reduce the CV mortality. We are presenting a wireless chest wearable vital sign monitoring platform. It measures Electrocardiogram (ECG), Photoplethsmogram (PPG) and Ballistocardiogram (BCG) signals and sends data over Bluetooth low energy (BLE) to mobile phone–acts as a gateway. Custom android application relays the data to thingspeak server where MATLAB based analysis estimates the blood pressure. Server reacts on the health of subject to friends & family on the social media - twitter. Chest provides a natural position for the sensor to capture legitimate signals for hypertension condition. We have done the clinical technical evaluation of prototype on 11 subjects, 6 normotensive and 5 hypertensive patients.
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16:18-16:20, Paper WeCT5-02.5 | Add to My Program |
Performance of Compressive Sensing for the Reconstruction of Different QRS Pulses in ECG Signals |
Pant, Jeevan Kumar | Ryerson Univ |
Krishnan, Sridhar | Ryerson Univ |
Keywords: Wearable low power, wireless sensing methods, Physiological monitoring - Modeling and analysis, Physiological monitoring - Novel methods
Abstract: Compressive sensing (CS) is studied for the acquisition of different QRS complexes in ECG signals. By applying sparse binary measurement matrix and by applying regularization for promoting temporal correlation, performance of CS techniques for the reconstruction of ECG segments containing different QRS complexes, such as, normal QRS, paced QRS, right bundle branch block beat, left bundle branch block beat, and ventricular flutter beat, has been studied. Simulation results demonstrate that performance of CS differs with the types of beats, and ECG segments with well-known beats can be reconstructed with signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) approximately equal to 25 dB for the realization of CS systems with compression ratio as high as 95 %; for lower compression ratio much higher SNR can be attained.
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WeCT5-03 Poster Session, Lee Room |
Add to My Program |
Sensing Methods and Systems I |
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16:10-16:12, Paper WeCT5-03.1 | Add to My Program |
Respiratory Rate Measurements Via Doppler Radar for Health Monitoring Applications |
Alemaryeen, Ala | Univ. of North Dakota |
Noghanian, Sima | Univ. of North Dakota |
Fazel-Rezai, Reza | Univ. of North Dakota |
Keywords: Bio-electric sensors - Sensing methods, Physiological monitoring - Instrumentation
Abstract: This paper presents experimental results for measuring respiratory rate using non-contact and low power system for health-monitoring applications. The system is based on a Doppler effect. A mechanical setup with controllable movement frequency and displacement was built to mimic the human chest movements while breathing. A Doppler radar system was used to measure the frequency of the proposed system. Three different antennas were used to study the effect of antenna radiation pattern, gain, and cross-polarization on the accuracy of the measurements. An error analysis was conducted for different frequencies and displacements. Results demonstrated that the antenna of a moderate directivity and gain values, and of the least cross-polarization components has higher accuracy compared to other proposed antennas. It can be concluded that with a good selection of antenna it is possible to measure respiratory rate with a small error using the proposed radar system.
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16:12-16:14, Paper WeCT5-03.2 | Add to My Program |
Development of Wearable Muscle Fatigue Detection System Using Capacitance Coupling Electrodes |
kobayashi, takahiro | Kindai Univ |
Okada, Shima | Faculty of Science and Engineering, Kinki Univ |
Makikawa, Masaaki | Ritsumeikan Univ |
Shiozawa, Naruhiro | Ritsumeikan Univ |
kosaka, manabu | Kindai Univ |
Keywords: Bio-electric sensors - Sensing methods, Bio-electric sensors - Sensor systems, Wearable sensor systems - User centered design and applications
Abstract: Bio-information is important to confirm the body condition. Especially, the muscle fatigue is related to injury or decrease of concentration. Therefore, it is required to evaluate muscle fatigue to make subject enjoy sports. In previous study, muscle fatigue is evaluated by using electromyogram (EMG). However, the electrode for EMG measurement is generally used for contact manor. The electrodes are disposable and it might cause the irritation of skin. Therefore, it isn't fitted for measurement of muscle fatigue in daily life. We developed wearable muscle fatigue detection system using capacitance coupling electrodes. Developed system isn't caused the irritation by electrodes and can reuse it. We compared the conventional system using disposable electrode system and our system to evaluate performance. We evaluated muscle fatigue from electromyogram before and after futsal. As the result, we could detect muscle fatigue by using our developed system. We showed the possibility as muscle fatigue detection system using the capacity coupling electrodes.
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16:14-16:16, Paper WeCT5-03.3 | Add to My Program |
A Tracking Algorithm for Cell Motility Assays in CMOS Systems |
Martinez-Gomez, Cristina | Inst. De Microelectrónica De Sevilla / Univ. De Sevill |
Olmo, Alberto | Univ. De Sevilla |
Huertas, Gloria | Inst. De Microelectronica De Sevilla / Univ. De Sevill |
Perez, Pablo | Inst. De Microelecctronica De Sevilla / Univ. De Sevil |
Andres, Maldonado-Jacobi | Inst. De Microelectronica De Sevilla / Univ. De Sevill |
Yufera, Alberto | Univ. OF SEVILLE |
Keywords: Integrated sensor systems, Bio-electric sensors - Sensing methods
Abstract: This work proposes a method for the study and real-time monitorization of a single cell on a 2D electrode matrix, of great interest in cell motility assays and in the characterization of cancer cell metastasis. A CMOS system proposal for cell location based on occupation maps data generated from Electrical Cell-substrate Impedance Spectroscopy (ECIS) has been developed. From experimental assays data, an algorithm based on analysis of the eight nearest neighbours has been implemented to find the cell center of mass. The path followed by a cell, proposing a Brownian route, has been simulated with the proposed algorithm. The presented results give an accuracy over 95% in the determination of the coordinates (x, y) from the expected cell center of mass.
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16:16-16:18, Paper WeCT5-03.4 | Add to My Program |
Proof of Concept Laplacian Estimate Derived for Noninvasive Tripolar Concentric Ring Electrode with Incorporated Radius of the Central Disc and the Widths of the Concentric Rings |
Makeyev, Oleksandr | Diné Coll |
Lee, Colin | Diné Coll |
Besio, W. G. | Univ. of Rhode Island |
Keywords: New sensing techniques, Bio-electric sensors - Sensing methods, Bio-electric sensors - Sensor systems
Abstract: Tripolar concentric ring electrodes are showing great promise in a range of applications including brain computer interface and seizure onset detection due to their superiority to conventional disc electrodes, in particular, in accuracy of surface Laplacian estimation. Recently, we proposed a general approach to estimation of the Laplacian for an (n + 1)polar electrode with n rings using the (4n + 1)-point method for n ≥ 2 that allows cancellation of all the truncation terms up to the order of 2n. This approach has been used to introduce novel multipolar and variable inter-ring distances concentric ring electrode configurations verified using finite element method. The obtained results suggest their potential to improve Laplacian estimation compared to currently used constant interring distances tripolar concentric ring electrodes. One of the main limitations of the proposed (4n + 1)-point method is that the radius of the central disc and the widths of the concentric rings are not included and therefore cannot be optimized. This study incorporates these two parameters by representing the central disc and both concentric rings as clusters of points with specific radius and widths respectively as opposed to the currently used single point and concentric circles. A proof of concept Laplacian estimate is derived for a tripolar concentric ring electrode with non-negligible radius of the central disc and non-negligible widths of the concentric rings clearly demonstrating how both of these parameters can be incorporated into the (4n + 1)-point method.
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WeCT5-04 Poster Session, Lee Room |
Add to My Program |
Sensor Systems I |
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16:10-16:12, Paper WeCT5-04.1 | Add to My Program |
Non-Invasive Sensor Based Automated Smoking Activity Detection |
Bhandari, Babin | Deakin Univ |
Lu, JianChao | Deakin Univ |
Zheng, Xi | Deakin Univ |
Rajasegarar, Sutharshan | Deakin Univ |
Karmakar, Chandan | Deakin Univ |
Keywords: Wearable body sensor networks and telemetric systems, Wearable wireless sensors, motes and systems, Wearable sensor systems - User centered design and applications
Abstract: Although smoking prevalence is declining in many countries, smoking related health problems still leads the preventable causes of death in the world. Several smoking intervention mechanisms have been introduced to help smoking cessation. However, these methods are inefficient since they lack in providing real time personalized intervention messages to the smoking addicted users. To address this challenge, the first step is to build an automated smoking behavior detection system. In this study, we propose an accelerometer sensor based non-invasive and automated framework for smoking behavior detection. We built a prototype device to collect data from several participants performing smoking and other five confounding activities. We used three different classifiers to compare activity detection performance using the extracted features from accelerometer data. Our evaluation demonstrates that the proposed approach is able to classify smoking activity among the confounding activities with high accuracy. The proposed system shows the potential for developing a real time automated smoking activity detection and intervention framework.
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16:12-16:14, Paper WeCT5-04.2 | Add to My Program |
Rich Context Information for Just-In-Time Adaptive Intervention Promoting Physical Activity |
Cruciani, Federico | Ulster Univ |
Nugent, Chris | Univ. of Ulster |
Cleland, Ian | Univ. of Ulster |
McCullagh, Paul | Univ. of Ulster |
Keywords: Physiological monitoring - Modeling and analysis, Integrated sensor systems, Wearable sensor systems - User centered design and applications
Abstract: Sedentary lifestyle and inadequate levels of physical activity represent two serious health risk factors. Nevertheless, within developed countries, 60% of people aged over 60 are deemed to be sedentary. Consequently, interest in behavior change to promote physical activity is increasing. In particular, the role of emerging mobile apps to facilitate behavior change has shown promising results. Smart technologies can help in providing rich context information including an objective assessment of the level of physical activity and information on the emotional and physiological state of the person. Collectively, this can be used to develop innovative persuasive solutions for adaptive behavior change. Such solutions offer potential in reducing levels of sedentary behavior. This work presents a study exploring new ways of employing smart technologies to facilitate behavior change. It is achieved by means of (i) developing a knowledge base on sedentary behaviors and recommended physical activity guidelines, and (ii) a context model able to combine information on physical activity, location, and a user’s diary to develop a context-aware virtual coach with the ability to select the most appropriate behavior change strategy on a case by case basis.
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16:14-16:16, Paper WeCT5-04.3 | Add to My Program |
Home-Based Upper Extremity Rehabilitation Support Using a Contactless Ultrasonic Sensor |
Griffith, Henry | Michigan State Univ |
Biswas, Subir | Michigan State Univ |
Keywords: Physical sensors and sensor systems - New sensing techniques, New sensing techniques
Abstract: Home-based rehabilitation protocols have been shown to improve outcomes amongst individuals with limited upper-extremity (UE) functionality. While approaches employing both video conferencing technologies and gaming platforms have been successfully demonstrated for such applications, concerns regarding patient privacy and technological complexity may limit further adoption. As an alternative solution for assessing adherence to prescribed UE rehabilitation protocols, the Echolocation Activity Detector, a linear array of first-reflection ultrasonic distance sensors, is proposed herein. To demonstrate its utility for home-based rehabilitation, a controlled experiment exploring the ability of the system to distinguish between various parameters of UE motion, including motion plane, range, and speed, was conducted for five participants. Activity classification is accomplished using a quadratic support vector machine classifier using time-domain features which exploit the known geometric relationships between the patient and the device, along with the ideal kinematics of the activities of interest. Average classification accuracy for the five classes of UE motion considered herein exceeds 91%.
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16:16-16:18, Paper WeCT5-04.4 | Add to My Program |
MuSeSe - a Multisensor Armchair for Unobtrusive Vital Sign Estimation and Motion Artifact Analysis |
Hoog Antink, Christoph | RWTH Aachen Univ. Aachen, Germany |
Leonhardt, Steffen | RWTH Aachen Univ |
Schulz, Florian | RWTH Aachen Univ |
Walter, Marian | RWTH Aachen Univ |
Keywords: Integrated sensor systems, Physiological monitoring - Instrumentation, New sensing techniques
Abstract: Unobtrusive vital sign estimation with sensors integrated into objects of everyday living can substantially advance the field of remote monitoring. At the same time, motion artifacts cause severe problems and have to be dealt with. Here, the fusion of multimodal sensor data is a promising approach. In this paper, we present an armchair equipped with capacitively coupled electrocardiogram, two types of ballistocardiographic sensors, photoplethysmographic and two high-frequency impedance sensors. In addition, a video-based sensor for motion analysis is integrated. Using a defined motion protocol, the feasibility of the system is demonstrated in a self-experimentation. Moreover, the influence of different movements on different modalities is analyzed. Finally, robust beat-to-beat interval estimation demonstrates the benefits of multimodal sensor fusion for vital sign estimation in the presence of motion artifacts.
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16:18-16:20, Paper WeCT5-04.5 | Add to My Program |
A Low-Power High-Sensitivity Analog Front-End for PPG Sensor |
Lin, Binghui | Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ |
Mohamed, Atef | Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ |
Wang, Guoxing | Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ |
Keywords: Optical and photonic sensors and systems, Integrated sensor systems, Bio-electric sensors - Sensor systems
Abstract: In this work, we design a low-power analog front-end (AFE), for photoplethysmography (PPG) signal sensor, in 0.35 µm CMOS Process. The AFE amplifies the weak photocurrent coming from the photodiode (PD) to a strong voltage output. In order to decrease the power consumption, we design the circuits to work in subthreshold region so the total biasing current of the AFE is 10 µA. Since the large input DC photocurrent is a big issue for the PPG sensing circuit, we use the robust DC photocurrent rejection technique, adding a DC current-cancellation loop, to reject the large DC photocurrent which can be up to 10 µA. In addition, we use a pseudo resistor to reduce the high-pass corner frequency below 0.5 Hz and use a Gm-C filter to reject the out of band noise higher than 16 Hz. For the whole sensor, the amplifier chain can achieve a high gain of 140 dBΩ and an input integrated noise up to 16 Hz of 68.87 pArms.
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16:20-16:22, Paper WeCT5-04.6 | Add to My Program |
Ultrasonic Thermal Dust: A Method to Monitor Deep Tissue Temperature Profiles |
Ozilgen, Burak Arda | Univ. of California Berkeley |
Maharbiz, Michel | Univ. of California, Berkeley |
Keywords: Physical sensors and sensor systems - Thermal sensors and systems, Implantable sensors, Physiological monitoring - Novel methods
Abstract: We demonstrate a tetherless, sub-millimeter implantable temperature sensing system employing ultrasonic powering and ultrasonic backscatter modulation assembled using commercially available components. We demonstrate two sizes of sensors based on available components with volumes of 1.45 mm 3 and 0.118 mm 3. Individual sensors are able to resolve ±0.5 C changes in temperature, suitable for medical diagnostic and monitoring purposes. We verify less than 0.3 C drift in temperature readings over 14 days in physiological conditions. This approach is compatible with more sophisticated temperature sensors such as classic proportional to absolute temperature (PTAT) integrated circuits, as well as digital backscatter approaches. Our goal is to solve a long-standing issue: chronic and tetherlessly monitoring deep tissue temperature with high spatial accuracy.
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16:22-16:24, Paper WeCT5-04.7 | Add to My Program |
A ROIC for Mn(TPP)Cl-DOP-THF-Polyhema PVC Membrane Modified N-Channel Si3N4 ISFET Sensitive to Histamine |
Samah, N. L. M. A. | Univ. Teknologi MARA |
Lee, Khuan Y. | Univ. Teknologi MARA |
Sulaiman, S.A. | Univ. Teknologi MARA |
Jarmin, R | Univ. Teknologi MARA |
Keywords: Physiological monitoring - Instrumentation, Integrated sensor systems, Chemo/bio-sensing - Chemical sensors and systems
Abstract: Abstract— Intolerance of histamine could lead to scombroid poisoning with fatal consequences. Current detection methods for histamine are wet laboratory techniques which employ expensive equipment that depends on skills of seasoned technicians and produces delayed test analysis result. Previous works from our group has established that ISFETs can be adapted for detecting histamine with the use of a novel membrane. However, work to integrate ISFETs with a readout interfacing circuit (ROIC) circuit to display the histamine concentration has not been reported so far. This paper concerns the development of a ROIC specifically to integrate with a Mn(TPP)Cl-DOP-THF-Polyhema PVC membrane modified n-channel Si3N4 ISFET to display the histamine concentration. It embodies the design of constant voltage constant current (CVCC) circuit, amplification circuit and micro-controller based display circuit. A DC millivolt source is used to substitute the membrane modified ISFET as preliminary work. Input is histamine concentration corresponding to the safety level designated by the Food and Drugs Administration (FDA). Results show the CVCC circuit makes the output follows the input and keeps VDS constant. The amplification circuit amplifies the output from the CVCC circuit to the range 2.406-4.888V to integrate with the microcontroller, which is programmed to classify and display the histamine safety level and its corresponding voltage on a LCD panel. The ROIC could be used to produce direct output voltages corresponding to histamine concentrations, for in-situ applications.
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16:24-16:26, Paper WeCT5-04.8 | Add to My Program |
Novel Carbon Fiber Probe for Temperature Monitoring During Thermal Therapies |
Saccomandi, Paola | Univ. Campus Bio-Medico of Rome |
Schena, Emiliano | Univ. of Rome Campus Bio-Medico |
Caponero, Michele Arturo | ENEA - Centro Ricerche Frascati |
Gassino, Riccardo | Department of Electronics and Telecommunications, Pol. Di |
Hernandez, Juan | IHU-Strasbourg |
Perrone, Guido | Department of Electronics and Telecommunications, Pol. Di |
Vallan, Alberto | Department of Electronics and Telecommunications, Pol. Di |
Diana, Michele | IRCAD: Res. Inst. against Cancer of Digestive System, St |
Costamagna, Guido | Unit of Digestive Endoscopy, Univ. Cattolica Del Sacro Cuor |
Marescaux, jacques | IRCAD |
Keywords: Physical sensors and sensor systems - Thermal sensors and systems, Physical sensors and sensor systems - Optical and photonic Sensors and systems, Physiological monitoring - Instrumentation
Abstract: Thermal treatments are a valid clinical option in the management of several solid tumors. The difficulties to perform an accurate prediction improve the selectivity of the treatment effects represent the main hurdles in the spread of these techniques. Among other solutions, thermometric techniques are gaining acceptance in monitoring the effects of thermal treatments because they provide a clear end-point to obtain the complete removal of cancer without damaging the surrounding healthy tissue. This paper proposes a custom needle-like probe made of carbon fibers to embed seven fiber Bragg grating (FBG) sensors. This tool aims at a multiple points monitoring the tissue temperature during the thermal procedures, streamlining the FBG sensors insertion within the organ. After the description of the probe manufacturing, we reported the calibration of the seven sensors embedded within the probe, their step response, and the feasibility assessment of the probe for temperature monitoring during laser ablation on animal model (both in vivo and ex vivo). Results show that the proposed probe is easily maneuverable by the clinician, the sensors have a linear response with the temperature and a short step response; moreover, the probe allows measuring the temperature in seven points of the tissue; finally, it can be used during CT- and MR-guided procedures without causing any artifact to the images. Thanks to these features the probe may be an useful solution to improve the safety and the outcomes of minimally invasive thermal ablation procedures, so to spread these procedures in the clinical field.
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16:26-16:28, Paper WeCT5-04.9 | Add to My Program |
Pulse Oximetry in the Neck - a Proof of Concept |
Peng, Mingxu | Imperial Coll. London |
Imtiaz, Syed Anas | Imperial Coll. London |
Rodriguez-Villegas, Esther | Imperial Coll. London |
Keywords: Physiological monitoring - Instrumentation, Wearable low power, wireless sensing methods, Optical and photonic sensors and systems
Abstract: Oxygen saturation levels are routinely monitored in clinical settings. Pulse oximetry, in transmittance operation mode, is the most common method of estimating oxygen saturation (SpO2). This is inexpensive and non-invasive and thus allows for long-term monitoring. However, it suffers from issues such as signal integrity, reliability and patient comfortability. As a result, there is an interest in exploring other locations on the body where oxygen saturation can be measured reliably. In this paper, a wearable device has been designed to study the feasibility of extracting photoplethysmogram (PPG) signals at the neck in reflectance pulse oximetry mode. It explores the signal integrity and strength compared to other locations as well as the presence of motion artefacts in that location. The results demonstrate that the PPG signals acquired at the neck show a very strong correlation (r=0.82) with the SpO2 values obtained using a commercial device. Further, the SpO2 values are calculated with an accuracy of 98.6%.
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16:28-16:30, Paper WeCT5-04.10 | Add to My Program |
Temperature Influence on the Response at Low Airflow of a Variable Orifice Flowmeter |
Massaroni, Carlo | Univ. Campus Bio-Medico Di Roma |
Schena, Emiliano | Univ. of Rome Campus Bio-Medico |
Silvestri, Sergio | Univ. Campus Bio-Medico Di Roma |
Keywords: Mechanical sensors and systems, Physiological monitoring - Instrumentation, Physical sensors and sensor systems - Mechanical sensors and systems
Abstract: In mechanical ventilation, in particular when neonates are ventilated, it is crucial to accurately control the amount of the gas delivered to the patients. Mechanical ventilators are equipped with one of more flowmeters. The signal of the flowmeter is used as feedback to control the amount of gas delivered to the patients. Therefore, the accuracy of the flowmeter plays a crucial role in the accurate adjustment of the gas amount delivered by the ventilator. Among several solutions, variable area orifice meters (VAOMs) have several valuable features (e.g., good accuracy, and adequate frequency response), moreover they have the main advantage, with respect to orifice meters, related to the linearity of the response. Despite of their spread in this field, there are not studies focused on the analysis of the air temperature influence on VAOMs response. This study focuses on this topic by investigating the gas temperature influence on the response of a commercial VAOM. Experiments have been performed at low airflow (up to 1.5 L∙min -1) and at four different temperatures (i.e., from 22°C to 38°C) covering the range of interest in the field of artificial ventilation. Results show that the response of the VAOM under test is sensitive to temperature: at constant airflow the higher the temperature the higher the sensor output. This analysis may be useful to add correction to sensor output in order to reject the influence of temperature, so to minimize the measurement error due to this factor.
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WeCT6 |
Zworykin Room |
Ignite Session W-06 |
Ignite Session |
Chair: Jabbari, Esmaiel | Univ. of South Carolina |
Co-Chair: Choi, Samjin | Kyung Hee Univ | |
16:10-16:12, Subsession WeCT6-01, Zworykin Room | |
Biomaterials and Patterning II Poster Session, 1 paper |
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16:10-16:12, Subsession WeCT6-02, Zworykin Room | |
Cell and Protein Interaction with External Fields II Poster Session, 1 paper |
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16:10-16:24, Subsession WeCT6-03, Zworykin Room | |
Micro- and nano-sensors Poster Session, 7 papers |
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16:10-16:24, Subsession WeCT6-04, Zworykin Room | |
Microfluidic applications Poster Session, 7 papers |
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16:10-16:26, Subsession WeCT6-05, Zworykin Room | |
Microfluidic techniques, methods and systems Poster Session, 8 papers |
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WeCT6-01 Poster Session, Zworykin Room |
Add to My Program |
Biomaterials and Patterning II |
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16:10-16:12, Paper WeCT6-01.1 | Add to My Program |
Functionalized Electromagnetic Actuation Method for Aggregated Nanoparticles Steering |
Kafash hoshiar, Ali | Gyeongsang National Univ |
Anh Le, Tuan | Gyeongsang National Univ |
Ul Amin, Faiz | Gyeongsang National Univ |
Kim, Myeong Ok | Gyeongsang National Univ |
yoon, jungwon | Gyeongsang National Univ |
Keywords: Micro- and nano-technology, Nano-bio technology design, Microfluidic techniques, methods and systems
Abstract: Despite the promising results in magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) based targeted drug delivery (TDD), the aggregation of the magnetic nanoparticles deteriorates targeting performance. This paper aims to introduce a magnetic actuation function for aggregated nanoparticles steering in vascular network. To improve the drug delivery performance, first the governing dynamics has been introduced, next the modified field function (MFF) concept has been proposed and finally a computational platform for a Y-shape channel has been used to simulate the particles steering performance. The results showed an acceptable agreement with the experimental results. The proposed actuation method enables us to more accurately steer aggregated nanoparticles and improves targeting performance.
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WeCT6-02 Poster Session, Zworykin Room |
Add to My Program |
Cell and Protein Interaction with External Fields II |
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16:10-16:12, Paper WeCT6-02.1 | Add to My Program |
Dynamic Electromechanical Control of Biomolecules Using a Nano Virtual Cathode Display |
Miyazako, Hiroki | The Univ. of Tokyo |
Mabuchi, Kunihiko | The Univ. of Tokyo |
Hoshino, Takayuki | Univ. of Tokyo |
Keywords: Micro- and nano-technology, Microfluidic techniques, methods and systems, Biomimetic materials - Directed assembly
Abstract: The dynamic electromechanical control of spatial structures of biomolecules in aqueous solutions was demonstrated using a nano virtual cathode display. By generating a focused electric field around the biomolecules using an electron beam (EB), the molecules’ spatiotemporal responses to the electrical stimuli, such as globule transition of DNA random coils and deformation of planar lipid bilayers and vesicles, were successfully observed. The proposed system may be applied to high resolution and high degree-of-freedom manipulations to measure the mechanical and structural properties of bio-nanomaterials.
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WeCT6-03 Poster Session, Zworykin Room |
Add to My Program |
Micro and Nano-Sensors |
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16:10-16:12, Paper WeCT6-03.1 | Add to My Program |
Rapid Prototyping of Microscale and Flexible Electrochemical Biosensors Using Direct Write |
Nguyen, Tran | Purdue Univ. - Biomedical Engineering |
Lam, Stephanie | Purdue Univ |
Shi, Riyi | Purdue Univ |
Lee, Hyowon | Purdue Univ |
Keywords: Micro- and nano-sensors, Micro- and nano-technology
Abstract: Here we present a development of amperometric microbiosensor fabricated using direct write (DW) technology for in vivo electrochemical monitoring. The sensor was designed to allow measurement of extracellular dynamics of neurotransmitters and other biomarkers in traumatic spinal cord injury. The microsystem includes micropatterned carbon paste microelectrodes as working and counter electrodes, and an on-chip silver/silver chloride reference electrode. Preliminary results from our prototype devices show that the device is cable of detecting 20 µM of analyte in vitro.
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16:12-16:14, Paper WeCT6-03.2 | Add to My Program |
Strain Gauge Integrated Implantable Magnetic Microactuators |
Yang, Qi | Purdue Univ |
Lee, Hyowon | Purdue Univ |
Keywords: Micro- and nano-sensors, Micro- and nano-technology
Abstract: Here we present our next generation of implantable magnetic microactuators with integrated piezoresistive strain sensing elements for anti-biofouling application. In this new device, microfabricated gold piezo-resistive sensing element is incorporated with our polymer-based microdevice to provide real-time feedback on device functionality. The microfabricated microdevices were integrated into implantable catheters and we characterized mechanical responses of these devices.
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16:14-16:16, Paper WeCT6-03.3 | Add to My Program |
Evaluation of Printed Microsensors for Microphysiometry |
Feil, Michael | Univ. of Applied Sciences Munich |
Wiest, Joachim | Cellasys GmbH |
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16:16-16:18, Paper WeCT6-03.4 | Add to My Program |
Analysis of Cellular Dielectric Properties Enhanced by Iron Oxide Nanoparticles within a Dielectrophoresis Device |
OH, Eun Seol | Univ |
Park, Insoo | Yonsei Univ. Department of Biomedical Engineering |
Ko, Kwan Hwi | Yonsei Univ |
Lee, Sang Woo | Yonsei Univ |
Key, Jaehong | Univ |
Keywords: Micro- and nano-sensors, Micro- and nano-technology
Abstract: Quantitative measurement of the biological properties of cells using dielectrophoretic (DEP) techniques is essential for cancer diagnostics. Iron oxide nanoparticles have been considered to be effective dielectric materials with low cytotoxicity, so they can be used for amplifying the dielectric properties of cancer cells. In this study, we demonstrate that cross-over frequency of iron oxide nanoparticle treated cancer cell is higher than that of untreated cell.
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16:18-16:20, Paper WeCT6-03.5 | Add to My Program |
Top-Down Fabrication of Arrayed Silicon Nanowire Using (111)-Silicon Substrate |
Lee, Sangmin | Kyung Hee Univ |
Choi, Yeok In | Kyung Hee Univ |
Keywords: Micro- and nano-sensors, Nano-bio technology design, Micro- and nano-technology
Abstract: In this paper, a simple fabrication method of silicon-nanowire arrays is proposed by top–down fabrication. The arrayed silicon nanowires are fabricated on a (111)- silicon substrate by a top–down process that includes silicon dry etching, silicon wet etching, and wet oxidation. Compared to silicon nanowire fabrication using (100)-silicon, using (111)-oriented silicon can control the height and width of silicon nanowire by sequential deep-silicon-etching process. The fabrication results of the proposed method show an excellent potential for applications in silicon-nanowire based biosensors and transistors.
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16:20-16:22, Paper WeCT6-03.6 | Add to My Program |
Lung Cancer Cell Volatile Organic Compounds(VOCs) Detection Via Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy |
Shim, On | Korea Univ |
Choi, Yeonho | Korea Univ |
Quan, Yu Hua | Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Korea Univ |
Kim, Hyun Koo | Department of Biomedical Sciences, Coll. of Medicine, Korea Un |
Keywords: Micro- and nano-sensors, Micro- and nano-technology, Nano-bio technology design
Abstract: By analyzing lung cancer cell VOCs through rapid and label-free Surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy(SERS), we suggest the possibility for new breath-based non-invasive lung cancer diagnosis method. Compared to Gas-chromatography and mass-spectroscopy(GC-MS) results, pattern analysis of SERS signals through principal component analysis(PCA) were demonstrated to compare normal alveolar cell to lung cancer cell.
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16:22-16:24, Paper WeCT6-03.7 | Add to My Program |
Classification of Exosome by Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (SERS) and Principal Component Analysis (PCA) |
Park, Jaena | Korea Univ |
Shin, Hyunku | Korea Univ |
CHOI, BYEONG HYEON | Department of Biomedical Sciences, Coll. of Medicine, Korea Un |
Jeong, Hyesun | Korea Univ |
Jung, Jik Han | KAIST |
Kim, Hyun Koo | Department of Biomedical Sciences, Coll. of Medicine, Korea Un |
Hong, Sunghoi | Korea Univ |
Park, Ji Ho | KAIST |
Choi, Yeonho | Korea Univ |
Keywords: Micro- and nano-sensors, Micro- and nano-technology, Nano-bio technology design
Abstract: Exosomes can be used as a cancer indicator. Several studies have been demonstrated for exosome diagnostic methods. Here, we demonstrated a label-free and sensitive identification methods of exosomes via surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) combining principal component analysis (PCA). Exosomes from non-small cell lung cancer exhibit a specific Raman pattern compared to exosome secreted from a normal cell.
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WeCT6-04 Poster Session, Zworykin Room |
Add to My Program |
Microfluidic Applications |
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16:10-16:12, Paper WeCT6-04.1 | Add to My Program |
In Vitro 3D Model of Mammary Duct Based Microfluidic System |
Cho, Youngkyu | Korea Univ |
Chung, Seok | Korea Univ |
Keywords: Microfluidic applications, Biomaterial-cell interactions - Gradient biomaterials, Scaffolds in tissue engineering
Abstract: Mimicking of mammary duct in vitro is highly required to study breast cancer in progressing invasive ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS). A few of DCIS cases were known to progress invasive cancer, which is strongly associated with cancer development. Understanding the invasive progress needs an 3D model with microenvironment, consisting of mammary duct, stromal cells and extracellular matrix (ECM). Here, we mimicked the mammary duct in microfluidic platform incorporating 3D collagen ECM. Morphologies and functions of the mammary duct were confirmed.
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16:12-16:14, Paper WeCT6-04.2 | Add to My Program |
Development of a 3D in Vitro Innervated Skin Model on a Microfluidic Chip |
Ohk, Kyungeun | Korea Univ |
Chung, Seok | Korea Univ |
Keywords: Microfluidic applications, BioMEMS/NEMS - Tissue engineering and biomaterials
Abstract: Advances in microfluidic system of in vitro human skin models improve the efficiency of drug testing and disease studies. However, existing in vitro models have limitations to emulate complex skin structure such as vascular and nervous system. In this study, we designed a microfluidic device to mimic the structure of innervated skin by using dorsal root ganglia neurons (DRGs) and human epidermal keratinocyte (HEKs).
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16:14-16:16, Paper WeCT6-04.3 | Add to My Program |
Microfluidic Analysis Platform (MAP) for Leukocyte Extraction from Whole Blood |
Tan, Justin | National Univ. of Singapore |
Kim, Sangho | National Univ. of Singapore |
Keywords: Microfluidic applications
Abstract: Conventional methods for WBC separation tend to yield low sample purity and separation efficiency, which result in adverse implications on downstream polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analyses. In this study, we present a microfluidic analysis platform (MAP) which harnesses the elastic property of a viscoelastic fluid for size-based separation of WBCs from whole blood. WBCs were demonstrated to be separated with high efficiency and purity (> 95%).
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16:16-16:18, Paper WeCT6-04.4 | Add to My Program |
Difference of Dielectrophoretic Response of Live Human Breast Cancer Cell in Various Frequency Sweep Rate |
Ko, Kwan Hwi | Yonsei Univ |
Kim, Min-Hyung | Yonsei Univ. Department of Biomedical Engineering |
Park, Insoo | Yonsei Univ. Department of Biomedical Engineering |
LIM, JONGWON | Yonsei Univ |
Lee, Sang Woo | Yonsei Univ |
Keywords: Microfluidic applications, Microfluidic techniques, methods and systems, Electromagnetic field effects and cell membrane
Abstract: The dielectrophoretic (DEP) response of live cell was changed by the DEP force. Generally speaking, the DEP force can be controlled by the amount of input AC voltage in Microfluidic DEP analysis system. We demonstrate that the DEP response of live human breast cancer cell is changed in different frequency sweep rate. In this study, we investigated the difference of electrical response of MCF-7 cells within a microfluidic dielectrophoresis (μF-DEP) device using the frequency sweep rate for analyzing cell biological properties.
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16:18-16:20, Paper WeCT6-04.5 | Add to My Program |
Controlled Detachment of Cells Cultured within a Microfluidic Chip for Re-Analysis |
Lee, SeungJin | SungKyunKwan Univ |
Lim, Wanyoung | Sungkyunkwan Univ |
Park, Sungsu | Sungkyunkwan Univ |
Baac, Hyoung Won | Sungkyunkwan Univ |
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16:20-16:22, Paper WeCT6-04.6 | Add to My Program |
Flat-Faced and Coded Microcapsules for Multiplexing Bioassays |
Jeong, Yunjin | Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Seoul Nationa |
Han, Haejun | Celemics Inc., Seoul, Korea |
Song, Younghoon | Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Seoul Nationa |
Kwon, Sunghoon | Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Seoul Nationa |
Keywords: Microfluidic applications, Micro- and nano-technology, Gene and drug delivery - Drug/gene and carrier interactions
Abstract: Liquid-capped microcapsules would be used for multiplexing liquid phase bioassay if they are combined with proper encoding scheme. Multiplex assay can be performed easily and fast with the graphically encoded microcapsules. Heterogeneous microcapsules can be handled at once, then be separated from each other in microwell, and release inner liquid with releasing cue. The proper encoding scheme works for identifying the information of inner liquid. However, previous sphere form of microcapsules causes free rotation so many capsules are not decoded and identified. Here we propose graphically encoded flat-faced microcapsules that are easily decoded with high efficiency.
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16:22-16:24, Paper WeCT6-04.7 | Add to My Program |
Pancreatic Islet-On-A-Chip with Controlled Flow Condition for Long-Term Maintenance of Islet Characteristics |
Jun, Yesl | Korea Univ |
Lee, Sang Hoon | Coll. of Health Science, Korea Univ |
Chung, Seok | Korea Univ |
Keywords: Microfluidic applications, BioMEMS/NEMS - Tissue engineering and biomaterials, Translational issues in tissue engineering and biomaterials - Bioreactors
Abstract: We propose to develop functional pancreatic spheroids using microchip-based three-dimensional (3D) cultural systems under dynamic condition. Pancreatic islet spheroids with controlled size and shape were cultured in concave-shaped microwell arrays integrated with an osmotic micropump system to investigate the flow effects. We demonstrated that continuous media flow at a slow interstitial level not only maintains islet viability and function but also enhances proliferation of endothelial cells over a 28-day culture period. The developed system has the potential to be used as a future platform for the cell-based treatment of diabetes or as a pancreatic islet-on-a-chip for the study of drug testing.
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WeCT6-05 Poster Session, Zworykin Room |
Add to My Program |
Microfluidic Techniques, Methods and Systems |
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16:10-16:12, Paper WeCT6-05.1 | Add to My Program |
A Microfluidic Device As a Tool for C. Elegans Nictation Study |
Choi, Junhee | Seoul National Univ |
Kim, Sungjong | Seoul National Univ |
Choi, Jin Woo | Seoul National Univ |
Lee, Jung Chan | Seoul National Univ. Coll. of Medicine |
Kim, Hee Chan | Seoul National Univ |
Lee, Junho | Seoul National Univ |
Keywords: Microfluidic techniques, methods and systems, Microfluidic applications, Cellular force transduction - Mechanical stimuli and mechanotransduction
Abstract: IL2 sensory neuron is recently reported to mediate dauers performing a unique dispersal behavior called nictation [1]. However, few efforts have been made to determine the entire neuron circuit of nictation due to the difficulty of triggering nictation on a single dauer. To overcome such difficulty, we introduce a simple microfluidic device for examining nictation, in which a single dauer is trapped and stimulated under quantified hydraulic strength. To validate our device, we captured and stimulated a dauer with various flow rates, analyzing the effects of shear stress through calcium imaging. The current results of expressed calcium imaging will be listed with further studies. Our study will successfully propose the new method of studying nictation, expanding its boundary to the entire neuron circuit.
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16:12-16:14, Paper WeCT6-05.2 | Add to My Program |
High Pressure Nanofluidic Micropump Based on Electrolysis |
Liang, Fupeng | Southeast Univ |
Qiao, Yi | Southeast Univ |
Ju, An | Southeast Univ |
Li, Junji | Southeast Univ |
Lu, Na | Southeast Univ |
Tu, Jing | Southeast Univ |
LU, Zuhong | Southeast Univ |
Keywords: Microfluidic techniques, methods and systems, Micro- and nano-technology, Microfluidic applications
Abstract: It is difficult to drive nanofluids into nanochannels with existing micropumps due to super-high hydraulic resistance and super-small volume of nanofluids. Here we developed a new type of high pressure micropump based on electrolysis for nanofluidic applications. High output pressure of up to 20MPa and high control accuracy have been achieved in our studies.
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16:14-16:16, Paper WeCT6-05.3 | Add to My Program |
Quantitative Analysis of Chemical Release and Uptake in Cells-On-Paper Samples |
Trouillon, Raphaël | EPFL |
Letizia, Maria Cristina | EPFL |
Gijs, Martin | EPFL |
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16:16-16:18, Paper WeCT6-05.4 | Add to My Program |
Characterization of the Trap Dielectrophoretic Force of Microspheres in a Microfluidic Device |
Choi, Seungyeop | Younsei Univ |
Park, Insoo | Yonsei Univ. Department of Biomedical Engineering |
Kim, Min-Hyung | Yonsei Univ. Department of Biomedical Engineering |
Lee, Sang Woo | Yonsei Univ |
Keywords: Microfluidic techniques, methods and systems, Micro- and nano-technology, Biomaterials - Chemical and electrochemical sensors
Abstract: Characterization of trap dielectrophoretic force of micro-particles is a key step in building simple, high-throughput, and robust system, which can be useful for manipulation of various micro-particles with different dielectric property in bio-sensing applications. We characterized the stiffness of multiple particles trapped by dielectrophoretic (DEP) tweezers on interdigitated electrode. Using the data measured in this controlled environment, we extracted the stiffness of the trapped particles and calculated their force. Our study inspires the application of the trapped multiple particles to investigate the dynamics in bio-sensing applications.
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16:18-16:20, Paper WeCT6-05.5 | Add to My Program |
Microchip-Based Single Cell Assay Platform to Evaluate Responses of Tumors to Therapeutic Combinations |
Choi, Jongchan | GIST |
Kim, Hanbyul | GIST |
Yang, Sung | Gwangju Inst. of Science and Tech. (GIST) |
Keywords: Microfluidic techniques, methods and systems, Micro- and nano-sensors
Abstract: This study aims at developing a microfluidic platform for high-throughput proteomic assay at the single cell level. The developed chip herein consists of high-density multiplex antibody arrays for measuring intracellular proteins, micro-chambers (1,360) for capturing single cancer cell at high efficiency, and microfluidic valves and pumps for the chamber isolation and the rapid single cell lysis, respectively. Drug combinations generated from three signaling pathway inhibitors (PI3K inhibitor, MEK inhibitor, and JAK inhibitor) have been applied to lung cancer cell model and its response to signaling molecules and secretion molecules have been measured.
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16:20-16:22, Paper WeCT6-05.6 | Add to My Program |
Rapid Scalable Fabrication of Micro/Nano Through-Hole Membrane |
Tahk, Dongha | Seoul National Univ |
Paik, Sang-Min | Seoul National Univ |
Lim, Jungeun | Seoul National Univ |
BANG, SEOKYOUNG | Seoul National Univ |
Jeon, Noo Li | Seoul National Univ |
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16:22-16:24, Paper WeCT6-05.7 | Add to My Program |
Tunable Herringbone Structure Device for Particle Focusing |
Hyun, Ji-chul | GIST |
Yang, Sung | Gwangju Inst. of Science and Tech. (GIST) |
Keywords: Microfluidic techniques, methods and systems, Microfluidic applications
Abstract: This paper reports herringbone structure device which has tunability to change the height of the herringbone structure and the fluidic channel. The tunable herringbone structure device can resolve particle clogging problem and also improve the particle focusing performance by changing the pneumatic pressure applied to the fluidic channel. The particle clogging problem can be resolved by removing the pneumatic pressure applied to the fluidic channel. Also the particle focusing performance can be improved by controlling the pneumatic pressure applied to the fluidic channel. These results show us that clogging of the particles can be solved and also focusing of the particles could be improved by the proposed device.
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16:24-16:26, Paper WeCT6-05.8 | Add to My Program |
A Microengineered Human Cornea-On-A-Chip for Evaluating Ocular Drugs |
Kim, Jungkyu | Texas Tech. Univ |
Estlack, Zachary | Texas Tech. Univ |
Bennet, Devasier | Texas Tech. Univ |
Keywords: BioMEMS/NEMS - Tissue engineering and biomaterials, Microfluidic applications
Abstract: A cornea-on-a-chip, consisting of 5 layers of human corneal epithelial cells is developed by two individually accessible stacked compartments separated by a porous polycarbonate membrane. As characterized by fluorescence and confocal microscopic imaging and permeability measurements, it was confirmed that corneal epithelium layers in microfluidic devices were flattened surface and junction formation of each layer were agreed with previous in-vivo models. In addition, this model gave us a relevant tear-drug drainage, epithelium absorption, and clearance and permeation profiles of two representative ocular drugs. Furthermore, a computational model was developed to confirm behavior of these drugs. This microengineered cornea-on-a-chip along with computational estimation can be an innovative platform to investigate therapeutic and pathophysiological responses of various drugs.
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WeCT7 |
Herrick Room |
Ignite Session W-07 |
Ignite Session |
Co-Chair: Choi, Jaesoon | Asan Inst. for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center | |
16:10-16:42, Subsession WeCT7-01, Herrick Room | |
BioRobotics and Biomechanics I Poster Session, 16 papers |
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16:10-16:12, Subsession WeCT7-02, Herrick Room | |
Assistive and cognitive robotics in aided living Poster Session, 1 paper |
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16:10-16:12, Subsession WeCT7-03, Herrick Room | |
Biomechanics and robotics - Clinical evaluation in rehabilitation and orthopedics Poster Session, 1 paper |
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16:10-16:12, Subsession WeCT7-04, Herrick Room | |
Biomechanics and robotics in sports Poster Session, 1 paper |
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16:10-16:16, Subsession WeCT7-05, Herrick Room | |
Hardware and control developments in rehabilitation robotics Poster Session, 3 papers |
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16:10-16:12, Subsession WeCT7-06, Herrick Room | |
Humanoid robotics Poster Session, 1 paper |
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16:10-16:18, Subsession WeCT7-07, Herrick Room | |
Rehabilitation robotics and biomechanics - Exoskeleton robotics Poster Session, 4 papers |
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WeCT7-01 Poster Session, Herrick Room |
Add to My Program |
BioRobotics and Biomechanics I |
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16:10-16:12, Paper WeCT7-01.1 | Add to My Program |
Development and Testing of a New Cognitive Technological Tool for Episodic Memory: A Feasibility Study |
Maselli, Martina | Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna |
Fiorini, Laura | Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna |
Castro, Emanuela | Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna |
Baldoli, Ilaria | Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, the BioRobotics Inst |
Tocchini, Stefania | USL Nordovest Toscana |
Timpano Sportiello, Marco | USL Nordovest Toscana |
Cavallo, Filippo | Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna |
Cecchi, Francesca | Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna |
Laschi, Cecilia | Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna |
Keywords: Assistive and cognitive robotics in rehabilitation, Assistive and cognitive robotics in aided living
Abstract: Cognitive Rehabilitation Therapy refers to any systemic therapy specifically designed to enhance cognitive performance. Recent studies have shown that physical exercise is beneficial for cognitive activity in patients with degenerative diseases. Therefore, the objective of the present study is to provide training for cognitive functions that take advantage of the physical activity in the execution of the task. A feasibility study concerning the application of a new bioengineering technique in cognitive rehabilitation is presented and it divided in two parts. The first one aims at developing a new cognitive tool, called SmartTapestry (ST), for motor and cognitive rehabilitation. The second part aims at understanding its technical viability and its level of sensitivity in measuring the same cognitive domains covered by the standardized tests. The hypothesis of this study is that, despite the introduction of this new variable, the proposed system has the same sensitivity of the traditional tests. The results suggest a good correlation between the two approaches and that SmartTapestry can train the same cognitive functions of traditional cognitive tasks.
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16:12-16:14, Paper WeCT7-01.2 | Add to My Program |
Feasibility Study on the Assessment of Auditory Sustained Attention through Walking Motor Parameters in Mild Cognitive Impairments and Healthy Subjects |
Fiorini, Laura | Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna |
Maselli, Martina | Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna |
Castro, Emanuela | Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna |
Tocchini, Stefania | USL Nordovest Toscana |
Timpano Sportiello, Marco | USL Nordovest Toscana |
Laschi, Cecilia | Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna |
Cecchi, Francesca | Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna |
Cavallo, Filippo | Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna |
Keywords: Assistive and cognitive robotics in rehabilitation, Assistive and cognitive robotics in aided living
Abstract: Dementia and other cognitive disorders will affect more than 35 million people worldwide. Over the last years, cognitive training tools were used to improve the brain functioning, thus to slow down the cognitive decline. Recently, research studies have demonstrated that aerobic exercise could play an important restorative role toward cognitive impairments. Therefore, the aim of this work is to present an innovative sensorized approach which combine aerobic exercise and traditional cognitive tools for daily training. This feasibility study consists of two parts, the first part aims to design, and develop the ICT device and the experimental protocol, whereas the latter one aims to demonstrate that the output of the sensorized system could be correlated with traditional test in measuring the same cognitive domains. The proposed system was tested with fifteen subjects (11 healthy controls and 4 subjects affected by Mild Cognitive Impairments) in a controlled environment. The results suggest a good correlation between the two approaches.
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16:14-16:16, Paper WeCT7-01.3 | Add to My Program |
Modeling and Analysis of Individual with Lower Extremity Amputation Locomotion Using Prosthetic Feet and Running-Specific Prostheses |
Murai, Akihiko | National Inst. of Advanced Industrial Science and Tech |
Hobara, Hiroaki | Japan Society for the Promotion of Science |
Hashizume, Satoru | National Inst. of Advanced Industrial Science and Tech |
Kobayashi, Yoshiyuki | National Inst. of Advanced Industrial Science and Tech |
Tada, Mitsunori | National Inst. of Advanced Industrial Science and Tech |
Keywords: Prosthetics - Modeling and simulation in biomechanics, Mechanics of locomotion and balance, New technologies and methodologies in human movement analysis
Abstract: Prostheses have enabled individuals with lower extremity amputation (ILEAs) to accomplish many daily activities. Prosthetic feet allow ILEA to locomote and improves their quality of life. Carbon-fiber running-specific prostheses (RSPs) with energy storing capabilities support ILEAs to perform sprinting by partly providing spring-like properties in their amputated legs. Previous studies declare the spring-like RSP behavior and stiffness regulation during ILEA sprinting using RSP, though little is known about the behavior of the whole system that is a complex combination and interaction between a human body and prostheses. This paper models this combined system with human and prosthetic foot and RSP using the digital human technology, then, analyzes the ILEA walking using the prosthetic foot and sprinting using RSP. We develop models that are combinations of human and prostheses by individualizing a linkage structure and inertial parameters of the digital human model. Then, locomotion of ILEA is analyzed based on measurements with optical motion capture system and force plates, and kinematics and dynamics computation. This modeling and computational technique can be applied to the locomotion of ILEA as well as a human motion using tools, and expanded to an analysis and improvement of system involving human.
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16:16-16:18, Paper WeCT7-01.4 | Add to My Program |
A Multimodal Interface to Resolve the Midas-Touch Problem in Gaze Controlled Wheelchair |
Meena, Yogesh Kumar | Ulster Univ |
Cecotti, Hubert | Univ. of Ulster |
Wong-Lin, KongFatt | Univ. of Ulster |
Prasad, Girijesh | Univ. of Ulster |
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